ASU BIO 181 EXAM 1 NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS & DETAILED CORRECT ANSWERS | 2025 A+ GRADE, Exams of Biology

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ASU BIO 181 EXAM 1 NEWEST ACTUAL

EXAM QUESTIONS AND DETAILED

CORRECT ANSWERS | 2025 A+ GRADE

STUDYGUIDE

T/F the contractile vacuole of the paramecium is possibly an evolutionary of the kidney Correct Answer true a singled celled eukaryotic organism Correct Answer has a limited number of biomolecular machines must find food, shelter, a mate and reproduce escape from predators the paramecium discussed in class contained an organelle the contractile vacuole. this is the presumed precursor of the: Correct Answer kidney T/F in your own multicellular body, cell with functions have different DNA. Correct Answer False T/F A cancer cell will be anchorage-dependent for growth and immortal Correct Answer false if something is soluble in water a of hydration forms around it and it is termed. Correct Answer hydrophilic T/F active transport uses ATP to move components in parallel with their concentration gradient, that is: from a

high concentration to a low concentartion Correct Answer false facilitated diffusion uses a channel to let components move down their concentration gradient. Correct Answer true T/F a single pass trans-membrane protein that is an alpha helix can make a channel. Correct Answer false when a vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane the contents of the lumen of the vesicle are Correct Answer ligands that are used in cell communication T/F the ER is contiguous with the golgi apparatus Correct Answer false amino acids can be largely subdivided into groups. what are the two groups Correct Answer hydrophobic and hydrophlic what are the orphaned organelles orphaned from? Correct Answer they are mitochrondria and chloroplast and they orphaned from the endomembrane system what is the difference between a single pass transmembrane protein and a 7 pass transmembrane protein? Correct Answer single is singular protein that passes once through the bilayer and cannot create ion channel. a 7 passes through the bilayer 7 times creating channels for ion passage.

for protein to enter the endoplasmic reticulum as part of the endoplasmic reticulum's lumen or part of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane: Correct Answer a ribosome binds to the mRNA and a short stretch of protein is synthesized that contains a signal sequence. we are made up of ____ percent water Correct Answer 50 - 70 what is the difference between a triglyceride and a phospholipid? Correct Answer triglyceride has 3 fatty acids and phospholipid has 2 T/F the ER is contiguous with the nuclear envelope Correct Answer true what are the functions of a membrane? Correct Answer cell protection and controlling cell movement T/F its a simple matter (ie thermodynamically) for vesicle to form from the endoplasmic reticulum. Correct Answer false is cholesterol good or bad to have in biological membranes Correct Answer good the plasma membrane gets new lipids from Correct Answer none of the above

consider the geography of cells. Actin filaments are present in the cell's ____ and the microtubules are present in the cell's Correct Answer cortex T/F chromosomes are made out of Euchromatin Correct Answer false Where is the histone H1 found? Correct Answer they are found in eukaryotic cell nuclei T/F the diameter of an intermediate filament is 25 nm. Correct Answer false T/F the actin filament system is present in the nucleus Correct Answer false T/F to get into the nucleus a component has to have the correct signal sequence and pass through a nuclear pore. Correct Answer True which cytoskeleton filament system lines the inside of the nucleus to protect it? Correct Answer microtublues T/F cilia and microvilli contain a similar number of parallel actin filaments Correct Answer false T/F naked DNA does not exist in nature of parallel actin filaments Correct Answer false T/F naked DNA does not exist in Nature but scientists can make naked DNA in a test tube. Correct Answer true

what does the nucleosomal core have in it (ie the basketball like structure on the slides)? Correct Answer histones T/F molecular motor use ATP as the energy source to power the molecular motor. Correct Answer true T/F the actin filament system extends outside of the cell Correct Answer false T/F heterochromatin does not exist in interphase nuclei Correct Answer false T/F many chemotherapy drugs act by arresting the cell in m phase of the cell cycle. Correct Answer true T/F gap 1 of the cell cycle represents the time when the cell is doing what its suppose to do as part of its cell type. in other words, that is when a liver cell is doing it function as a liver cell. Correct Answer true list the three categories of cells in the body with regard to the cell cycle: Correct Answer 1) cells that never go through the cell cycle again once you're born (neurons, muscles)

2. cells that can be induced to go through the cell cycle by injury (liver)
3. cells that are constantly going through the cell cycle. (skin, blood cells, intestine/enterocytes)

