ATLS Practice Questions and Answers (Latest 2025), Exams of Laboratory Practices and Management

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(Latest 2025)

Assessed first in trauma patient - Correct Answers ✅✅Airway (*)Degree of burn that is characterized by bone involvement - Correct Answers ✅✅Fourth Complications of head trauma - Correct Answers ✅✅Intracerebral hematoma Extradural hematoma Brain abscess Most common cause of laryngotracheal stenosis - Correct Answers ✅✅Trauma Intervention that can help prevent development of acute renal failure - Correct Answers ✅✅Infusion of normal saline A 26-year-old male is resuscitated with blood transfusion after a motor vehicle collision that was complicated by a fractured pelvis. A few hours later, the patient becomes febrile, hypotensive with a normal CVP, and oliguric. Upon examination, the patient is found to be bleeding from the NG tube and IV sites. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? A. Hemorrhagic shock

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B. Acute adrenal insufficiency C. Fat embolism syndrome D. Transfusion reaction - Correct Answers ✅✅D. Transfusion reaction Skin antiseptic - Correct Answers ✅✅-Ethanol 70% is an effective skin antiseptic -Acetic acid can be used to treat Gram- skin infections -Salicylic acid is used to treat certain skin yeast infections Class IV hemorrhage indicates what % blood loss - Correct Answers ✅✅55% How does shivering affect body temperature - Correct Answers ✅✅Increases body temperature Class III hemorrhage indicates what % of blood loss - Correct Answers ✅✅35% Management of a stable patient with kidney contusion - Correct Answers ✅✅Observation

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What is often caused by carotid massage? - Correct Answers ✅✅Bradycardia Step in a patient diagnosed with tension pneumothorax - Correct Answers ✅✅1. Needle decompression/ thoracotomy

2. Chest tube True statements regarding diaphragmatic injuries - Correct Answers ✅✅-Blunt diaphragmatic injuries are usually associated with skeletal trauma -Penetrating diaphragmatic injuries may be missed -Repair of traumatic diaphragmatic injuries usually does not require prosthetic material First priority in the treatment of an unconscious patient - Correct Answers ✅✅Checking the pulse A patient involved in a road accident is brought to the emergency department in an unconscious state. On arrival, her vitals show a temperature of 96.4 degrees Fahrenheit, a respiration rate of 24 breaths per minute, a heart rate of 140 beats per minute, and a blood pressure of 80/40 mm Hg. She is cold, shivering, and perspiring profusely. She has bilateral reactive pupils but she does not respond to pain. On physical examination, she has no obvious sign of external

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bleeding. Which of the following cannot be the cause of hypotension in this patient? A. Pelvic fracture B. Fracture of femur C. Intracranial hemorrhage D. Hemothorax - Correct Answers ✅✅C. Intracranial hemorrhage A patient suffered a slash to his right neck. The wound is over the mid- portion of the sternocleidomastoid. There is a large hematoma and brisk bleeding when uncovered. He is stable. What is the next step in management? A. Get an angiogram B. Close the wound in the ER C. Take him to the operating room D. CT scan to evaluate neck structure - Correct Answers ✅✅C. Take him to the OR After abdominal injury, which of the following urinalysis findings would be an indication for further testing? A. 0-5 casts/HPF B. 5-10 WBC/HPF C. 10-20 RBC/HPF

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B. LMA

C. Endotracheal intubation D. Jet ventilation - Correct Answers ✅✅A. Bag and mask What is the next step in the assessment of a traumatic patient after airway is established? - Correct Answers ✅✅Breathing Blood group that is considered a universal donor - Correct Answers ✅✅O A provider is examining a patient who sustained a severe traumatic head injury. He documents no Doll's eyes. What does this signify? - Correct Answers ✅✅Brainstem injury Which of the following is the least preferred method of administering IV fluids? A. Cubital veins B. Cephalic veins C. Subclavian veins D. Saphenous vein - Correct Answers ✅✅Subclavian veins Dermatome level for nipple sensation

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Dermatome level for umbilicus - Correct Answers ✅✅T T At which temperature would a hypothermic patient stop shivering? - Correct Answers ✅✅88 degrees F What is the energy recommendation for the first defibrillation in an adult (*) - Correct Answers ✅✅300 J Pharmacologic effects of Morphine - Correct Answers ✅✅Behavioral changes Analgesia Respiratory depression NOT diarrhea A patient with which condition should be triaged to receive medical attention first? A. Choking B. Dizziness

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Bone MC involved = Temporal A patient with von Willebrand disease is bleeding after sustaining a knife wound. Which of the following is most appropriate for the treatment of this patient? A. Vitamin K B. Cryoprecipitate C. Protamine D. DDAVP - Correct Answers ✅✅D. DDAVP What is the total body surface area involved in a burn to both lower extremities? - Correct Answers ✅✅36% Which injury is most common in rear end motor vehicle accidents? A. Cervical fractures B. Hypextension-hyperflexion neck injuries C. Forearm fractures D. Rotational neck injuries - Correct Answers ✅✅B. Hypextension- hyperflexion neck injuries What is true about an unrestrained pregnant driver? A. She is at increased risk of placenta previa

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B. She is at increased risk of placental abruption C. At 33 weeks, her fetus is well protected by an amniotic fluid cushion and thus the pregnancy is not at risk D. If the mother's vital signs are stable, complications are unlikely - Correct Answers ✅✅B. She is at increased risk of placental abruption In adults, an aspirated foreign body is most likely to get stuck in the: A. Left main bronchus B. Carina C. Right main bronchus D. Esophagus - Correct Answers ✅✅C. Right main bronchus Skin finding characteristic of second-degree burns - Correct Answers ✅✅Blisters Which is true regarding cervical spine fractures? A. Seen most commonly in elderly females B. Athletic activities are the most common cause C. Falls are the most common cause D. Methylprednisolone should not be used in associated spinal cord injury in the first 48 hours - Correct Answers ✅✅D.

