Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Exam Questions and Answers, Exams of Nursing

Download Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Exam Questions and Answers and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! BARKLEY PNP DRT 2-100 GUARANTEED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST 2024 (BRAND NEW!) BARKLEY PNP DRT 2 -100 GUARANTEED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS|2024 UPDATE |BRAND NEW!! The parents of a 2 month old male bring him to the emergency department. His parens info you the he has a history of iiirtibility. He has developed recurrent vomitng and choking while feeding. You ask the parens about the child's stools, to which they respond by saying that he has been going less frequently, but there are no noticeable changes in the stool itself. Of the following choices, which is the most likely cause? A. Pyloric stenosis B. Meningitis C. Hirschprungs disease D. Gastroesophageal reflex disease - correct answer- D A mother bring her 4 year old boy to the clinic. The mother is an avid believer in natural child birth and did not undergo testing or prenatal care. She is concerned, though, because he has been having difficulty interacting with others. The nurse practitioner notes that the boy has a relatively small head, a flattened nose, and eyes that are wide set with an upward slant. The NP suspects a genetic disorder most likely due to A. a change in the long arm of the X chromosome B. a deficiency of factor VIII C. an extra X chromosome D. a third chromosome 21 - correct answer- D HIV concerts into AIDS when the patient's immune system is seriously damaged. The risk of AIDS can be diagnosed by costing the T-cells (CD4) present in a patient's body. Which of the following reporestns the approximate CD4 level that marks a patient's conversion to AIDS? A. <200 CD4 cells B. > 300 CD4 cells C. < 3000 CD4 cells D. > 800 CD4 cells - correct answer- A A 2 years old girl present with ulceration and inflammation of the soft palate. You also notice some papulovesicular lesions on her hands and feet. Which of the following is the patient's most likely dermatologic condition? A. Erythme infectiosum B. Allergic contact dermattitis C. Coxsackie Virus D. Herpes zoster. - correct answer- C You are examining 12 year old maggie, who has been unable to sleep. She tosses and turns at night, and she says that she gets very hot. Moreover, Maggie states that she cannot cows on anything for a long time, which was not the case before. Her mother adds that her academic performance has decreased because of her recent inability to maintain focus. The mother also states that Maggie has been ore irritable and excitable than usual. You notice a slight tremor in Maggies Hands when she straightens out her arms. Of the following, which is Maggies, most l likely diagnosis? Which of the following is true regarding child abuse A. African American and Asian American have twice the national average of reported incidence B. fifty precent of abusers are parents. C. abusers are usually former victims D. sexual abuse is the most common form of child abuse. - correct answer- C A patients father threatens to sue you for invasion of privacy because his health insurance company increased his family premium sue to the updated patient information concerning his child that was provided. You know that: A. a patients medication information would be released only if the patient authorizes the release. B. You did not invade the patient's privacy. C. The patient should sue the health insurance company for discrimination. D. You inadvertently slandered the patient. - correct answer- B You are examining a full term newborn who has an undescended right testicle with underdeveloped rugae. The testicle can be palpated in the inguinal canal. What should you tell parents when educating them about their sons condition? A. The baby will most likely need surgery B. Sevnty-five percent of the time, the testicle descents into the scrotum on its own. C. Its abnormal for the rugae to be underdeveloped and for the testicle to be absent. D. We will need to do further testing before discharge. - correct answer- B The parent of a 2 year old child visits your office and is concerned about an enlarged mass in her abdomen as well as her drastic weight loss. The child has also had recurring bouts of diarrhea and has been sweating profusely. Upon examination, you find that she has a very rapid heart rate and a palpable a dbominal mass to the left of midline. Which of the following should be in your differential? A. Gastroenteritis B. Neuroblastoma C. Appendicitis D. Irritbale bowel syndrome - correct answer- B A male infant present with a copious prulunet discharge from his right eye, so much so that his eye seems to be glued shut. You learn that his mother hasn't an untreated gonorrhea infection. