AUXSEA Exam Questions & Answers | 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest 2024 Version, Exams of Security Analysis

Download AUXSEA Exam Questions & Answers | 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest 2024 Version and more Exams Security Analysis in PDF only on Docsity! AUXSEA Exam Questions & Answers | 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest 2024 Version A fiberglass hull is composed of - ✔✔fiberglass strands and layers saturated with resin. List the four types of fiberglass reinforcing materials: - ✔✔ 1. Fiberglass Mat 2. Fiberglass Cloth 3. Woven Roven 4. Chopped Strands The two types of resins used in fiberglass construction are - ✔✔polyester and epoxy. There are many substances added to boat building resins. - ✔✔They are used to harden the resin, control curing time and make the resin fire retardant. A male mold is known as a - ✔✔plug. A female mold is known as a - ✔✔cavity mold. The hand-layup and chopped-strand processes are used in a - ✔✔cavity mold. In the hand-layup and chopped-strand processes, - ✔✔the gel coat is applied to the inside of the mold first. In the matched-die method, - ✔✔the male and female molds are clamped together with a laminate between. What core materials are used in sandwich construction? - ✔✔Balsa wood Foamed Plastic Plywood List the advantages of fiberglass-built boats. - ✔✔Fiberglass is: Impervious to marine borers. No seams or joints to leak. Color can be molded into the boat. Boats can be extremely strong. Fiberglass can be molded into almost any shape. List the disadvantages of fiberglass-built boats. - ✔✔Fiberglass is heavier than water Fiberglass hulls are very heavy Easy to cover shoddy workmanship What are the two general classes of wood? - ✔✔Hardwood Softwood. What are the principal considerations in the selection of various types of wood for boat building? - ✔✔Strength Decay resistance Availability List the advantages of steel for boat building. - ✔✔Higher strength-to-weight ratio than fiberglass, Highest strength-to-weight ration, High resistance to impact, Abrasion and fatigue resistance, Less noisy than all but wood, Resistant to fire. The disadvantage of steel for boat building is that - ✔✔it deteriorates easily without proper maintenance. Why must you put a layer of nonmetallic paint between the hull of an aluminum boat and a layer of copper bottom paint? - ✔✔Galvanic action will corrode the hull if the aluminum and copper touch. Note: Copper bottom paint is now illegal and not used. List the advantages of aluminum for boat building. Aluminum is: - ✔✔lightweight impervious to marine borers. List the disadvantages of aluminum for boat building. - ✔✔It is a good heat conductor so aluminum hulls sweat, It has a relatively low melting point and melts sooner than steel if there is a fire. It is noisy. The six types of steering systems are: - ✔✔Tiller Drum and Cable Sprocket and Chain Rack and Pinion Gear and Shaft Hydraulic The simplest steering system is - ✔✔the tiller. What should you consider when selecting a bottom paint for your boat? - ✔✔What metals in the boat will be influenced by the paint. What causes dry rot? - ✔✔A fungus that thrives on fresh water. A first indication of dry rot is its smell; - ✔✔a musty, moldy odor. List some of the places to look for dry rot in a wooden boat - ✔✔Dark damp places; Areas where fresh water can enter; Bilge, floor, planking around frames or deck, in the transom. When dry rot is found, - ✔✔it must be removed. How can you prevent dry rot? - ✔✔Keep out fresh water. Keep boat ventilated. Apply preservative to unpainted and unvarnished wood. What is the difference between galvanic action and electrolytic action? - ✔✔Electrolytic action requires an external electric current while galvanic action does not. Current will flow from - ✔✔the less noble metal during galvanic action metal to the more noble metal. What is the principle of using a sacrificial metal to minimize the effect of galvanic action? - ✔✔The sacrificial metal is destroyed instead of the more valuable metals. How can you prevent electrolytic action? - ✔✔Eliminate stray currents from power sources on your boat and on the dock (if near a dock.) The shaft train is made up of - ✔✔shaft log, shaft, strut, strut bearing and propeller. How does the stuffing box work? - ✔✔It is composed of rings of packing material squeezed tightly around the shaft to prevent water from entering the boat. The strut bearing relies on ____ for lubrication. - ✔✔water What is used to keep the propeller on the shaft? - ✔✔A locknut backed