ATI NUTRITION PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2023-2024, Exams of Nursing

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ATI NUTRITION PRACTICE QUESTIONS

WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST

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A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has dementia, gets up frequently to pace during meals, and eats sparingly. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? -provide finger foods for the client A nurse is providing teaching about nutrients to a client. Which of the following statements should the nurse include? -protein builds and repairs body tissue What is the primary function of protein? -building & repairing body tissues (muscles, tendons, collagen) -skin, hair, nails What can impair wound healing? -diet low in protein What does protein in the form of hemoglobin transport? -oxygen What does protein in the form of albumin transport? -medications When does ketosis develop? -the body relies on only fats to meet energy needs -carbs prevent this What do fats do? -help regulate body temperature -provides a protective layer when the environmental temp drops A nurse is completing dietary teaching with a client who has heart failure and is prescribed a 2 g sodium diet. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? -I can have yogurt as a dessert

What can be used in a low sodium diet? -spices, vinegar t/f... Baking soda is high in sodium. -true t/f... Yogurt is low in fat & sodium & is a good source of calcium & protein. -true t/f... Canned veggies are low in sodium. -false t/f... Frozen/fresh veggies are low in sodium. -true A nurse is teaching a client who is beginning a vegan diet and is concerned about maintaining an adequate protein intake. Which of the following food servings should the nurse recommend due to the high amount of protein? -1/2 cup of hummus What is the best food source to recommend to a person who is on a vegan diet & wants to eat protein? -hummus -9.7 g of protein per 1/2 cup serving How much protein is in tomato soup? -1.08 g per 1/2 cup How much protein is in peanut butter? -7.11 per 2 tbsp How much protein is in penne pasta? -5.81 g per cup A nurse is planning an in-service training session about nutrition. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? -fats provide energy What do fats do in the body? -serve as stored energy source providing 9cal/g of energy

What do proteins do in the body? -play a role in tissue repair -regulate fluid balance -prevents interstitial edema An appropriate amount of _____ in the blood keeps interstitial edema from occurring? -albumin A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following actions should the nurse take? -check the client's capillary blood glucose level every 4 hr A nurse is creating a plan of care for a client who adheres to Kosher dietary laws. Which of the following food selections should the nurse recommend? -grilled salmon A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has constipation. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? -eat yogurt with live cultures What is Bismuth Subsalicylate? -antidiarrheal agent -increase constipation How does fiber effect diet? -increasing gradually can prevent constipation -low-fiber recommended for diarrhea A nurse is planning an in-service training session regarding nutrition. Which of the following minerals should the nurse identify as involved in oxygen transportation? -iron What does iron do in the body? -transports O2 by hemoglobin & myoglobin -component of enzyme systems What does zinc do in the body? -tissue growth -wound healing -supports immune function What does phosphorus do in the body?

-bone & teeth formation -energy metabolism What does magnesium do in the body? -affects enzyme, neurochemical activity, & excitability of cardiac & skeletal muscles A nurse is providing teaching about calcium intake to a client who is breastfeeding. Which of the following is the recommended daily calcium intake for a client who is breastfeeding? -1000 mg A nurse is providing teaching about nutritious diets to a group of adult women. Which of the following statements should the nurse include? -include 2.5 cups of vegetables in your daily diet How much sodium should a person take daily? -moderation -less than 2.5 g daily -excessive intake = HTN A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving radiation therapy for breast cancer and reports a metallic taste in the mouth. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse share with the client? -offer mints A nurse is providing teaching to a young adult client who has a history of calcium oxalate renal calculi. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? -consume 1000 mg of dietary calcium daily What is the recommended amount of calcium intake for ages 19-50? -1000 mg daily What should clients who are prone to renal calculi limit/avoid in their diet? -beverages w/ a high sugar content (fruit punch/juice) -supplements (vit C) -bran A nurse in a pediatric clinic is talking with the parent of a toddler who states that her child will not sit at the table to eat with the family. She asks the nurse for recommendations for "finger foods" for her child. Which of the following foods should the nurse suggest? -slices of ripe banana How much fruit should a toddler have per day? -8 oz (1cup)

What are some foods that have a choking hazards for toddlers? -popcorn -chunks of cheese -raisins -hot dogs -sausages -tough meat -raw carrots -nuts -seeds A nurse is presenting an in-service training session about nutrition. How many of the amino acids must be obtained from dietary intake?

What are proteins made up of? -amino acids (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen) What are the 9 amino acids are considered essential for the body & must be obtained by diet? -histidine -isoleucine -leucine -lysine -methionine -phenylalanine -threonine -tryptophan -valine How many amino acids are there in total?

How many amino acids is the body able to manufacture & are considered nonessential?

