ATLS Post Test. MCQ Questions With Answers 20242024 Updated, Exams of Nursing

Download ATLS Post Test. MCQ Questions With Answers 20242024 Updated and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! c. severe maxillofacial fractures 1. Which of the following signs is LEAST reliable for diagnosing esophageal intubation? a. symmetrical chest wall movement b. end-tidal CO2 presence by colorimetry c. bilateral breath sounds d. oxygen saturation >92% e. ETT above carina on chest x-ray 2. Which of the following signs the necessitates a definitive airway in severe trauma patients? a. fascial lacerations b. repeated vomiting d. sternal fracture e. Glasgow Coma Scale score of 12 3. Twenty-seven patients are seriously injured in an aircraft crash at a local airport. The principles of triage include: a. establish a triage site within the internal perimeter of the crash site b. treat only the most severely injured patients first c. immediately transport all patients to the nearest hospital d. treat the greatest number of patients in the shortest period of time e. produce the greatest number of survivors based on available resources 4. Which of the following statements is correct? a. Cerebral contusions may coalesce to form an intracerebral hematoma. b. Epidural hematomas are usually seen in the frontal region. c. Subdural hematomas are caused by injury to the middle meningeal artery. d. Subdural hematomas typically have a lenticular shape on CT scan. e. The associated brain damage is more severe in epidural hematomas. 5. An 18-ycar-old male is brought to the emergenc} department after having been shot. He has one bullet wound just below the right clavicle and another just below the costal margin in the right posterior axillary line. His blood pressure is110/60 mm Hg. ATLS Post Test. MCQ with Answers heart rate is 90 beats per minute, and respiratory rate is 34 breaths per minute. After ensuring a patent airway and inserting 2 large caliber IVlines., the next appropriate step is to: a. obtain a portable chest x-ray b. administer a bolus of additional IV fluid c. perform a laparotomy d. obtain an abdominal CT scan e. perform diagnostic peritoneal lavage 6. A 47-year-old house painter is brought to the hospital after falling 6 meters (20 feet) from a ladder and landing straddled on a fence. Examination of his perineum reveals extensive ecchymosis. There is a blood in the external urethral meatus. The initial diagnostic study for the evaluation of the urinary tract in this patient should be: a. cystoscopy b. cystography c. intravenous pyelography d. CT scan e. retrograde urethrography 7. Neurogenic shock has all of the following classic characteristics except which one? a. hypotension b. vasodilation c. bradycardia d. neurologic deficit e. narrowed pulse pressure 8. Which one of the following statements is false concerning Rh isoimmunization in pregnant trauma patients? a. It occurs in blunt or penetrating abdominal trauma. b. It is produced by minor degrees of fetomaternal hemorrhage. c. Rh immunoglobulin therapy should be administered to pregnant females who have sustained a gunshot wound to the leg. d. This is not a problem in traumatized, Rh-positive pregnant patients. e. Initiation of Rh immunoglobulin therapy does not require proof of fetomaternal hemorrhage. 9. An 18-year-old motorcyclist sustains massive facial injuries in a head-on crash with a pick-up truck. He is brought to the emergency department completely immobilized on a long spine board and wearing a cervical collar. His blood pressure is 150/88 mmHg, heart rate is 88 beats per minute and regular, and respiratory rate is 26 breaths per minute. His respirations are labored and sonorous. His Glasgow Coma Scale score is 7. Attempts at orotracheal intubation with manual inline stabilization of the c-spine are unsuccessful due to bleeding and distorted anatomy. The patient becomes apneic. The best procedure for airway management in this situation is: a. nasotracheal intubation b. Absensce of tachycardia indicates that the patient is hemodynamically normal. c. Non-operative management of abdominal injuries is more likely to be successful in older adults than in younger patients. d. Vigorous fluid resuscitation may be associated with cardiorespiratory failure e. Epinephrine should be infused immediately for hypotension 18. A 22-year-old male is brought by ambulance to a small community hospital after falling from the top of a 2.4-meter (8-foot) ladder. Initially, he was found to have a large right pneumothorax. A chest tube was inserted and connected to an underwater seal drainage collection system with negative pressure. A repeat AP portable chest x-ray demonstrates a residual, large right pneumothorax. After transferring the patient to a verified trauma center, a third chest x-ray reveals a persistent right pneumothorax. The chest tube appears to be funcioning and in good position. He remains hemodynamically normal with no signs of respiratory distress. The most likely cause for his persistent right pneumothorax is: a. flail chest b. diaphragmatic injury c. pulmonary contusion d. esophageal perforation e. tracheobronchial injury 19. A 22-year-old female who is 6 months pregnant presents following a motor vehicle crash. Paramedics report vaginal bleeding. What is the initial step in her treatment? a. assess fetal heart sounds b. check for fetal movement c. perform inspection of the cervic d. ask the patient what her name is e. insert a wedge under the patient's right hip 20. A construction worker falls from a scaffold and is transferred to the emergency department. His heart rate is 124 and blood pressure is 85/60 mmHg. He complains of lower abdominal pain. After assessing the airway and