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ATLS Exam Review with Verified Solutions 2023/2024, Exams of Nursing
A review of the Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) exam with verified solutions for the academic year 2023/2024. It covers topics such as airway assessment, obstruction, and management, as well as tension pneumothorax and its signs and management. questions and answers related to these topics, making it a useful study resource for medical students preparing for the ATLS exam.
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Exam Review with Verified Solutions
2023\2024.
What is the significance for ABCDE assessment if a person is able to talk? - Answer They have a patent airway What are the clinical signs of airway obstruction? - Answer snoring, stridor, hoarseness or no noise at all What are the techniques for clearing an obstructed airway? - Answer Suction Removal of foreign body Head tilt and chin lift Airway adjuncts - Guedel airway Definite surgical airway How do you size a Guedel airway? - Answer measuring from the center of the mouth (between the first incisors) to the angle of the mandible
Exam Review with Verified Solutions
2023\2024.
How does tension pneumothorax lead to death? - Answer A tension pneumothorax essential acts as an internal one-way valve - allowing air into the chest cavity but not out. This results in pressure on the mediastinum, thus decreasing venous return to the heart and eventual cardiac arrest. What are the signs of a tension pneumothorax? - Answer engorged neck veins Reduced lung expansion deviation of trachea to opposite side Hyper-resonant chest decreased breath sounds on affected side Management of tension pneumothorax? - Answer needle decompression in 2nd intercostal space then insertion of chest drain (definitive management)
Exam Review with Verified Solutions
2023\2024.
Management of open pneumothorax - Answer Three-sided dressing and then insertion of chest drain What is a flail chest? - Answer 2 or more rib fractures in 2 or more places, thus resulting in separation of a segment of the thoracic cage Clinical sign of flail chest - Answer Paradoxical movement of this part of the chest wall - indrawing on inspiration and outwards movement on expiration Beck's triad is a constellation of findings indicative of cardiac tamponade. What are they? - Answer hypotension jugular venous distention muffled heart sounds
Exam Review with Verified Solutions
2023\2024.
Management of cardiac tamponade - Answer pericardiocentesis under ultrasound guidance What is the lethal triad of trauma? - Answer coagulopathy hypothermia metabolic acidosis Classification of cardiogenic shock based on % blood loss - Answer Class 1 - < Class 2 - 15- Class 3 - 30- Class 4 - > Classification of cardiogenic shock based on pulse - Answer Class 1 - < Class 2 - 100-
Exam Review with Verified Solutions
2023\2024.
Class 3 - 120- Class 4 - > Classification of cardiogenic shock based on BP? - Answer Class 1-2 - normal BP Class 3-4 - low BP