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ATLS 10 POST-TEST EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
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Which of the following signs is LEAST reliable for diagnosing esophageal intubation? - ANSWER - >ETT above carina on chest xray Which of the following signs the necessitates a definitive airway in severe trauma patients? - ANSWER - >severe maxillofacial fractures Twenty-seven patients are seriously injured in an aircraft crash at a local airport. The principles of triage include - ANSWER -
produce the greatest number of survivors based on available resources Which of the following statements is correct? - ANSWER - >. Cerebral contusions may coalesce to form an intracerebral hematoma An 18-ycar-old male is brought to the emergenc} department after having been shot. He has one bullet wound just below the right clavicle and another just below the costal margin in the right posterior axillary line. His blood pressure is110/60 mm Hg. heart rate is 90 beats per minute, and respiratory rate is 34 breaths per minute. After ensuring a patent airway and inserting 2 large caliber IVlines., the next appropriate step is to: - ANSWER - obtain a portable chest x-ray
A 47-year-old house painter is brought to the hospital after falling 6 meters (20 feet) from a ladder and landing straddled on a fence. Examination of his perineum reveals extensive ecchymosis. There is a blood in the external urethral meatus. The initial diagnostic study for the evaluation of the urinary tract in this patient should be: - ANSWER - >. retrograde urethrography Neurogenic shock has all of the following classic characteristics except which one? - ANSWER narrowed pulse pressure Which one of the following statements is false concerning Rh isoimmunization in pregnant trauma patients? - ANSWER - >Rh immunoglobulin therapy should be administered to pregnant females who have sustained a gunshot wound to the leg. An 18-year-old motorcyclist sustains massive facial injuries in a head-on crash with a pick-up truck. He is brought to the emergency department completely immobilized on a long spine board and wearing a cervical collar. His blood pressure is 150/ mmHg, heart rate is 88 beats per minute and regular, and respiratory rate is 26 breaths per minute. His respirations are labored and sonorous. His Glasgow Coma Scale score is 7. Attempts at orotracheal intubation with manual inline stabi - ANSWER - >surgical cricothyroidotomy a 25-year-old male is brought to the hospital after sustaining partial and full-thickness burns involving 60% of his body surface area. His right arm and hand are severely burned. There are obvious full-thickness burns of the entire right hand and a
A 30-year-old male sustains a gunshot wound to the right lower chest,. He is brought by ambulance to a hospital that has full surgical capabilities. In the emergency department he is endotracheally intubated, 2 liters of crystalloid solution are infused rapidly through two large IV,a closed tube thoracost the return of 200 mL of blood. A chest x-ray reveals correct placement of the chest tube and a small residual hemothorax. His blood pressure is now 70/0 mmHg, and his heart rate is 140 - ANSWER - >perform a laparotomy in the operating room You are treating a trauma patient and attempt a definitive airway by intubation. However, the vocal cords are not visible. What tool would be the most valuable for achieving successful intubation? - ANSWER - >gum elastic bougie A 79-year-old female is involved in a motor vehicle crash and presents to the emergency department. She is on Coumadin and a beta-blocker. Which of the following statements is true concerning her management? - ANSWER - >Vigorous fluid resuscitation may be associated with cardiorespiratory failure t tud to an underwater seal drainage collection system with negative pressure. A repeat AP portable chest x-ray demonstrates a residual, large right pneumothorax. After transferring the patient to a verified trauma center, a third chest x- ray reveals a persistent right pneumothorax. The chest tube appears to be funcioning and in good position. He remains hemodynamically normal with no signs of respiratory distress. The
most likely cause for his persistent right pneumothorax is: - ANSWER - >tracheobronchial injury A 22-year-old female who is 6 months pregnant presents following a motor vehicle crash. Paramedics report vaginal bleeding. What is the initial step in her treatment? - ANSWER -
ask the patient what her name is A construction worker falls from a scaffold and is transferred to the emergency department. His heart rate is 124 and blood pressure is 85/60 mmHg. He complains of lower abdominal pain. After assessing the airway and chest, immobilizing the c-spine, and initiating fluid resuscitation, the next step is to perform - ANSWER - >. FAST exam A 22-year-old male sustains a shotgun wound to the left shoulder and chest at close range. His blood pressure is 80/40 mmHg, and his heart rate is 130 beats per minute. After 2 liters of crystalloid solution are rapidly infused, his blood pressure increases to 122/84 mmHg, and heart rate decreases to 100 beats per minute. He is tahypneic, with a respiratory rate of 28 breaths perreturn of 200 mL of blood and no air leak. The most appropriate next step is to - ANSWER - >repeat the physical examination of the chest Which one of the following statements concerning spine and spinal cord trauma is true? - ANSWER - >Diaphragmatic breathing in an unconscious patient who has fallen is a sign of c-spine injury
- Neurogenic shock is: - ANSWER - >initially managed with vasopressor therapy 23 - year-old male is admitted to the emergency department directly after sustaining fullthickness burns to his head, arms, and upper torso, totaling 50% of his total body surface area. He weighs 80 kg (185 pounds). His blood pressure is 105/75 mmHg and heart rate is 135 beats per minute. A urinary catheter is inserted with the return of 20 mL of dark amber urine. He has received 1000 mL of Ringer's lactate solution since the time of his injury. Using the Parkland - ANSWER - >875 mL A 34-year-old female involved in a motor vehicle crash is brought to the emergency department. She is talking, but her voice is hoarse and on exposure she has diagonal bruising of the chest and anterior neck. What is the next step? - ANSWER - >. oxygen by non-rebreathing mask . Compared with adults, children have: - ANSWER - >lower incidence of bony injury with neurogenic shock A 30-year-old male presents following a motor vehicle crash. Vital signs areL respiratory rate 18, heart rate 88, blood pressure 130/72 mmHg, and Glasgow Coma Scale score
- Laparotomy is indicated when: - ANSWER - >CT demonstrates retroperitoneal air A 20-year-old male is brought to the hospital approximately 30 minutes after being stabbed in the chest. There is a 3-centimeter
wound just medial to the left nipple. His blood pressure is 70/ mmHg, and heart rate is 140. Neck and arm veins are distended. Breath sounds are normal. Heart sounds are diminished. IV access has been established and warm crystalloid is infusing. The next most important aspect of immediate management is: - ANSWER - >FAST exam A 35-year-old motorcyclist is brought in after a frontal impact collision. His vital signs are: heart rate 140, blood pressure 86/ mmHg, and respiratory rate 36. Breath sounds are normal. He is complaining bitterly of lower abdominal pain. There seems to be a leg-length discrepancy and external rotation of the left leg. Which one of the following statements concerning this patients is true? - ANSWER - >X-rays of the chest and pelvis are important in the initial evaluatin A 35-year-old female falls down a flight of stairs. She has extensive bruising of her face and head. Her heart rate is 120, blood pressure is 90/70 mmHg, and respiratory rate is 26. The patient's condition is most readily explained by: - ANSWER - >. hypovolemia from abdominal or pelvic injury Which one of the following statements is true concerning cranial anatomy? - ANSWER - >The choroid plexus, which produces cerebrospinal fluid, lies in the lateral and third ventricles A 22-year-old woman falls while skiing. She presents on a spine board with cervical collar, oxygen mask at 5 L, and two antecubital IVs. Her Glasgow Coma Scale score is 12, pupils are equal, blood pressure is 135/76 mmHg, heart rate is 105, and