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment? A. erythromycin ointment B. azithromcin administered orally C. cerfriaxone administered parenterally D. erythromycin administered orally - correct answer- C Which of the following is associated with physiological differences in children rather than adults? A. their circulatory system compensates during hypovolemic shock, giving a false impression of normalcy. B. A limited store of glycogen with higher relative metabolism puts children more at risk for hyperglycemia C. The child's airway is narrow and angular, which always requires a tracheotomy for airway=constriction relief. D. The smaller lungs in children make them less vulnerable to aerosolized biological and chemical agents. - correct answer- A You are conducing a well child check on an 8 year old girl who has significant breast development (areola and nipple projection as secondary mound) and recently began menstauting. The child's development is best classified as which of the following? A. Premature puberty B. Precociuos puberty C. Normal puberty D. Delayed puberty. - correct answer- B Marhta is planing a diet overhaul for her whole family to make sure everyone is eating healthier. This overhaul includes changes for her, her husband and her two teenage children, a 16 year old son and 14 year old daughter. As she looks to reduce her families calories intake, what should she be aware of in regard to her children? A. Nutuional requirements for adolescents are high than adults. B. Nutritional requirements for adolescents are lower than adults. C. Nutritional requirements for adolescnts are the same as for adults. D. She should cut out all protein from their diet. - correct answer- A Marissa just gave birth to her first child born in the United States. Her family, including two other children, recently came over from Mexico. You speak to the baby, telling her she is one of the cutest bundles of joy. The next day however Marissa husband and scolds your behavior, calling you very unprofessional. Which the following might be the reason as to why the husband is scolding you so ? A. You did not compliment the other children. B. In some Mexican cultures, you should not compliment how a child is doing because that could jinx the child. C. In some mexican cultures, on the mother can complement the child. D. In some mexican cultures, you must always touch the baby when complimenting him or her. - correct answer- D B. Coxsackie virus C. Rubella D. Lyme disease - correct answer- A A newborn is checked into the nursery and found to have one undescended testicle and hypospadias. Which of the following actions should you take? A. No action is necessary at this time. B. The testicle will need to be surgically brought down if it does not drop within one year. C. Order a chromoosmal and endrocinologic evaluation. D. Referral to an urologist. - correct answer- D You are taking the history of a new patient who is 8 month old. When asked about day care the mother explains that her baby has been attending day care since she was 2 months old, but lately her daughter, screams and clings to her mother when she is being dripped off. What is the best information to provide the mother concerning this behavior? A. Something must be wrong in the environment, and she should consider another option for care. B. The baby is exhibiting signs of serious mental illness. C. The infant is displaying separation anxiety, which is normal at this age. D. The child is exhibiting signs of a serious physiological condition. - correct answer- C Manny is brought in for a check-up, He knowns how to say momma, daddy and sits indecently to play. He cannot yet walk or speak many other words, but he communicates by reaching and pointing. Manny recognizes you, his nurse practitioner, from previous visits, and he smiles at you. He sees the pen in your coat pocket and reaches for it. What would you estimate Mannys age to be? A. 13 to 18 months B. 6 to 9 monts C. 19 to 24 months D. 10 to 12 months - correct answer- D A mother bring her 18 month old infant who presents with lethargy and a decreased appetite, and the mother says that she things her daughter amy be having abdominal pain. After a thorough interview, you learn that the family has been renovating their 1950s bungalow home. Lab tests reveal the childs hemoglobin level is 11.2 g/dL, and the lead level is 46 mcg/dL. Which of the following indicates the most appropriate management option for this patient? A. Order a blood tranfusion B. Refer to a hematologist for chelation therpay C. Notify Child Protection services D. Re-evaluate the child in one month. - correct answer- B Michal, 17 years old, has type 2 diabetes. His treatment includes a controlled diet and insulin regimen. His family informs you that he has recently been abusing alcohol and admits that he likes to drink with his friends at parties. Given this information, which of the follow is the least approrpraie to prescribe as an oral antidiabetic? A. Dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibitors B. