ATI TEAS Test Science-with 100% verified solutions- -2024.docx, Exams of Nursing

Download ATI TEAS Test Science-with 100% verified solutions- -2024.docx and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! ATI TEAS Test Science-with 100% verified solutions- -2024 An organism with chloroplasts in its cells is probably. a. a heterotroph b. an autotroph c. an herbivore d. a primary consumer Correct Ans - B: Organisms that have chloroplasts in their cells carry on photosynthesis and are therefore autotrophs. Autotrophs make their own food. What property of water allows someone to fill a glass slightly above the rim without the water flowing over? a. specific gravity b. capillarity c. opacity d. surface tension Correct Ans - D: Water molecules are polar. Due to the fact that O2 draws the electrons in the molecule toward itself. The spaces between neurons are called? a. synapses b. dendrites c. inter- neurons d. cell gaps Correct Ans - A: An impulse travels down the axon of a neuron and reaches the terminus. There, chemicals are released in response, which travel across the synapse to the next neuron. Thus the impulse is transmitted to the next neuron. Which Group of chemicals is not normally found in most living things? a. carbohydrates b. proteins c. silicates d. nucleic acids Correct Ans - C: Carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids (RNA and DNA) are all very important chemicals in living things. The alimentary canal is associated with the? a. spinal cord b. digestive system c. urinary tract d. birth canal Correct Ans - B: The alimentary canal begins at the mouth and ends at the anus. The numerous villi in the small intestine serve to? a. secrete enzymes for digestion b. absorb water from dissolved foods c. secrete hydrochloric acid to dissolve food d. provide greater surface for absorption Correct Ans -C: the formula for converting temperature in Celsius to temperature in Fahrenheit is: T Fahrenheit = 9/5 x T Celsius + 32, therefore 5 degrees Celsius convert to 41 degrees Fahrenheit. 9/5 x 5 = 9 9 + 31 = 41F Which of these formulas represents an alcohol? a. C2H5OC2H5 b. C3H8 c. CH3COOH d. C2H5OH Correct Ans - D: An alcohol is usually characterized structurally by the presence of an OH group attached to a hydrocarbon. If a car's rate of change of velocity is negative, the car is? a. speeding up b. maintaining a constant speed c. slowing down d. stopped Correct Ans - C: If a car's rate of change of velocity is negative, the car's acceleration is negative. this means that the car is decelerating (slowing down). Consider the unbalanced equation N2+ H2 > NH3. What is the coefficient of ammonia in the balanced equation that has the smallest whole-number coefficient? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 Correct Ans - B: When balancing an equation, the number of atoms of each element must be the same on both sides of the equation: N2+3H2 > 2NH3 Which of these nitrogenous bases may be found in RNA, but not DNA? a. uracil b. adenine c. thymine d. guanine Correct Ans - A: Uracil is found in RNA but not DNA. Thymine is found in DNA but not in RNA. Guanine, cytosine and adenine are found in both. A substance with a ph of 8 is a? a. strong acid b. weak acid c. strong base d. weak base Correct Ans - D: A substance with a ph between 8 and 14 is basic. The closer the substance gets to a ph of 14, the more basic it is. Binary fission in paramecia and budding in yeast cells are examples of? a. asexual reproduction only b. sexual reproduction only c. spontaneous generation and sexual reproduction d. both sexual and asexual reproduction Correct Ans - A: Binary fission and budding are both examples of asexual reproduction, because cell division in both cases depends on mitosis. b. ethanol c. water. d. glycerol Correct Ans - C: Water molecules are attracted to each other by hydrogen bonds. The others are not dipoles, so the attraction between the molecules is minimal. In humans, if the diaphragm is pushed upward there is a decrease in chest volume. this decrease is followed by? a. an increase in pressure in the chest cavity and inhalation b. an increase n pressure in the chest cavity and exhalation c. a decrees in pressure in the chest cavity and inhalation d. a decrease in pressure in the chest cavity and exhalation Correct Ans - B: A decrease in volume results in an increase in pressure (Boyle's law) and thus exhalation. Which of these biological processes includes the other three? a. cell respiration b Krebs cycle c. electron transport chain d. anaerobic splitting of glucose Correct Ans - A: Cellular respiration begins with the splitting of glucose. The products then enter the Kreb's cycle and then the electron transport chain. A 5-year-old and her father each