T/F cytoplasmic signal transduction controls the checkpoints of the cell cycle. Correct Answer true T/F in your body not all cells go through the cell cycle Correct Answer true T/F at these checkpoints a cyclin works with a cyclin- dependent kinase (i.e cdk) to regulate the checkpoint. Correct Answer true T/F cancer can be described as a loss of cell cycle regulation. Correct Answer true the activation of both MPF and MAPK results in _______ _______ (two words) of the cytoplasm during M-phase. Correct Answer setting down T/F the synthesis/presence of cyclin is what turns on the Cdk as the Cdk is always present but it is the cyclin that is synthesized and degarded in cycles. Correct Answer true T/F during mitosis the cytoplasm of the cell is settled down Correct Answer true the ________ begins to destroyed at the metaphase of the cell cycle causing the chromosomes to begin to_______. Correct Answer cyclin B decondense T/F in the time span of 10 years every cell in your adult body goes through the cell cycle Correct Answer false

cytokinesis in plant and animal cells takes two forms Correct Answer animal: contarctile ring formation plant: phragmoplast formation an important checkpoint regular is at Gap2/M-phase transition. here cyclin B and Cdk1 activate and form MPF which becomes a ____ _____ ( two words) and causes the DNA to condense into _______. Correct Answer histone kinase chromosomes T/F after DNA systhesis (ie S-phase) an identical copy of the DNA has been made and this is present in the two chromatids when viewed as the chromosome. Correct Answer true for a cell to respond to a ligands release from a neighboring cell where the ligand diffuses directly from one cell to another is called ______ communication Correct Answer paracrine there are two basic forms of cytoplasmic signaling (ie signal transduction) one uses ____ and the other uses ______. Correct Answer protien kinases calcium signal for a cell to respond to a ligand relased from a cell and uses the circulatory system to get to the responding cell it is called ______ communication Correct Answer endocrine

when a cell talks to itself it is called and communication ______ cells Correct Answer within two types of second messengers discussed in lecture can exist downstream of plasma membrane receptor. these are _______ and _______. Correct Answer cyclic AMP and MAP kinase there are two types of receptors, one type of receptor binds to bipolar (hydrophilic) ligands and this is the receptor located in the _______ ________ Correct Answer plasma membrane the other point where MAPK can become active is ______of the cell cycle Correct Answer m phase MAPK has two different functions depending on where this kinase acts in the _____ _____. if kinase becomes active during interphase the cell is triggered to progress through the ______ _______. Correct Answer cell cycle cell cycle when insulin binds to a receptor, this signal first uses Correct Answer kinases The association of ribosomes with _____ invaginations would support the _____ theory. Correct Answer membrane, endomembrane

After a cell is pancake shaped in a cell culture dish, the order of events that occurs as a cell walks is? Correct Answer filapodia, lamellipodia, cell muscle, retraction fiber T/F It is presumed that the peroxisomes evolved in these primitive, proto-eukaryotes to remove oxygen, which was toxic to the primitive cells. Correct Answer true T/F In an extant prokaryotic cell the outer boundary of life is the capsule. Correct Answer false T/F When cancer cells are crowded by surrounding cells, the cancer cells become spherical and they can still go through cell division. Correct Answer true T/F Loss of the cell wall was required for the endomembrane system theory. Correct Answer true T/F Fluorescence microscopy is form of light microscopy Correct Answer true T/F Loss of the cell wall is required for the endosymbiotic theory. Correct Answer true T/F TEM provides a thin, two-dimensional section of the object being studied. Correct Answer true T/F The sytoskeleton enabled the primitive cell to become motile. Correct Answer true

T/F the ancient earth did not contain much oxygen Correct Answer true A normal cell is _____ and ____ for growth. Correct Answer mortal, anchorage dependent T/F Ribosomes bound to some of the membrane invaginations in the endomembrane theory Correct Answer true T/F the cytoskeleton gave rise to the nuclear envelope Correct Answer false What limits how big a cell can be? Correct Answer the surface area to volume ratio T/F DNA in extant prokaryotic cells is circular. Correct Answer True Why did Motility improved the fitness of these early cells? Correct Answer it allowed them to move away from predators and towards food T./F the end of the retraction fiber touching the cell culture plate still contains the cell equivalent of super glue. Correct Answer true T/F the presumed first step in the transition of the primitive, proto-prokaryotic cell into the primitive, proto- eukaryotic cell was the loss of the cell wall. Correct Answer true

1n order to examine cells which are smaller than can be detected by the human senses what needs to be used? Correct Answer technology A cell that is itself an organism must have a minimum of four needs presented in lecture Correct Answer find food, find shelter, find mate, and reproduce. compared to bacteria which of the cell types below are not responsible for finding food? Correct Answer lymphocyte, macrophage, and fibroblast T/F In your own mulitcellular body, different cells in your body have a division of labor between them. Correct Answer true T/F The paramecium swims by way of using a flagella Correct Answer false T/F A normal cell is anchorage-dependent for growth and mortal Correct Answer true what limits the paramecium from acquiring more complex functions? Correct Answer cannot fit anymore biomachinery into its space comparing a singled cell eukaryotic organism with a multicellular organism such as yourself identify the major difference from the list below. Correct Answer division of labor

in the cell biology what can limit the progress of science Correct Answer technology T/F a cell that is anchorage-dependent for growth will also exhibit contact inhibiton. Correct Answer true explain what limits an individual cell from becoming more complex Correct Answer individual cell have a limit number of biomolecular machines. In a multicellular organism you get a division of labor between different cell types so that the whole can do more than the sum of the parts with similar number of biomolecular machines per cell.