ASVAB Exam Study Guide With 100% Complete Solution 2024, Exams of Advanced Education

Download ASVAB Exam Study Guide With 100% Complete Solution 2024 and more Exams Advanced Education in PDF only on Docsity! ASVAB Exam Study Guide With 100% Complete Solution 2024 Ohms Law: - Correct Answer-Opposition to the flow of current. Pharynx - Correct Answer-further filters the air and aids in protections against infection Phenotype - Correct Answer-genes that express themselves in physical characteristics ex: eye color Genotype - Correct Answer-genetic make up, including both dominant and recessive alleles. Allies - Correct Answer-a gene which consists of hereditary factors The Nervous system - Correct Answer-Controls the functions of the body and receives stimuli from the environment Spinal Cord - Correct Answer-major connecting system between the brain and network of nerves. Carries impulse between all organs and the brains is also the control center for many simple reflexs. Epiglottis - Correct Answer-Closes when swallowing to prevent food from going down the airway into the Trachea Ecology - Correct Answer-Study of the interrelationship between organisms and their psychical surrounding. Ecologist employ a similar set of terminology Biosphere - Correct Answer-Zone of planet earth where life naturally occure including land, water, and air extending from the deep crust to the lower atmosphere. Biome - Correct Answer-Major life zone of interrelted species bound together by similar climate, vegetation and animal life Medulla (Brain stem) - Correct Answer-connection between the brain and the spinal cord. Controls involuntary actions (Breathing, swallowing, beating of heart). Cerebrum - Correct Answer-the major part of the brain. Thought to be the center of intelligence, responsible for hearing, seeing thinking, etc Ecosystem - Correct Answer-a system made up of a community of animals, plants, and other organisms as well as non-living aspects of its enviornment Community - Correct Answer-the collection of all ecologically connected species in an area population - Correct Answer-a group of organisms of the same species living in the same region Producers (autotrophs) - Correct Answer-make their own food vi photosynthesis Decomposers (bacteria/fungi) aka saprotrophs - Correct Answer-break down organic matter release minerals back into the soil Scavengers (vertebrates, vultures, jaklas) - Correct Answer-consuming refuse/decaying organic matter ex: carrion/decaying fish Consumer AKA heterotrophas - Correct Answer-animals that consumer other organisms to survive Primary Consumer (herbivores) - Correct Answer-eat plants Secondary Consumers (carnivores/ omnivores) - Correct Answer-eat primary consumers ex: wplves, lions, sharks Tetiary Consumers (top carnivores) - Correct Answer-capable of eating secondary conumers Geology - Correct Answer-is the science that deals with the history and composition of the earth and its life, especially as recorded in rocks Central nervous system - Correct Answer-contains all the other neurons found throughout the brain / spinal cord Cerbellum - Correct Answer-a big cluster of nerves tissue that forms the basis for the brain. Concerned with muscular coordination and the coordination of impulses sent out from the cerebrum Gene - Correct Answer-unit of inheritance Pathway of the Heart - Correct Answer-1. Superior Vena Cava 2. Pulmonary Artery 3. Right Atrium 4. Right Ventricle 5. Pulmonary arteries 6. Pulmonary Veins 7. Left Atrium 8. Left Ventricle 9. Aorta The autonomic nervous system - Correct Answer-regulates involuntary action in the heart, stomach and intestines heart - Correct Answer-4. Chambered pump with two collection chambers called atria and two pumping chambers called ventricles ligaments are.. - Correct Answer-the connecting bones to bones joints ex: elbow, knee, finger Respiratory system - Correct Answer-the process by which blodd cells absorbs oxygen and eliminates carbon dixoide and water vapor Nasal Cavity - Correct Answer-filters, moistens and warms the air epiglotties - Correct Answer-closes when swallowing to prevent food from going down the airway into the Trachea Spinal Cord - Correct Answer-major connecting center between the brain and network of nerves. Carries impulse between all organs and the brain and is also the control center for many simple reflexes. Nervous System - Correct Answer-controls the functions of the body and receives stimuli