lifted identical chairs from the floor to the table top. Which person did the most work? a. the father b. the 5-year-old c. they both did the same amount d. not enough information is given Correct Ans - C: Work done is independent of who is doing it. Since both people move the object over the same distance and use the same force, they do the same amount of work. An excess of which of these ions tends to make a solution acidic? a. chloride b. hydroxyl c. hydronium d. sodium Correct Ans - C: Hydronium ions, or H3O+, are essentially hydrogen ions combined with a nearby water molecule. In essence, acids are characterized by the presence of hydrogen or hydronium ions. In the classification of two organisms, which of the following is the best evidence of a close relationship? a. similar number and arrangement of bones b. similar sequence of amino acids in their proteins c. similar methods of sexual reproduction d. similar methods of cell respiration Correct Ans - B: A similarity in amino acids suggests a similarity in the structure of the DNA and thus a close relationship between the organisms. In Einstein's equation, E=mc2, which does C represent? a. the quantum numbers of the atoms involved b. the number of coulombs c. the number of calories of heat d. the speed of light Correct Ans -D: Einstein's equation, E=MC2, means energy = mass x (speed of light)2 the vaporization of solid dry ice to gaseous carbon dioxide by heating is an example of? a. sublimation b. evaporation c. precipitation d. condensation Correct Ans - A: Sublimation is the direct vaporization of a solid by heating, without passing through a liquid state. On top of a mountain, the boiling point of water is? a. lower then at sea level, because the atmospheric pressure is higher on the mountain b. lower then at sea level, because the atmospheric pressure is lower on the mountain c. the same as at sea level, because the atmospheric pressure is the same in both locations d. higher then at sea level, because the atmospheric pressure is lower on the mountains Correct Ans - B: The boiling point of a solution is the temperature at which the vapor pressure is equal to the pressure of the atmosphere. Suppose cube A is 10cm along each edge and cube B is 5 cm along each edge. What is the relationship of the volume of cube A to that of Cube B? a. cube A has two times the volume of cube B b. cube A has four times the volume of cube B c. cube A has six times the volume of cube B d. cube A has eight time the volume of cube B Correct Ans - D: Cube A has a volume of 1,000 cm3, whereas cube B has a volume of 125 cm3. Cube A has 8 times the volume of cube B. Which of these substances is a product of cellular respiration in animals? a. ATP b. RNA c. ethanol d. oxygen Correct Ans - A: Cellular respiration is an energy-yielding process that releases ATP (adenosine triphosphate) from organic molecules. The tiny projections in the small intestine adapted for absorption are called? a. venules d. 2 Correct Ans - B: Since the equal-arm balance is balanced at a ration of 20 washers to 10 bolts, the weight of the bolts must be double that of the washers. Two washers are equivalent in mass to 1 bolt. Thus, 4 bolts are equivalent in mass to 8 washers. An increase of 4 bolts on one side will require 8 washers on the other side to maintain the balance. Compounds with different molecular structures but but the same formula are called? a. isomers b. isobars c. isotopes d. isotherms Correct Ans - A: Isomers are compounds that have the same formula but different molecular structure. Isobars indicate the same pressure. Isotopes are atoms with the same atomic number but different mass numbers, and isotherms indicate the same temperature. A student wanted to test the effects of different sugars on the growth of a certain mold. The sugars to be tested were glucose, fructose, and sucrose. One gram of each sugar was placed in a tube of 10 mL of water, and a bit of the mold was put in each of the three solutions. To add a control to the experiment, the student should also have? a. made two b. Correct Ans - C: A control for this experiment would be to grow the mold in just water so that the results of the mold growth with sugar can be compared to the mold growth without sugar. Vinegar is a common antidote for the ingestion of lye. What is the chemical process underlying this treatment? a. digestion b. alkalinizatio n c. oxidation d. neutralization Correct Ans - D: Vinegar, an acid, neutralizes lye, a base. Undisturbed layers of rock were examined. Mammal, fish, and bird fossils were found only in the upper layers. Fish were in layers beneath those, and neither fish, birds, nor mammals were in the deepest layers. This would tend to support the hypothesis that? a. vertebrates