A nurse is planning care for a client who is postoperative following gastrectomy. Which of the following strategies should the nurse include to help prevent dumping syndrome? -eliminate simple sugars & sugar alcohols from the client's diet What sugars increase hypertonicity & propel food through the intestines faster? -sugar, honey, sugar alcohols (sorbitol & xylitol)

A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client. The nurse determines the client's body mass index is 21.2. This finding is classified as which of the following? -healthy weight A BMI of 18.5-24.9 is considered what? -heathy weight A BMI below 18.5 is considered what? -underweight, health risk A BMI from 25-29.9 is considered what? -overweight A BMI greater than or equal to 30 is considered what? -obese A nurse is caring for a client who has xerostomia with a lack of saliva. Which of the following nutrients will be affected by the lack of salivary amylase? -starch What does lipase do? -break down fats What does pepsin do? -break down proteins A nurse in a provider's office is reviewing the medical records of a group of clients. Which of the following clients is at risk for iron deficiency? (SATA) -a client who is a vegetarian -a client who is pregnant -a toddler who is overweight How much does iron intake increase to in pregnant women? -27 mg per day A nurse is planning an in-service training session about various dietary practices. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include in the teaching? -Kosher diets have restrictions regarding how the food must be prepared What is a Kosher diet guided by? -a set of laws regarding the processing, preparation, & eating of food What are Ovo-vegetarian diets?

-primarily vegetable-based diets that exclude mean & dairy except for eggs What are Macrobiotic diets? -primarily plant-based but do include fish & seafood What are Flexitarian diets? -primarily plant-based w/ the occasional consumption of meat, fish, & dairy products A nurse is planning an in-service training session about nutrition. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include? -protein serves as an energy source when other sources are inadequate What does protein break down? -amino acids What do protein break down into? -ammonia How many cal/g of energy do carbohydrates provide?

How many cal/g of energy do fats provide?

A nurse is teaching a group of parents of toddlers about measures to reduce the risk of choking. Which of the following foods increase the risk of choking in toddlers? SATA -hot dogs -grapes -bagels -marshmallows A nurse is educating a client who is at 10 weeks gestation and reports frequent nausea and vomiting. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? -you should eat dry foods that are high in carbs when you wake up A nurse is caring for a group of clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which of the following disorders should the nurse identify as increasing the client's metabolic needs? SATA -COPD -cancer -parkinson's disease -major burns A nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving chemotherapy and has a protein deficiency. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? SATA

-mix powdered skim milk into liquid milk -add a slice of cheese to hot vegetables -mix yogurt into fresh fruit A nurse is teaching a client with chronic kidney disease about predialysis dietary recommendations. The nurse should recommending restricting the intake of which of the following nutrients? -protein What is the most common food group that is restricted in clients who has chronic kidney disease? -protein limitations A nurse is teaching the parent of a school-age child who has celiac disease. Which of the following foods selected by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching? -corn tortilla with black beans What kind of diet do people with Celiac disease have? -gluten free What foods have gluten in them? -wheat, ray, barley A nurse is teaching a client with heart disease about a low-cholesterol diet. Which of the following client statements indicates the teaching was effective? -I should remove the skin from poultry before eating it How many times a week should a client w/ heart diesease & is on a low-cholesterol diet eat seafood? -2x per week bc it is high in omega 3 fatty acids A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving radiation therapy for mouth cancer and reports a dry mouth. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse provide? -use gravies or sauces to soften food A nurse is teaching dietary-modification strategies to a client who has been newly diagnosed with cirrhosis. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend? -grilled chicken A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. The client states, "I eat pasta every day. I can't imagine giving it up." Which of the following responses should the nurse provide? -you don't have to give up pasta; just adjust the amount you eat A nurse is teaching a group of clients about the functions of the liver and gallbladder. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching as the purpose of bile? -digesting fats

What is chyme? -semi-sold mixture of food & gastric secretions -formed in stomach What is gastrin? -hormone produced by stomach mucosa -stimulates release of gastric secretions during digestion What is glycogen? -stored in liver -released in form of glucose to meet body's energy needs A nurse is planning an in-service training session for a group of nurses regarding the role of enzymes in digestion. Which of the following enzymes plays a role in digestion of protein? -pepsin What is amylase secreted by? -pancreas & intestines What is lipase secreted by? -pancreas -What is steapsin secreted by? -gastric mucosa A nurse is assessing a client's nutritional status. The nurse determines the client is consuming 500n calories more per day than his energy level requires. If his dietary habits do not change, how long will it take the client to gain 4.5 kg (10 lb)? -10 weeks A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a prescription for a low-sodium diet to manage hypertension. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? -I can snack on fresh fruit A nurse is providing postoperative teaching about the management of dumping syndrome to a client who had a partial gastrectomy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? -eat protein with each meal A nurse is providing nutritional counseling for a client who is pregnant. Which of the following nutrients should the nurse instruct the client to increase in her daily diet? -iron