by a jamb nut and key. In the spark ignition engine, _______ is mixed in the carburetor (or injection chamber for fuel injection systems). - ✔✔fuel and air The fuel in a diesel engine is injected into - ✔✔the cylinder. What ignites the fuel in a diesel engine? - ✔✔Heat generated by compression of the air. List the operations performed by each of the four strokes of a four stroke cycle engine: - ✔✔Intake - fuel mixture (or air for diesel or fuel injection) is drawn into cylinder. Compression - fuel mixture (or air) is compressed. Power - (fuel is injected) fuel mixture is ignited and expansion of burning fuel. Exhaust - burned gases are expelled. List the operations performed by each of the two strokes of a two stroke cycle engine - ✔✔Compression - air (or fuel mixture) is compressed. At the top of the stroke, fuel is injected (or already there) and fuel mixture ignites. Power - expansion of the burning fuel pushes the piston down. At the bottom of the stroke, burned gases are expelled. The exhaust valve is open at the -------- of the power stroke on a 2-stroke engine. - ✔✔bottom List the main working parts of the power system that transmit power from the cylinders to the drive shaft. - ✔✔pistons, connecting rods, crankshaft. The valves are opened by action of the camshaft which is driven off the crankshaft. - ✔✔the crankshaft The crankshaft is designed to change rotary to - ✔✔intermittent reciprocating motion to open the valves. The lubricating system in an internal combustion engine delivers oil to the moving parts to and to reduce friction and assist in cooling. - ✔✔reduce friction and assist in cooling. Marine engines are cooled by - ✔✔water. What are the parts of the induction (fuel) system of a gasoline engine? - ✔✔fuel tank, fuel pump, carburetor (if necessary), fuel lines and air passages. In the gasoline engine, the ratio of the fuel to air mixture is controlled by the - ✔✔metering jet in the carburetor. What is a rich mixture in a gasoline engine? - ✔✔One for which the ratio of fuel to air is larger than normal. What is a lean mixture? - ✔✔One for which the ratio of fuel to air is smaller than normal. The idling system provides a rich mixture for - ✔✔slow engine speeds and for starting. A typical ignition system of a gasoline engine consists of: - ✔✔induction (or ignition coil), mechanical breaker, Always match your line to its use. Protect your lines against abrasion. Keep chemicals away from your lines. Avoid sudden strains on your lines. Avoid excess wear. Store your lines properly. Avoid kinks in your lines. Always keep your lines clean. Do not run your lines over sharp angles. A Clove Hitch can be used to make a temporary fastening to a - ✔✔piling. To temporarily join two lines of different diameters, you use a - ✔✔becket bend (aka sheet bend). A splice is preferred when ________ joining two lines together. - ✔✔permanently A bowline is used when a temporary _______ is desired. - ✔✔loop To secure a lone to a log for towing, you would use a - ✔✔timber hitch. To secure a line to a piling, on a long term basis, the safest fastening to use would be - ✔✔a round turn with two half hitches. (FM says: bowline.) Explain the uses of stopper/rolling hitch. - ✔✔It can be used to maintain strain on a line when it is desirable to move the knot. It is sometimes used to convert a single towline into a bridle. When laying a long line down of the deck, where the full length must be run out fairly rapidly, - ✔✔the line should be faked. When might it become necessary to dip an eye on a bollard? - ✔✔When tying up next to a boat already tied to the same bollard and you expect the other boat's line to come off before yours. A splice will cause_______ reduction in line strength than any knot. - ✔✔less Tie the following knots: - ✔✔square knot, bowline, round turn and two half hitches, clove hitch, double Becket/sheet bends and timber hitch. Make an eye splice. - ✔✔(24 and 25 require hands on action with appropriate line.) The part of the current that flows into the propeller is called - ✔✔suction screw current. When a right handed propeller is turning clockwise, the boat will go - ✔✔forward. Note: 'clockwise' as viewed from aft of the propeller. On a motorboat, turning the steering wheel to starboard gives the boat right rudder and - ✔✔throws the stern to port and turns the boat to starboard. The stern of a single screw boat with a left handed propeller tends to go to the____________when the propeller is reversing. - ✔✔starboard When is boat's rudder is put over, the stern is kicked in the opposite direction if the boat is - ✔✔moving forward. When backing an inboard with a single right hand propeller and rudder amidships, the stern will tend to move to - ✔✔port. Four mooring lines that may be attached to the bow of a boat for dock mooring are: - ✔✔#1 and #2 lines can be attached to the bow although #2 is usually attached to a cleat aft of the bow. #1 is usually called the bow line. #2 is called a spring line but several different adjectives are used, e.g. 