always coexisted with invertebrates b. fish were the first vertebrates to evolve c. all vertebrates evolved at about the same time d. birds evolved before fish Correct Ans - B: New layers of sediment cover old ones and provide a record of emergence of flora and fauna. the fish were the only fossils found in the layers beneath the upper layers, indicating that they evolved first. Blue litmus paper will turn red when placed in a solution having which of the following ph values? a. 14 b. 12 c. 7 d. 3 Correct Ans - D: Blue litmus paper turns red when placed in an acid solution. A ph below 7 indicates an acid. Given the unbalanced equation KClO3 > KCl +O2 What is the coefficient of O2 in the balanced equation? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 Correct Ans -C: A balanced equation contains the same number of atoms of each element on both sides of the written reaction: 2KClO3 > 2KCl + 3O2. The compound H2SO4 is an example of? a. a salt b. a base c. an acid d. a halogen Correct Ans -C: H2SO4 is sulfuric acid. Acid may be defined as substances that release hydrogen ions in solution as the only positive ions. they may also be seen as protons donors. Bases release hydroxide ions, and salts have neither H+ or OH- ions. Halogens are elements. Many people believe that some trees drop their leaves in the late fall because the temperature is near freezing. Which of the following statements least supports this idea? a. Maple trees in northern Minnesota drop their leaves in late fall. b. Maple trees growing near city lights stay green longer than those far from the lights. c. Maple trees pass through a time of near freezing before they bud d. Maple trees in southern Florida drop their leaves in late fall Correct Ans - D: The statement supports the idea that leaves are dropped due to the temperature, because the temperature in southern Florida in late fall is not freezing, yet the leaves are dropping. The key word in the question is "least". Which of the following is considered a principal ecological role of green plants in the environment? a. providing shade to regulate the environmental temperature b. using the mineral content of the soil c. providing nesting places for animals d. manufacturing food from simple materials Correct Ans - D: Plants undergo photosynthesis, which allows them to make glucose from the simple materials carbon dioxide and water. In a flask containing 500 mL of NaCl(aq), the solvent is? a. Na+ b. H2O c. Cl- d. NaCl(s) Correct Ans - B: The notation "(aq)" refers to an aqueous solution, indicating that the solvent is water. plant b. leaf of a moss c. skin of a mouse d. stem of a fern Correct Ans - C: A centrosome is an organelle found in animal cells. Ohm's law is used tin the study of? a. electricity b. mechanics c. thermodynamics d. optics Correct Ans - A: Ohm's law applies to the study of electricity. It states that voltage (V) is proportional to current (I) and resistance (R):V=IR. A cloud chamber is a device used for? a. studying the formation of weather systems b. recreating the atmosphere of the primitive earth c. treating a respiratory infection d. studying charged particles Correct Ans -D: A cloud chamber makes the paths of ionizing radiation rays visible. the device reveals the paths of high-speed charged particles. Which of these temperatures could not occur? a. -0 C b. -10 K c. 2,000 F d. 104 C Correct Ans - B: Zero Kelvin is absolute zero, which is the lowest possible temperate; therefor, -10 Kelvin does not exist. Which organisms are classified as protists? a. protozoa, bacteria, and worms b. fungi, ferns, and mollusks c. monkeys, apes, and man d. protozoa and algae Correct Ans - D: Bacteria are in the kingdom Monera. Worms, mollusks, humans, apes and monkeys are in the kingdom Animalia. Ferns are in the kingdom Plantae, and fungus is in the kingdom Fungi. Protozoa and algae are Protists.. How much of 12g of a radioactive isotope with a half-life of 20 years will be left after 40 years? a. 0g b. 3g c. 6g d. 8g Correct Ans - B: Half-life is the amount of time it takes for one half of the mass of a sample of radioactive substance to decay. In 20 years a 12-g isotope with a half-life of 20 years will be 6g. Twenty years after the the isotope will be 3g. Two atoms are isotopes if they have the same atomic number but a different number of? a. neutrons b. mesons c. electrons a. amphoter ic b. isomeric c. hydrolytic Correct Ans - A: An amphoteric substance can behave either as an acid or a base. Water is an example of an amphoteric substance because it can act as an acid by furnishing a proton, or it can act as a base by accepting a proton. The diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane is called? a. pinocytosis b. osmosis c. active