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ATLS PRETEST EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A 22 year old man is hypotensive and tachycardic after a shotgun wound to the left shoulder. His blood after initial IV fluid resuscitation, a closed tube thoracostomy is performed for decreased left breath sounds - ANSWER ->reexamine the chestATLS PRETEST EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A 22 year old man is hypotensive and tachycardic after a shotgun wound to the left shoulder. His blood after initial IV fluid resuscitation, a closed tube thoracostomy is performed for decreased left breath sounds - ANSWER ->reexamine the chest
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A 22 year old man is hypotensive and tachycardic after a shotgun wound to the left shoulder. His blood after initial IV fluid resuscitation, a closed tube thoracostomy is performed for decreased left breath sounds - ANSWER - >reexamine the chest A construction worker falls two stories from a building and sustains bilateral calcaneal fractures. In the emergency department, he is alert, vital signs are normal, and he is complaining of severe pain in both heels and his lower back. Lower extremity pulses are strong and there is no other deformity. The suspected diagnosis is most likely to be confirmed by - ANSWER - >complete spine x-ray series. The principle of balanced resuscitation is: - ANSWER - >Permissive hypotension and early plasma infusion Question:4 In managing the head-injured patient, the most important initial step is to - ANSWER - >secure airway A previously healthy, 70-kg (154-pound) man suffers an estimated acute blood loss of 2 liters. Which one of the following statements applies to this patient? - ANSWER - >His systolic blood pressure will be decreased with a narrowed pulse pressure. The diagnosis of shock must include - ANSWER - >poor organ perfusion Question:9 A 7-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department by his parents several minutes after he fell through a window. He is bleeding profusely from a 6-cm wound of his medial right thigh. Immediate management of the wound should consist of - ANSWER -
direct pressure
For the patient with severe traumatic brain injury, profound hypocarbia should be avoided to prevent - ANSWER - >cerebral vasoconstriction with diminished perfusion. Question:11 A 25-year-old man is brought to a hospital with a general surgeon after being involved in a motor vehicle crash. Computed tomography shows an aortic injury and splenic laceration with free abdominal fluid. His blood pressure falls to 70 mm Hg after CT. The next step is - ANSWER - >exploratory laparotomy. 20 - year-old woman, at 32 weeks gestation, is stabbed in the upper right chest. In the emergency department, her blood pressure is 80/60 mm Hg. She is gasping for breath, extremely anxious, and yelling for help. Breath sounds are diminished in the right chest. The most appropriate first step is to - ANSWER - >perform needle decompression of the right chest. Which one of the following findings in an adult is most likely to require immediate management during the primary survey? - ANSWER - >resp of 40/mi Question:17 The most important, immediate step in the management of an open pneumothorax is - ANSWER - >placement of an occlusive dressing over the wound. Question:18 The following are contraindications for tetanus toxoid administration - ANSWER - >History of neurological reaction or severe hypersensitivity to the product. Question:19 A 56-year-old man is thrown violently against the steering wheel of his truck during a motor vehicle crash. On arrival in the emergency department he is diaphoretic and complaining of chest pain.
statements is TRUE? - ANSWER - >Flaccidity of the lower extremities and loss of deep tendon reflexes are expected. Question:24 Which one of the following is the most effective method for initially treating frostbite? - ANSWER - >Moist heat. Question:25 A 32-year-old man's right leg is trapped beneath his overturned car for nearly 2 hours before he is extricated. On arrival in the emergency department, his right lower extremity is cool, mottled, insensate, and motionless. Despite normal vital signs, pulses cannot be palpated below the femoral vessel and the muscles of the lower extremity are firm and hard. During the management of this patient, which of the following is most likely to improve the chances for limb salvage? - ANSWER - >Perform right lower extremity fasciotomy. Question:26 A patient arrives in the emergency department after being beaten about the head and face with a wooden club. He is comatose and has a palpable depressed skull fracture. His face is swollen and ecchymotic. He has gurgling respirations and vomitus on his face and clothing. The most appropriate step after providing supplemental oxygen and elevating his jaw is to - ANSWER - >suction the oropharynx. Question:27 A 22-year-old man sustains a gunshot wound to the left chest and is transported to a small community hospital at which surgical capabilities are not available. In the emergency department, a chest tube is inserted and 700 mL of blood is evacuated. The trauma center accepts the patient in transfer. Just before the patient is placed in the ambulance for transfer, his blood pressure decreases to 80/ mm Hg and his heart rate increases to 136 beats per minute. The next step should be to - ANSWER - >perform an emergency department thoracotomy.
Question:29 Hemorrhage of 20% of the patient's blood volume is associated usually with - ANSWER - >tachycardia Question:30 Which one of the following statements concerning intraosseous infusion is TRUE? - ANSWER - >Aspiration of bone marrow confirms appropriate positioning of the needle. Question:31 A young woman sustains a severe head injury as the result of a motor vehicle crash. In the emergency department, her GCS is 6. Her blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg and her heart rate is 80 beats per minute. She is intubated and mechanically ventilated. Her pupils are 3 mm in size and equally reactive to light. There is no other apparent injury. The most important principle to follow in the early management of her head injury is to - ANSWER - >avoid hypotension. Question:32 A 33-year-old woman is involved in a head-on motor vehicle crash. It took 30 minutes to extricate her from the car. Upon arrival in the emergency department, her heart rate is 120 beats per minute, BP is 90/70 mm Hg, respiratory rate is 16 breaths per minute, and her GCS Score is 15. Examination reveals bilaterally equal breath sounds, anterior chest wall ecchymosis, and distended neck veins. Her abdomen is flat, soft, and not tender. Her pelvis is stable. Palpable distal pulses are found in all 4 extremities. Of the following, the most likely diagnosis is - ANSWER - >cardiac tamponade. A trauma patient presents to your emergency department with inspiratory stridor and a suspected c-spine injury. Oxygen saturation is 88% on high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask. The most appropriate next step is to - ANSWER - >maintain inline immobilization and establish a definitive airway. Question:37 Healthy young male in a motor vehicle crash is brought to the emergency department with a blood pressure of 84/60, pulse 123,