'bow spring line' or 'aft running spring line'. Note: Presumably, the desired answer is: bow line, forward bow spring, after bow spring, forward bow breast line. This may be OK for a Navy destroyer but not for us. The four lines that may be used as springs are: #2 and #3 are the most common spring lines. - ✔✔Various names for these exist: #2 can be called a 'bow spring line' or 'aft running spring line'. #3 can be called a 'stern spring line' or 'forward running spring line' or 'forward quarter spring line'. Note: Presumably, the desired answer is: forward bow spring, after bow spring, forward quarter spring, after quarter spring. Again, not for us. The mooring line that keeps the boat from going ahead is the - ✔✔#2 line or 'bow spring line'. To spring into a dock, use a #2 or bow spring line and go ahead slowly with the rudder - ✔✔turned away from the dock. Getting away from a dock, when the boat is being set into it by the wind generally requires using a - ✔✔#2 after bow spring line. It seems to FM that there are two methods. - ✔✔To push your bow out, use the #3 line (from the stern cleat to the dock) and back with the wheel turned toward the dock. This will push your bow out and let you then go forward. The disadvantage is that this pushes you propeller toward the dock. That could damage your propeller for some docks. To push your stern out, use the # 2 line (from the forward cleat to the dock) and go forward with your wheel turned toward the dock. This will push your stern out and let you back out. When you go forward, the #2 line will run toward your stern and become what the book calls the 'after bow spring line'. Backing on a forward quarter spring (#3) on the port side, the bow will swing - ✔✔out, i.e. to starboard. A forward quarter spring line leads forward from the - ✔✔stern cleat to the dock. 3) Secure loose gear; lash down large items 4) Have everyone don PFDs 5) Break out emergency gear which may be needed 6) Check position and update plot 7) Make plans to reach sheltered waters if needed 8) Instruct and reassure crew What is the pitfall in using a tripping line with a sea anchor? - ✔✔The tripping line may become tangled with the towing line. This can cause several problems, one of which is collapsing the sea anchor. Note: A drogue is almost always better than an anchor. List some items you can use to make an emergency sea anchor in the absence of a ready-made one. - ✔✔Bucket, large basket, deck chair, ice chest, wooden crate, large board. What is the purpose of towing a warp? - ✔✔It acts as a break, keeps the boat running straight and calms the seas astern. If conditions get really bad, slow down and hold your bow at an angle of about - ✔✔45 degrees to the seas. In a head sea, a vessel with too much weight forward will ________ rather than rise. - ✔✔plunge In a head sea, a vessel with too much weight aft will tend to - ✔✔fall off Thrown broadside to the swells, or "in the trough," can cause the vessel to broach. - ✔✔broach. When a vessel runs down a steep wave, buries her bow, and the next crest throws her stern over, she has pitchpoled. - ✔✔pitchpoled. What happens to a vessel that is pooped? - ✔✔A wave from a following sea breaks into the cockpit. The primary needs of safety in fog or other conditions of reduced visibility are - ✔✔to see and be seen, and to hear and be heard. One way to be "seen" in reduced visibility by vessels that have radar sets is to hoist - ✔✔a radar reflector To assist in righting a sailboat, the crew should - ✔✔haul in the sails and stand on the keel, holding on the gunwale. In preparing to refloat a stranded vessel, one of the obvious things to consider is the state of the - ✔✔tide. What could happen if you throw the engine immediately into reverse upon going aground? - ✔✔You could wash sand under the keel bedding the boat more firmly. You could suck debris into the engine. A stranded boat can use an anchor as a _______to help pull the boat free. - ✔✔kedge How you make an approach to a stranded boat depends on - ✔✔the wind and current. When attempting to tow off a stranded boat, use the - ✔✔trailering stem eye.or ski