from the environment Alles - Correct Answer-... One thousand meters is a... - Correct Answer-kilometer One one-hundreth of a meter is called a.. - Correct Answer-centimeter Fahrenheit = - Correct Answer-9/5Celsius + 32 Celsius = - Correct Answer-5/9(f-32) Element - Correct Answer-a substance that cannot be separated into different substances by ordinary chemical methods. Atom - Correct Answer-The smallest component of an elment that still retains the properties of the element Proton - Correct Answer-A subatomic particle found in the atmos nucleus tht carrues a positive electice charge Neutron - Correct Answer-A subatomic particle found in the atoms nucleus that carries a positive electric charge Electron - Correct Answer-A subatomic particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom. An electron carries a negative charge and has a miniscule mass. An atom has thw same number of negative electrons around the nucleus as the number of positive protons in the nucleus Molecule - Correct Answer-The smallest particle of an element of compound that can exist in the free state and still retain the characteristiccs of the element or compound. The molecules of elemens consist of one atom or tow or more similar atoms; the molecules of compounds consist of two or more different atoms. Conduction - Correct Answer-Is the simplest method of heat transfer. It is accomplished by direct contract. Metals are generally goo conductors of heat. Wood styrofoam and plastic are poor conductors of heat which make them good insulators Convection - Correct Answer-is the transfer of heat unevenly in a liquid or gas, lowering the densisty of the heated liquid or gas, which causes it to rise and the cooler liquid or gas to fall. The resuliting circulatory movement is termed convection. Radiation - Correct Answer-occurs when electromagnetic waves transmit heat. The heat we get from the sun is called radiation atomic number is.. - Correct Answer-the number of protons in the nucleus and the number of electrons orbiting its shell Protons have a ___ charge - Correct Answer-positive Neutrons have a ___ charge - Correct Answer-neutral Electrons have a ____ charge and - Correct Answer-negative; are in motions around the nucleus Shells - Correct Answer-the various orbits that the electons occupy around the nucleys Conductor - Correct Answer-is an element that freely conducts electricity Insulator - Correct Answer-Does not conduct electricty at all Semiconductor - Correct Answer-is neither a good conductor nor insulator , but hs s ome remarkable properites that make it very useful for making electronic compnents Electron Flow Theory - Correct Answer-electrons flow away from areas of excess negative charge, to those with deficiency of negtive charge Voltage - Correct Answer-Electrical pressure Current - Correct Answer-The rate of flow of electrons through a conductor, it is measure in ampes which is one coulomb. One coulomb id the amount of a chare in 6.25 X 10 ^18 ` Direct Current - Correct Answer-means that current only flows one way in a conductor Altering Current - Correct Answer-when the current flowing in a conductor changes direction many times in a second Resistance - Correct Answer-Opposition to the flow of current. F = - Correct Answer-9/5C+32 9/5 = 1.8 C = - Correct Answer-5/9 F + 32 = 5/9 = .5555 Volume - Correct Answer-the measurement of three-dimensional space Mass - Correct Answer-as the ammount of matter that something has Weight - Correct Answer-as the force exerted on an objects mass by gravity Velocity - Correct Answer-the rate at which an object changes position displacemnt of any object / time Force - Correct Answer-is the push or pull that forces an object to change its speed or direction, Unit of force is called a newton Work - Correct Answer-as the force exerted on an object times the distance moved in the direction of the force. Work = Force X Distance Momentum - Correct Answer-the tendency of an object to continue moving the same direction momentum = mass X velocity Acceleration - Correct Answer-rate of change of veloicty acceleration = change in velocity / change in time Energy - Correct Answer-Capapcity to do work Potential energy - Correct Answer-energy storied in an object as a result of its position shape or state Kinetic energy - Correct Answer-the energy possessed by a moving object Engine - Correct Answer-generates power to drive the vechicles wheels and varrious accessories