ATLS TEST ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2023 2024. A+ GUARANT, Exams of Community Corrections

Download ATLS TEST ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2023 2024. A+ GUARANT and more Exams Community Corrections in PDF only on Docsity! ATLS TEST ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2023 - 2024. A+ GUARANTEED A 22-year-old man is hypotensive and tachycardic after a shotgun wound to the left shoulder. His blood pressure is initially 80/40 mm Hg. After initial fluid resuscitation his blood pressure increases to 122/84 mm Hg. His heart rate is now 100 beats per minute and his respiratory rate is 28 breaths per minute. A tube thoracostomy is performed for decreased left chest breath sounds with the return of a small amount of blood and no air leak. After chest tube insertion, the most appropriate next step is: - >>>>>- *Re- examine the chest* - Perform an aortogram - Obtain a CT scan of the chest - Obtain ABG analysis - Transesophageal echocardiography A construction worker falls two stories from a building and sustains bilateral calcaneal fractures. In the emergency department, he is alert, vital signs are normal, and he is complaining of severe pain in both heels and his lower back. Lower extremity pulses are strong and there is no other deformity. The suspected diagnosis is most likely to be confirmed by: - >>>>>- complete spine x-ray series Which of the following is true regarding the initial resuscitation of a trauma patient? - >>>>>- A patient with a torso gunshot wound and hypotension should receive crystalloid fluid resuscitation until the blood pressure is normal -* Evidence of improved perfusion after fluid resuscitation could include improvement in Glasgow Coma Scale score on reevaluation* - Massive transfusion is defined as transfusion of more than 10 units of packed red blood cells and plasma within 24 hours - When tranexamic acid is administered by pre-hospital providers, a second dose is required within 24 hours - Fluid resuscitation is far more important than bleeding control in trauma patient In managing a patient with a severe traumatic brain injury, the most important initial step is to: - >>>>>- Secure the airway A previously healthy, 70-kg (154-pound) man suffers an estimated acute blood loss of 2 liters. Which one of the following statements applies to this patient? - >>>>>- His pulse pressure will be widened. - His urinary output will be at the lower limits of normal. xxx - He will have tachycardia, but no change in his systolic blood pressure. - obtain a chest x-ray A 25-year-old man, injured in a motor vehicular crash, is admitted to the emergency department. His pupils react sluggishly and his eyes open to pressure. He does not follow commands, but he does moan periodically. His right arm is deformed and does not respond to pressure; however, his left hand reaches purposefully toward the stimulus. Both legs are stiffly extended. His GCS score is: - >>>>>9 A 20-year-old woman who is at 32 weeks gestation, is stabbed in the upper right chest. In the emergency department, her blood pressure is 80/60 mm Hg. She is gasping for breath, extremely anxious, and yelling for help. Breath sounds are diminished in the right chest. The most appropriate first step is to: - >>>>>- perform needle or finger decompression of the right chest Which one of the following findings in an adult is most likely to require immediate management during the primary survey? - >>>>> - distended abdomen - Glasgow Coma Scale score of 11 - temperature of 36.5°C (97.8°F) - deforming of the right thigh - *respiratory rate of 40 breaths per minute* The most important, immediate step in the management of an open pneumothorax is: - >>>>>- placement of an occlusive dressing over the wound The following are contraindications for tetanus toxoid administration: - >>>>>- *history of neurological reaction or severe hypersensitivity to the product* - local side effects - muscular spasms - pregnancy - all of the above xxx A 56-year-old man is thrown violently against the steering wheel of his truck during a motor vehicle crash. On arrival in the emergency department he is diaphoretic and complaining of chest pain. His blood pressure is 60/40 mm Hg and his respiratory rate is 40 breaths per minute. Which of the following best differentiates cardiac tamponade from tension pneumothorax as the cause of his hypotension? - >>>>>- breath sounds Bronchial intubation of the right or left mainstem bronchus can easily occur during infant endotracheal intubation because: - >>>>>- The trachea is relatively short. A 23-year-old man sustains 4 stab wounds to the upper right chest during an altercation and is brought by ambulance to a hospital that has full surgical capabilities. His wounds are all above the nipple. He is endotracheally intubated, closed tube thoracostomy is performed, fluid resuscitation is initiated through 2 large-caliber IVs. FAST exam does not reveal intraabdominal injuries. His blood pressure now is 60/0 mm Hg, heart rate is 160 beats per minute, and respiratory rate is 14 breaths per minute (ventilated with 100% O2). 