transport d. transpiration-tension Correct Ans - B: Osmosis is the diffusion of water from areas that contain a high concentration of water to area that contains a low concentration of water. Bean plant seeds are germinated in a dark closet. The seedlings lack the color green. Which of the following statements is the best explanation for this? a. Bean plants are heterotrophs b. Bean seedlings lack nitrogen in their seed leaf c. The absence of an environmental factor limits the proper genetic expression d. Bean plants cannot be classified as green plants Correct Ans - C: The seedlings lacked light, which interfered with their development. An organism that has jointed legs, an exoskeleton, and a specialized segmented body belongs to the phylum of? a. mollusks b. echinoder ms c. arthropods d. chordates Correct Ans - C: An example of an arthropod is a lobster. Nerve impulses form the retina are transmitted to the brain by the? a. olfactory nerve b. optic nerve c. Eustachian tube d. auditory nerve Correct Ans - B: The Eustachian tube and auditory nerve are associated with the ear, and the olfactory nerve is involved with the sense of smell. In which of these structures does the normal development of a human embryo occur? a. ovary b. uterus c. vagina d. oviduct Correct Ans - B: The ovary releases the egg into the oviduct, or fallopian tube where it is fertilized. If fertilization occurs, the zygote travels to the uterus, where it implants itself and develops. In humans, which of these blood components carries most of the oxygen? a. plasma b. white blood cells c. platelets d. red blood cells Correct Ans - D: Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which binds, transports and delivers oxygen throughout the body. Compound A reacts with compound B to give compound C plus compounds D and E, as shown by the following equation: A+B> C+D+E If in a closed system, 7g A react with 4g B to give 2g C plus 3g E, how many grams of D are produced? a. 5 b. 6 c. 11 d. 16 Correct Ans - B: The law of conservation of mass says that mass may be neither created nor destroyed. Therefor, the mass of the reactants must be equal to the mass of the products of a reaction. Which of the following statements best describes how pressure and volume are affected as a sample of ideal gas is heated in a rigid, sealed container? a. neither pressure nor volume will increase b. pressure will remain constant, and volume will increase c. both pressure and volume will decrease d. pressure will increase, and volume remains constant Correct Ans - D: A rigid container implies no change in volume. According to Gay- Lussac's law, at constant volume an increase in temperature cause and increase in pressure and vice versa. An object is traveling at a constant velocity of 100m/sec. How far will it travel in 20 sec? a. 5m b. 120m c. 200m d. 2,000m Correct Ans -D: Distance traveled is directly proportional to velocity and time. Distance = velocity x time, distance = 100m/secx20sec=2,00m A student placed a stone in a gradulated cylinder containing 30cm3 of water. She then noted that the water level rose to 55cm3 mark. What is the volume of the stone? a. 25cm3 b. 30cm3 c. 55cm3 d. 85cm3 Correct Ans - A: The stone causes the volume in the cylinder to increase by 25cm3 (55cm3-30cm3). The volume of a liquid displaced by a submerged object is equal to the volume of the object itself. Therefor, d. cholesterol Correct Ans - A: Proteins are made up of chains of amino acids. If a person's gallbladder were removed by surgery, which of the following substances would he have the most difficulty digesting? a. carbohydrates b. nucleic acids c. fats d. proteins Correct Ans - C: The gallbladder stores bile, which is the substance produced by the liver. Bile contains bile salts, which aid in the digestion and absorption of fats. Which of the following phenomena is most likely to speed the evolutionary rate of a species? a. lack of environmental changes b. increase in mutations c. decrease in migration d. increase in death rate Correct Ans - B: Mutations of DNA are the orginal source of variation and alter the gene pool in a population. An increase in the number of mutations increases the variation in the gene pool and thus speeds up the evolutionary rate of a species. The code of a gene is delivered to the protein-producing region of a cell by? a. m-RNA b. t- RNA c. DNA d. ATP Correct Ans - A: Messenger RNA (m-RNA) carries the information contained in DNA molecule to the ribosome where proteins are made. t-RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome. ATP is involved in the storage of energy and not genetics. Which of the following particles are nucleons? a. neutrons and electrons b. electrons, protons and neutrons c. neutrons