A provider tells a client at 12 weeks gestation who practices Hinduism that she needs more protein in her diet and suggests eating more meat. After the provider leaves the examination room, the client tells the nurse that eating animal products will cause her to miscarry. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? -let's discuss other foods that are also high in protein that you could substitute for meat A nurse is planning dietary teaching for a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take first? -identify the recommended range of the client's blood glucose level A nurse is updating the plan of care for a client who has dumping syndrome. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? -eat a source of protein with each meal A nurse is caring for a client who has protein malnutrition. Which of the following foods should the nurse identify as a source of complete protein? -eggs What is an incomplete protein? -missing one or more of the essential amino acids necessary to support growth and maintain homeostasis Examples of incomplete proteins -cereal -peanut butter -pasta -lentils -vegetables -grains -nuts -seeds A nurse is caring for a client who has a BMI of 29 and expresses a desire to lose weight. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? -determine the client's intention to change current eating habits A nurse is presenting an in-service training session about nutrition. Which of the following simple sugars should the nurse identify as the carbohydrate found in the milk? -lactose What is lactose? -form of sugar found in milk

What is sucrose? -table sugar -found in fruits and vegetables What is maltose? -found in germinating cereals -barley What is fructose? -found in honey & fruit A nurse is caring for a client who has a deficiency of vitamin D. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend the client include in his diet? -whole milk What vitamins are found in whole milk? -vit A & K -fortified w/ vit D What vitamins are found in chicken? -B2, B3, B6, B -pantothenic acid What vitamins are found in oranges? -vit C What vitamins are found in dried peas? -B -folate -pantothenic acid A nurse is reviewing a client's 24 hr dietary recall. The client reports eating a slice of toasted white bread with butter, a banana, a glass of milk for lunch; an apple and cheddar cheese for a snack; and 2 servings of chicken, 2 cups of steamed broccoli, and a glass of milk for dinner. This client's diet is deficient in which of the following food groups? -grains What is the recommended serving for grains per day? -3 or more ounce-equivalents What is the recommended serving of dairy per day? -3 servings

What is the recommended serving of vegetables per day? -2.5 cups What is the recommended serving of fruit per day? -2 servings A nurse is caring for a client who has peripheral edema. The nurse should identify that which of the following nutrients regulates extracellular fluid volume? -sodium What does sodium do in the body? -regulates extracellular fluid balance -nerve impulse transmission -acid-base balance -cellular activities What does calcium do in the body? -supports bone & tooth formation -facilitates nerve impulse transmission What does potassium do in the body? -affects storage of glycogen -nerve impulse transmission -cardiac conduction -smooth muscle contraction A nurse in a provider's office is teaching a client about foods that are high in fiber. Which of the following food choices made by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? SATA -black beans -whole-grain bread Examples of foods high in fiber -dried peas & beans -whole grains w/ entire kernel -fresh fruits -brown rice A nurse is teaching a client who has lactose intolerance about dietary modifications. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend? -soy cheese Examples of food that might contain lactose

-bread -breakfast cereals -luncheon meats -margarine -salad dressings -instant mashed potatoes -instant soups A nurse is teaching about a low-cholesterol diet to a client who has a myocardial infarction. Which of the following meal selections by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? -chicken breast and corn on the cob Examples of food high in cholesterol -shrimp -eggs -cheese -liver (organ meats) A nurse is caring for a client from the Middle East who has celiac disease. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform regarding the client's diet? -determine the client's dietary preferences A nurse is assessing a client. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of protein-calorie malnourishment? SATA -dry, brittle hair -edema -poor wound healing A nurse is caring for a client who has osteoporosis and a new prescription for a calcium supplements. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend to promote calcium absorption? -fortified milk Adults up to age 70 need ____ international units of vitamin D per day & ___ international units thereafter? -600, 800 What food is a good source of potassium & can reduce bone loss? -bananas What food is a good source of vitamin C & is important for bone matrix formation? -broccoli What food is a good source of vitamin K?

-green leafy vegetables A nurse is planning care for a client who has anorexia and nausea due to cancer treatment. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include? -limit drinking liquids with food A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client with AIDS who has stomatitis of the mouth. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? -you can suck on popsicles to numb your mouth A nurse is providing teaching to a female client who has a new prescription for pravastatin to treat hyperlipidemia. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include in the teaching? -pravastatin can be taken with grapefruit juice Can pregnant women take pravastatin? -no -can cause fetal anomalies When should a patient take pravastatin? -evening is recommended as the synthesis of cholesterol increases during the night, increase the efficacy of the med -take at bedtime A nurse is reviewing the laboratory reports of a client who is receiving enteral feedings. Which of the following values indicates a complication of enteral feeding that the nurse should report to the provider? -BUN 25 mg/dL Range for BUN -10-20 mg/dL Range for sodium -135-145 mEq/L Range for potassium -3.5-5.0 mEq/L A nurse is caring for a client who is recovering at home after inpatient treatment for burn injuries. To increase the protein density of the client's meals, which of the following recommendations should the nurse make to the client's caregiver? -add chopped hard-boiled eggs to soups and casseroles A nurse is reviewing the dietary choices of a client who has chronic pancreatitis. Which of the following food items should the nurse suggest removing from the client's menu for the following day?