Cooling system - Correct Answer-removes excess heat from the engine C. This is where we see "falling stars" meteors that fall to the Earth and burn up the atmosphere Thermosphere - Correct Answer-temperature continues to increase with the altitude, with recorded temperatures reaching as high as 2,000 C as its upper limits which extends to several thousan kilmeters above the Earth Warm Front - Correct Answer-When a warm air mass overtakes a cold air mass As the warm air advances it rides ove the cold air ahead of it, which is heavier. As the warm air rises the water vapor in it condences into clouds that can produce rain snow leet or freezing rain - often all four Cold Front - Correct Answer-When a cold air mass overtakes a warm ar mass. Most cold fronts are precceded by a line of precpiptation as they roar across an area. Can produce very little or no precipitation as they move. Stationary Front - Correct Answer-Sometimes two air masses meet and neither is displaced. Instead the two fronts push against each other in a stalement. Stationary fronts often cause cloudy, wet weather that can last a week or more Stratus Clouds - Correct Answer-low-hanging, broad, flat clouse that blanket the sky. The lowest of low clouds. Can cause fog. Dark stratus clouds indicate that rain will soon occure Cumulus Clouds - Correct Answer-are massive clouds that are puffy like popcorns with relatively flat bottoms and rounded tops. When dark you can expect heavy rain Cirrus - Correct Answer-This wispy clouds that occure much higher in the atomsphere at elevations of 20,000 fett or more Internal combustion engines convert.. - Correct Answer-chemical energy i the air-fuel mixture into heat energy and thi heat energy is then converted into mechcnical energy A four-stroke cycle engine... - Correct Answer-requires two complete revolution of the crankshaft to complete one cycle of events It takes ____ strokes of the piston to complete one cycle of events - Correct Answer- four Four Stroke cycle beings with the - Correct Answer-intake Stroke Cylinder Arrangement - Correct Answer-Automotive engines can be bulit in a number of different configurations Most common number of cylinders in automobile enegines are - Correct Answer-four, six, and eight Inline design - Correct Answer-the simplest cylinder arrangement, all of the engines cylinders are lied up in a row. Inline fource cylinder engines are very popular in front - wheel dive cars with transverse (sideways) mounted engines. Most often found in small - to medium - sized vehicles Horizontally opposed or flat desing - Correct Answer-has all of the cylinders lying on the horizontal plane, with half of the cylinders facing away from the other hald and the crankshaft located between them. Camshaft location - Correct Answer-The camshaft is responsible for the pening and closing of the engines valves, and it is driven by the crankshaft through a timing chain or timing belt. ` Firing Order - Correct Answer-The order that the cylinders fire A common firing order for four-cylinder engines is - Correct Answer-1-3-4-2 Firing order of a V-8 engines is - Correct Answer-1-8-4-3-6-5-7-2 Disel engines are simple because - Correct Answer-they do not incorporate a sparl- ignition system also that a disel engine and most gasoline engines is that diesels inject their fuel directly into the combustion chamber Stoichimometric - Correct Answer-The ideal ratio of air to fuel, it is the responsibility of the engines fuel system to maintain that balance Air-Fuel Ratio - Correct Answer-a comparison of the weight of the air relative to the weight of the fuel that has been mixed with it. Is ideal air-Fuel ratio is 14.7: 1 Atomized - Correct Answer-When fuel is mixed with air by the fuel system, The fuel is directed into the air stream that is entering the engine Lean Mixtures - Correct Answer-When too much ait and not enough fuel would be described. Burn relatively slowly because there is greater space between the fuel molecules and it takes more tim for a flame to jump from particle to particles. Burn much hotter and thus can cause serious engine damage. Ration 17: 2 Radiator - Correct Answer-responsible for transferring heat from the collant to the outside air Radiator cap - Correct Answer-Responsible for maintaining pressure in the system and allowing coolant to transfer between the collant reservoir and the radiator. Coolant recovery bottle - Correct Answer-forms a reservoir for coolant