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A. Spine injury B. Head trauma C. Giving birth D. Propensity to aspirate - Correct Answers ✅✅D. Propensity to aspirate A patient sustains blunt trauma to the back and left leg. Vital signs in the emergency department show temperature 36 degrees C, BP 120/ mm Hg, heart rate 92, respirations 19, GCS 15. There is bilateral lower extremity paraplegia, T12 sensory level, and decreased rectal tone. Hemoglobin is 14.2 and the same in one hour. Which of the following tests is best for diagnosing an intraperitoneal bleed? A. Abdominal ultrasound B. Laparotomy C. KUB D. Diagnostic peritoneal lavage - Correct Answers ✅✅A. Abdominal ultrasound Why is tracheostomy generally not performed at the first cartilage ring A. The trachea is too narrow B. A high chance of subglottic stenosis C. A high chance of tracheo-innominate artery fistula

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D. Inability to access the area - Correct Answers ✅✅B. A high chance of subglottic stenosis What does a carotid pulse indicate? A. A functioning pump for blood flow B. The circulating blood volume is reaching end organs C. Diastolic blood pressure D. None of the above - Correct Answers ✅✅B. The circulating blood volume is reaching end organs Which of the following generally causes hemorrhage associated with pelvic fractures? A. Obturator artery injury B. Superior gluteal artery C. Lateral sacral artery injury D. Venous bleeding - Correct Answers ✅✅D. Venous bleeding Hemothorax facts - Correct Answers ✅✅-Must have at least 500 cc of blood to make a diagnosis on chest x-rayin an adult -Incomplete evacuation of hemothorax can lead to empyema -Initial treatment of hemothorax is always a chest tube

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During resuscitation, your intubated patient's intravenous fluid infiltrates. You know that you may deliver the following drugs via the endotracheal tube: - Correct Answers ✅✅Lidocaine Atropine Naloxone Epinephrine Prior to tracheobronchial suctioning, the patient should receive: A. 5cc normal saline lavage B. Be placed on NPO status C. 100% oxygen prior to suctioning D. Versed 1 mg/mL - Correct Answers ✅✅C. 100% oxygen prior to suctioning In a patient with a pneumothorax following a stab wound, the chest tube is best inserted at which level? - Correct Answers ✅✅Between the 4th and 5th intercostal spaces, just anterior to the mid axillary line Indications for a CT scan of the head in trauma patients - Correct Answers ✅✅-Glasgow coma scale score of less than 14 -Evidence of basilar skull fracture -Amnesia lasting more than 30 minutes

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Most common Emergency Medical Services pediatric calls - Correct Answers ✅✅-Seizures -Respiratory problems -Trauma Treatments utilized in a patient with head trauma and raised intracranial pressure - Correct Answers ✅✅-Elevation of the head -Sedation -Use of diuretics NOT fluid restriction How deep should the provider depress the patient's sternum during CPR in adults? - Correct Answers ✅✅2 to 3 inches First parameter to change in patient's with hypovolemic shock? A. Systolic blood pressure B. Pulse rate C. Respiratory rate D. Skin vasoconstriction - Correct Answers ✅✅B. Pulse rate

(Latest 2025)

Subdural hematoma facts - Correct Answers ✅✅Etiology: tearing of bridging veins -Most common in elderly individuals who fall -Hematoma should be evacuated surgically -Prognosis is much better for chronic subdurals than acute cases -More common than epidural hematomas NOT often associated with skull fractures An 8-year old child is brought to the ER after being struck by a car while crossing the street. He is not alert and required immediate intubation at the scene by EMS. His GCS is 8 T. He appears to have a significant laceration of his scalp on the left side but there are no skeletal fractures. The initial chest x-ray revealed a right sided pneumothorax and a chest tube was inserted. His hematocrit is 23.5 and hemoglobin is 7.6. The next thing you would do is: A. CT head B. CT abdomen C. Repeat blood work D. Observe patient - Correct Answers ✅✅B. CT abdomen

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Class I hemorrhage indicates what percentage of blood loss? - Correct Answers ✅✅10% Which is not a clinical component of the Glasgow Coma Score? A. Eye movement B. Sensation C. Verbal response D. Extremity movement - Correct Answers ✅✅B. Sensation How should epinephrine should be injected for treatment of anaphylaxis? - Correct Answers ✅✅Intramuscularly (IM) into vastus lateralis How would a patient with a change in mental status would be triaged using the simple triage and rapid treatment (START)? A. Delayed B. Immediate C. Minor D. Critical - Correct Answers ✅✅B. Immediate