chest, immobilizing the c-spine, and initiating fluid resuscitation, the next step is to perform: a. FAST exam b. detailed neurological exam c. rectal exam d. cervical spine x-ray e. urethral catheterization 21. A 22-year-old male sustains a shotgun wound to the left shoulder and chest at close range. His blood pressure is 80/40 mmHg, and his heart rate is 130 beats per minute. After 2 liters of crystalloid solution are rapidly infused, his blood pressure increases to 122/84 mmHg, and heart rate decreases to 100 beats per minute. He is tahypneic, with a respiratory rate of 28 breaths per minute. On physical examination, his breath sounds are decreased at the left upper chest with dullness on percussion. A large caliber (36-French) tube thoracostomy is inserted in the fifth intercostal space with the return of 200 mL of blood and no air leak. The most appropriate next step is to: a. insert a Foley catheter b. begin to transfuse O-negative blood c. perform thoracotomy d. obtain a CT scan of the chest and abdomen e. repeat the physical examination of the chest 22. Which one of the following statements concerning spine and spinal cord trauma is true? a. A normal lateral c-spine film excludes injury. b. A vertebral injury is unlikely in the absence of physical findings of a cord injury. c. A patient with a suspected spine injury requires immobilization on a short spine board. d. Diaphragmatic breathing in an unconscious patient who has fallen is a sign of c-spine injury e. Determination of whether a spinal cord lesion is complete or incomplete must be made in the primary survey. 23. Which of the following statements is true? a. The laryngeal mask airway is an infraglottic device. b. The multilumen esophageal airway occludes the supraglottic lumen and ventilates through the port placed distal to the vocal cords. c. The nasopharyngeal airway is an ideal supraglottic device for patients with cribriform plate fractures. d. Nasotraceal tubes position a cuffed airway in the infraglottic space e. Tracheostomy tubes are placed in apneic, hypoxic patients in the supraglottic space. 24. A 40-year-old male is brought to the emergency department after a fall from a height of just over 3 meters (10 feet). His airway is clear, respiratory rate is 28, and systolic blood pressure is 140 mmHg. There is equal air entry on both sides of the chest with comparable percussion sounds bilaterally. He complains of pain on palpation of the chest. Which intervention is most likely needed? a. needle decompression of the chest b. pericardiocentesis c. pain management d. thoracotomy e. tube thoracostomy 25. The most common acid-base disturbance encountered in injured pediatric patients is caused by: a. hemorrhage b. changes in ventilation c. renal failure d. injudicious bicarbonate administration e. insufficient sodium chloride administration 26. A 17-year-old female is brought to the emergency department following a 2-meter (6 foot) fall onto concrete. She is unresponsive and found to have a respiratory rate of 32, blood pressure of 90/60 mmHg, and heart rate of 68. The first step in treatment is: a. administering vasopressors b. establishing IV access for drug-assisted intubation c. seeking the cause of her decreased level of consciousness d. applying oxygen and maintaining airway e. excluding hemorrhage as a cause of shock 27. Which one of the following statements is true regarding diagnostic peritoneal lavage? a. DPL has no utility in the diagnosis of diaphragmatic rupture b. DPL should be performed whenever an indication for laparotomy is present. c. DPL has a high specificity. d. DPL can be used for diagnosing retroperitoneal injuries. e. DPL has a high sensitivity. 28. Which one of the following signs is associated with class II hemorrhagic shock (estimated blood loss of 750 - 1500 mL)? a. heart rate above 140 beats per minute b. urine output less than 15 mL per hour c. respiratory rate above 35 breaths per minute d. decreased diastolic blood pressure e. normal systolic blood pressure 29. Neurogenic shock is: a. diagnoses by the presence of flaccid paralysis b. caused by brain injury c. due to acute hemorrhage d. due to decreased vascular resistance e. initially managed with vasopressor therapy 30. a 23-year-old male is admitted to the emergency department directly after sustaining full- thickness burns to his head, arms, and upper torso, totaling 50% of his total body surface area. He weighs 80 kg (185 pounds). His blood pressure is 105/75 mmHg and heart rate is 135 beats per minute. A urinary catheter is inserted with the return of 20 mL of dark amber urine. He has received 1000 mL of Ringer's lactate solution since the time of his injury. Using the Parkland 39. A young male patient is brought to the emergency department following a 5-meter (16-foot) fall from a roof. He responds to pain by pushing away your hand, opening his eyes, and verbalizing inappropriate words. Pupils are equal. The most important step in management of this patient would be: a. immediate intubation to protect his airway b. administer 25 mg/kg IV bolus mannitol c. insert two large-bore IVs d. alcohol and drug screening e. determine whether amnesia is present and, if so, for what period of time 40. In a patient with a spinal cord injury, sacral sparing: a. refers to a fracture of the sacrum b. is part of the spinal shock syndrome c. is a good prognostic sign d. is diagnostic of a Power's ratio <1 e. occurs only with complete transection of the lumbosacral spinal cord Kunci Jawaban: 1. E 6. E 11. A 16. A 21. E 26. D 31. B 36. B 2. C 7. E 12. B 17. D 22. D 27. E 32. C 37. D 3. E 8. C 13. B 18. E 23. D 28. E 33. D 38. A 4. A 9. C 14. D 19. D 24. C 29. E 34. E 39. A 5. A 10. C 15. D 20. A 25. B 30. B 35. C 40. C