1500 mL of blood has drained from the right chest. The most appropriate next step in managing this patient is to: - >>>>>- urgently transfer the patient to the operating room A 39-year-old man is admitted to the emergency department after an automobile collision. He is cyanotic, has insufficient respiratory effort, and has a GCS score of 6. His full beard makes it difficult to fit the oxygen facemask to his face. The most appropriate next step is to: - >>>>>- restrict cervical motion and attempt orotracheal intubation using 2 people A patient is brought to the emergency department after a motor vehicle crash. He is conscious and there is no obvious external trauma. He arrives at the hospital completely immobilized on a long spine board. His blood pressure is 60/40 mm Hg and his heart rate is 70 beats per minute. His skin is warm. Which one of the following statements is TRUE? - >>>>>- Vasoactive medications have no role in this patient's management. - The hypotension should be managed with volume resuscitation alone. respiratory rate is 18 breaths per minute. He has gross hematuria and a pelvic fracture. You decide to transfer this patient to a facility capable of providing a higher level of care. The facility is 128 km (80 miles) away. Before transfer, you should first: - >>>>>- call the receiving hospital and speak to the surgeon on call Hemorrhage of 20% of the patient's blood volume is associated usually with: - >>>>>- oliguria - confusion - hypotension - *tachycardia* - blood transfusion requirement Which one of the following statements concerning intraosseous infusion is TRUE? - >>>>>- Only crystalloid solutions may be safely infused through the needle. - *Aspiration of bone marrow confirms appropriate positioning of the needle.* - Intraosseous infusion is the preferred route for volume resuscitation in small children. - Intraosseous infusion may be utilized indefinitely. - Swelling in the soft tissues around the intraosseous site is not a reason to discontinue infusion. A young woman sustains a severe head injury as the result of a motor vehicle crash. In the emergency department, her GCS is 6. Her blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg and her heart rate is 80 beats per minute. She is intubated and mechanically ventilated. Her pupils are 3 mm in size and equally reactive to light. There is no other apparent injury. The most important principle to follow in the early management of her head injury is to: - >>>>>- *avoid hypotension* - administer an osmotic diuretic xxx - aggressively treat systemic hypertension - reduce metabolic requirements of the brain - distinguish between intracranial hematoma and cerebral edema A 33-year-old woman is involved in a head-on motor vehicle crash. It took 30 minutes to extricate her from the car. Upon arrival in the emergency department, her heart rate is 120 beats per minute, BP is 90/70 mm Hg, respiratory rate is 16 breaths per minute, and her GCS score is 15. Examination reveals bilaterally equal breath sounds, anterior chest wall ecchymosis, and distended neck veins. Her abdomen is flat, soft, and not tender. Her pelvis is stable. Palpable distal pulses are found in all 4 extremities. Of the following, the most likely diagnosis is: - >>>>>- Cardiac tamponade A hemodynamically normal 10-year-old girl is hospitalized for observation after a Grade III (moderately severe) splenic injury has been confirmed by computed tomography (CT). Which of the following mandates prompt celiotomy (laparotomy)? - >>>>>- a serum amylase of 200 - a leukocyte count of 14,000 - evidence of retroperitoneal hematoma on CT scan - *development of peritonitis on physical exam* - a fall in the hemoglobin level from 12 g/dL to 8 g/dL over 24 hours A 40-year-old woman who was a restrained driver in a motor vehicle crash is evaluated in the emergency department. She is hemodynamically normal and found to be paraplegic at the level of T10. Which of the following are true regarding her evaluation and management? - >>>>>- Neurogenic shock is likely to develop. - Imaging of her complete spine is required prior to transfer to a trauma center. - Given the injury level knee extension would be expected. - *Log rolling using 4 people is a safe approach to restrict spinal motion when moving her.* Presence of bulbocarvenous reflex indicates a better prognosis. A trauma patient presents to your emergency department with inspiratory stridor and a suspected c-spine injury. Oxygen saturation is 88% on high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask. The most appropriate next step is to: - >>>>>- restrict cervical motion and establish a definitive airway When applying the Rule of Nines to infants... - >>>>>- The head is proportionally larger in infants than in adults.