towing transom eye or other secure fastening such as sampson posts. If a stranded boat is held in place by suction, how can that suction be broken? - ✔✔Have the crew on the stranded boat move to rock the boat from side to side or bow to stern. You should always approach a burning vessel from - ✔✔upwind. When assisting a burning vessel, - ✔✔speed is essential. The four sides of the fire tetrahedron are - ✔✔fuel, heat, oxygen, chemical reaction. A Class A fire consists of ordinary combustibles such as wood, paper or cloth. and - ✔✔water should be used to extinguish it. A Class B fire consists of flameable liquids such as gasoline and - ✔✔foam, CO2, Halon or dry chemicals should be used to extinguish it. A Class C fire takes place in electrical equipment and - ✔✔CO2, Halon or dry chemicals used to extinguish it. What type of hole can be plugged? - ✔✔Small holes which have a generally rounded shape. Plugs and patches are most effective when applied from - ✔✔the outside of the hull. List some of the materials that can be used for an emergency patch. - ✔✔Wood, cloth, rags, clothes, sails, floorboards, pieces of boxes, foul weather gear, mattresses, blankets, PFDs, foul weather gear. The anchor that is set out immediately on grounding is called a kedge; the act of using it to get the boat free is called kedging. - ✔✔ When using a portable pump, be certain the outlet is projecting - ✔✔over the side and the discharge is facing downwind. If a fire that takes place in an relatively confined space, you should - ✔✔close all openings such as hatches, doors, vents and ports to keep oxygen from feeding the flames. The U.S. Inland Navigation Rules are applicable inside the demarcation lines separating the - ✔✔inland and international waters. A Power Driven vessel is any vessel propelled by - ✔✔machinery. A sailing vessel using both sail and engine simultaneously is a __________ for the purposes of the Navigation Rules. - ✔✔power driven vessel Underway means - ✔✔"A vessel not anchored, made fast to the shore or aground. The most widely used material for the anchor line is - ✔✔nylon. The three kinds of chains used as anchor rode are: - ✔✔BBB, proof coil, high test. (PPT omits BBB) Chain is designated by the diameter of the - ✔✔material in the links. The ideal rode for most average conditions is a combination of - ✔✔nylon and a short length chain. When anchoring under favorable weather and sea conditions, and using nylon line a scope of 5:1 might be considered a - ✔✔minimum. When anchoring, the anchor should not be lowered when the boat has any - ✔✔headway. If an anchor drags, the first step in trying to get it to hold is to - ✔✔increase scope. When chocks, bitts, cleats, and other fittings are used on deck they must be through-bolted and reinforced with a - ✔✔heavy backing plate. The type anchor traditionally used for permanent moorings is the - ✔✔mushroom anchor. Name two duties of a deck hand. - ✔✔line handling, fender stowing, tow watch. The navigator must be able to determine position and maintain a plot of course. - ✔✔ The crewman who takes care of the engines is called the - ✔✔engineer. What crew duty is required by law? - ✔✔Keep a lookout at all times underway. As a lookout, you are responsible for your - ✔✔assigned sector. How many degrees do you move your eyes each second when scanning? - ✔✔10° Do you look directly on the horizon for night scanning? - ✔✔No, look 5 to 10° above horizon. Binoculars are used for identification of an - ✔✔object and not for scanning. You must remain as lookout until - ✔✔relived. Lookouts should remain - ✔✔alert and give full attention to your duties. Lookouts in fog rely to a great extent on their - ✔✔ears and not their eyes. Steering may be directed by - ✔✔compass or by reference to objects. The helmsman will ________ all commands - ✔✔repeat The term "meet her" means - ✔✔stop the turn of the boat so not to overshoot new course. Radar is another form of - ✔✔lookout. Radar is a great navigational aid in times of darkness and - ✔✔reduced visibility. The tow watch must not stand in line with the tow line in case it - ✔✔breaks and snaps back. You are legally responsible for your - ✔✔wake. When anchoring near other boats check for clearance - ✔✔to swing. It is _____to discharge pollutants into the water. - ✔✔illegal What is a holding tank? - ✔✔A tank to hold waste from the head. When boarding a Coast Guard vessel salute - ✔✔the National Ensign and request permission to come aboard from the Officer Of the Deck. Remove your cap when in the wardroom of a commissioned - ✔✔Coast Guard Vessel.