-ice cream A home health nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving chemotherapy and has neutropenia. Which of the following foods should the nurse include in the client's plan of care? -baked chicken A nurse is planning care for a client who has AIDS and has developed stomatitis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? -avoid salty foods What is stomatitis? -inflammation of the mucosa of the mouth, usually w/ ulcerations A nurse is providing nutritional teaching to a group of clients. Which of the following definitions for the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) should the nurse include in the teaching? -the RDA defines the level of nutrient intake that meets the needs of healthy people in various groups A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of pernicious anemia. The nurse should expect the client's provider to prescribe which of the following medications for this client? -vitamin B 12 A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has dumping syndrome following gastric bypass surgery 4 days ago. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse include in the teaching? -maintain a supine position after meals A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has gout and urolithiasis. The client asks how to prevent future uric acid stones. Which of the following suggestions should the nurse provide? SATA -take allopurinol as prescribed -exercise several times a week -limit intake of foods high in purine A nurse is providing teaching to a client regarding protein intake. Which of the following foods should the nurse include as an example of an incomplete protein? -lentils A nurse is providing teaching about nutrition to an older adult client. The client asks, "Don't I need the same amount of nutrients that I did when I was younger?" Which of the following responses should the nurse make? -older adults need an increased amount of calcium What should increase in amount in older adults -calcium -vit D, B12, A

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has end-stage renal disease and reports fatigue. The client's hemoglobin level is 8g/dL. The nurse should expect a prescription for which of the following medications? -erythropoietin What does erythropoietin do? -stimulates the production of RBCs -used to treat anemia associated w/ chronic renal failure What is calcitriol used for? -prevent hypocalcemia in pts w/ chronic kidney disease A nurse is providing teaching about food choices to a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? -I should replace white bread with whole-grain bread A nurse is caring for a client who has scurvy. Which of the following vitamin deficiencies should the nurse identify as the cause of this disease? -vitamin C What are the vitamin A deficiency manifestations? -night blindness -immunodeficiency What are the vitamin C deficiency manifestations? -delayed wound healing -capillary fragility What are the vitamin B3 deficiency manifestations? -pellagra -scaly rash on sun-exposed skin -confusion -paranoia -diarrhea What are the vitamin D deficiency manifestations? -rickets -osteomalacia -bowed legs -fractures -malformed teeth

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory findings of a client who has protein-calorie malnutrition. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? -decreased albumin A nurse is caring for an infant who has gastroenteritis and is dehydrated. Which of the following characteristics places the infant at a higher risk of electrolyte imbalances compared to an adult client? -longer intestinal tract A nurse is teaching an assistive personnel (AP) about dietary restrictions for a client who is taking phenelzine to treat depression. The AP's selection of which of the following foods for the client's lunch indicates an understanding of the teaching? -chicken salad A nurse is assisting a client who has dysphagia with eating meals. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? -ask the client to think of food that produces salivation Recommendations for pts with dysphagia -thick liquids are easy to manage -only drink fluids after clearing the mouth of food -rest before meals to avoid fatigue A nurse is caring for a client who has diverticulitis and a new prescription for a low-fiber diet. Which of the following food items should the nurse remove from the client's meal tray? -coleslaw What food should pts following a low-fiber diet avoid? -most raw vegetables A nurse is conducting dietary teaching for a client who has AIDS. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? -use a separate cutting board for poultry A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has COPD about maintaining proper nutrition. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? -I will eat more cold foods at meals rather than hot foods A nurse is caring for a client during her first prenatal visit and notes that she is lactose-intolerant. Which of the following foods should the nurse include on a list of calcium sources for this client? -collard greens A nurse is providing teaching to the guardian of a child who has celiac disease. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the guardian to omit from the child's diet?

-wheat bread A nurse is talking with the parent of a preschool-aged child who tells the nurse, "My child has suddenly become disinterested in certain foods." Which of the following statements should the nurse make? -keep a diary of the foods your child eats each day A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has chronic renal failure. Which of the following food choices by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? -grilled fish What foods can minimize the risk of worsening chronic renal failure? -fresh fish -poultry Examples of food high in sodium -canned soup -pastrami -peanut butter A nurse is conducting dietary teaching with a client who has a history of renal calculi. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? -drink 3.8 L (4qt) of water throughout the day A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving intermittent enteral feedings through an NG tube. The specific gravity of the client's urine is 1.035. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? -provide more water with feedings