and protons d. electrons, photons, and neutrons Correct Ans - C: Neutrons and protons are contained in the nucleus of an atom, whereas electrons reside outside the nucleus. Quantities having both magnitude and direction are called? a. line segments b. scalars c. vectors d. directrixes Correct Ans - C: By definition, vectors are quantities with magnitude and direction. Which of the following statements best describes the functioning of a battery? a. it changes chemical energy into electrical energy b. it stores electricity c. it creates electrons d. it changes current into voltage Correct Ans - A: In an electrochemical cell, which makes up a battery, chemical energy is converted into electric current. Correct Ans - B: Herbivores are animals that feed on plants. Thus, insects are herbivores because they consume green plants. According to this pyramid to support 100 lb of birds, which of the following is needed? a. more then 100 lb of insects b. more than 100 lb of snakes c. less than 100 lb of green plants d. 100 lb of insects Correct Ans - A: The diagram increases in size in the direction of birds to insects, indicating that more insects are required to support a certain amount of birds. Thus, 100 pounds of birds will consume an amount of insects excedding 100 pounds. Ozone is an allotrope of? a. hydrogen b. water c. oxygen d. uranium Correct Ans - C: Ozone (O3) is an allotrope of oxygen. It is a molecule made up of more than two atoms of the same element. Which of these values could be the ph of an acid rain sample? a. 12.0 b. 8.0 c. 7.0 d. 4.0 Correct Ans -D: Acid rain has an acidic pH. A substance with a pH between 0 and 7 is an acid. A specific isotope has an atomic number of 51 and a mass number of 122. How many electrons are contained in the neutral atom? a. 51 b. 71 c. 122 d. 173 Correct Ans - A: The mass number is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons. The atomic number is the number of protons, which is always equal to the number of electrons in a neural atom. A mixture such as mayonnaise is best described as? a. a substance b. saturated c. a solution d. an emulsion Correct Ans - D: Mayonnaise is made up of oil, vinegar and eggs which form a type of heterogeneous mixture called an emulsion. An emulsion will eventuallly separate, while a solution will not. The terms "saturated" and "unsaturated" refer to solutions. Mixtures are not substances. Which of the following terms is the SI unit for work? a. joule b. watt c. ampere d. meter Correct Ans - A: The joule is the unit of energy equal to the work done by a force of 1 N acting over a distance of 1 m. A woman standing at a bus stop hears the siren of an approaching ambulance. As the ambulance passes by her, she observes a shift in the frequency of the siren. The effect she heard is known as the? a. photoelectric effect b. Doppler effect c. phase shift effect d. Einstein effect Correct Ans - B: The Doppler effect occurs whenever there is a relative morion between the source of the sound waves and the observer. The pitch of a siren becomes higher as it approaches you and lower as it drives away. the siren has not changed its frequency, byt the motion of the siren toward you increases the frequency of the sound waves you hear. The pitch of ta vibrating string depends on all of the following except? a. the length of the string b. the amplitude of the vibration c. the thickness of the string d. the frequency of the vibration Correct Ans - B: Observed pitch is independeent of the amplitude of the vibration. The amplitude is related to the loudness of the sound. The pitch of a string is affected by thickness, length, and frequency. The specific heat of water is 1 cal/g/C. How many calories of heat are needed to raise the temperature of 30g of water from 25 C to 75 C. a. 50 Cal b. 750 Cal c. 1,500 Cal d. 2,250 Cal Correct Ans - C: The specific heat capacity of a substance is the heat required to raise the temperature of 1g of a specific substance by 1C. In the case of water, the specific heat capacity is 1 Cal/g/C. In this situation, you want to change 30g of water by 50C. As the angle of incidence of a ray of light striking a mirror increases, the angle of reflection will? a. increase b. decrease c. remain the same d. first increase, then remain constant Correct Ans - A: ccording to the law of reflection, the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection will be equal. The idea that new varieties of organisms are evolving today is best supported by the? energy d. transform energy d. multiply speed Correct Ans - B: Conservation of energy forbids a machine from increasing energy. Machines are designed to use energy efficiently. Machines cannnot be designed to increase energy; they use energy to do work.