to flow in and out of the cooling system as the engine increase and decreases in tempeature Air-cooling - Correct Answer-Where air is circulated over cooling fins on the outside of the engine to remove excess heat Water-Cooling - Correct Answer-used a liquid cooland to pick up excess heat and then rejects that heat through a radiator Water-pump - Correct Answer-responsible for moving coolant through the cooling system in order to transfer and control heat Water Jacket - Correct Answer-Hollow sections in the engine bloack and cylinder head that allow coolant to be transferred through them. Thermostat - Correct Answer-Controls enging temperature by allowing coolant to flow into the radiator when the coolant temperature rises above a certain level Bypass tube - Correct Answer-Allows coolant to flow back into the water pump from the cylinder head when the thermostat is closed Radiator hoses - Correct Answer-Flexible hoses that allow hot coolant to flow between the engine and the vehicles radiator Ignition timing - Correct Answer-is the time in the combustion cycle that a spark is generated at the spark plug Lubrication system - Correct Answer-Most critical system in terms of engine operation. Without this the internal parts of the engine would develop enough friction to stop the engine completely Fuel system - Correct Answer-responsbile for mainting the correct air-fuel mixtrue for efficient engine operation. Ignition System - Correct Answer-Most critical vehicle system, without it combustion cannot take place so the engine will not run. The ignition system must generate high- voltage sparks at the correct time in order to make the engine run smoothly and efficiently Radal tire - Correct Answer-Is known for its stable footprint and low rolling resistance Brake system - Correct Answer-of all the systems on a car, the most important may well be the nrake sustem, it is one thing to not be able to go, it is another thing again to not be able to stop Antilock Brakes - Correct Answer-prevent wheel lock under hard braking condition, this gives more control to the driver in slippery conditions and allows the vehicle to stopmore predictably Right-Hand Drill Bits - Correct Answer-cut by rotating clockwise direction Left-Hand Drill Bit - Correct Answer-made to cut in the opposite direction Hole Saws - Correct Answer-used for boring large holes. not adjustable so each one is only capable of drilling one size f a hole Variable Speed Drills - Correct Answer-desgined to operate over a range of speeds that can be determined by the position of the trigger Lineman Pliers - Correct Answer-used for cutting and bending heavy gauge wire Diagonal Cutter - Correct Answer-Pliers that made exclusively for cutting Needle Nose pliers - Correct Answer-used for holding small objects in tight places. Locking Pliers - Correct Answer-will lock tightly in place for holding or clamping objects together Soldering - Correct Answer-a process that joins metals by bonding a metal alloy to their srufaces Low temperatures Fasteners - Correct Answer-Most man-made assemblies are held together by this Nuts - Correct Answer-Thread onto bolt or machine screws to clamp assemblies together. They Will have either a square head or hexagonal head, and can be locked into position using several methods. Wing Nuts - Correct Answer-are used when it is necessary to disassemble a components by hand. The two "wings" are attached to the nut make it easy to tighten and loosen without the air of hand tools. Welding - Correct Answer-used when joining metals. High temperatures Castellated nut - Correct Answer-uses a cotter pin to lock it into place, which must pass through a hole in the bolt or stud that the unt its threaded on. Lock nuts - Correct Answer-nylon insert incorporated into its threads that provides enough interference to prevent the nut from loosening Consecutive numbers - Correct Answer-numbers that follow one after another in order, without any skipping Factor - Correct Answer-A positive interget that divides evenly into a given number with no remainder add fractions - Correct Answer-common denominator add up the numeratoes Multiply fractions - Correct Answer-Multiply the numerators and multiply the denominators DivideFractions - Correct Answer-invert the second fractions and multiply. Compare Fractions - Correct Answer-Multiply the numerator of the first fraction by the denominator of the second fraction to get a second product