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors C. INsulin D. Biguanides - correct answer- D A mother bring her 2 year old son for his immunizations. HIs history indicates that he is allergic to eggs. Which of the following vaccines should not be administered to this patient? A. IPV B. MMR C. Varicella D. Influenza - correct answer- D A feverish 5 year old present with productive coughing of yellow tinged mucus, chills, and diarrhea. He appears lethargic, and crackles are heard over the right lower lobe by auscultation. The x-ray is hazy in the right lower lobe. Which of the following conditions does this patient most likely have? A. Bronchitis B. Sinusitis C. Bacterial pneumonia D. Tuberculosis - correct answer- C You are beginning to work at a new clinic in your new town, New Orleans. One of your primary concerns is the development of proper patient-nurse relationship. You want to make sure that you never abandon you patient and that you properly terminate your patient relationships. All of the following should be a part of terminating a patient nurse relationship except: A. Resonable notice B. Referral to a different practitioner C. Admission of lack of competence D. Refual of assignment - correct answer- B Mandy arrives at your clinic with her 1.4 year old toddler, tamara, which is bow-legged. A former dancer, mandy is distraught that her daughter may not be able to dance herself unless corrective action are taken. Tamara is otherwise perfectly healthy. What should the nurse practitioner advise the mother concerning her childs bowlegs? A. Braces for the legs B. Limited walking C. Exercise and physical therpay A. Thioruea drugs B. Lugols solution C. Thyroid surgery D. propranolol - correct answer- D Patient with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often have comorbidities. The folloiwng are all comorbid disease associated with ADHD except: A. Anxiety B. Depression C. Seizure disorder D. Opposition defiant disorder - correct answer- C A 2 day old newborn has a sudden eruption of lesions measueing from 1 to 3 mm with white papules and an erythematous base on the trunk and diaper area. After 11 days, the rash had disappeared. Oft the following, which was the most likely diagnosis? A. milia B. harlequin sign C. Erythema toxicum D. Telangiectatic nevi - correct answer- C An 11 year old patient has a tow day history of chills and coughing that produces greenish-tinted sputum. His temperatue today is 102.8F. Ausculatino reveals wet lung sounds. You order a chest radiograph. Which of the following bacteria is the most likely pathogen if patchy infiltrates and pleural effusion are seen on the film? A. Pneumocystis pneumonia B. Streptococcus pneumonia C. Klebseiella D. E. coli - correct answer- D A 12 year old girl comes to you in distress. SHe says that she is pregnant and watns to know what her options are. you tell her that is first myust be deteremind if she has the capacity for informed consent. Which of the following abilities is not a component required for informed consent? A. reason B. differentiate C. communicate D. prioritzie - correct answer- D Before giving a child a vaccination for polio, what should you ask the paretns? A.. If the child is allergic to neomycin B. if the child is allergic to eggs or egg products C. if the child has exczema or milk allergy D. if the child has asthma or allergies to pollen - correct answer- A Your asthmatic patient, Melissa who is 15 comes in for a checkup. A physical examination indicates her blood pressure is 142/91. You sucpect she may be hypertensive and rquire treatment. Of the following drugs, which should you not prescribe? A. Angiotensin II receptor blocker B. Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors C. Betablockers D. Calcium channel blockers - correct answer- C You are conducting an interview ith a paitne. The patient describes a number of symptoms she is experiencing. In the middle of descbibing her symtpms, she jokinly says that, if the condition respobile for these symptosm is something serious, then she does not want to know it. Acceding to this patient requiest would be a violation of which of the following eithical principles? A. Fidelity B. Veracity C. Beneficence D. Justice - correct answer- B Which of the folliwn grants the authority that is afforded to nurse practiioners, including the use of titel, authorization for scope of practice, prescitptice authority and disciplinary action? A. scope of practice B. American nurses association C. state board of nruing D. certiciation baords - correct answer- C Annie, age 11, presents with a threeday history of a red, wollen bump on her left eyelid. Annies ays that her affected eye dells scratch, as if something wer on it. An exam indicates that annie has light sensitivity in the affected eye. Which of the following would most appropriately treat annies condition? A. cool compress to affected eyelid B. ophthalmology referral C. erythromycin administered orally D. surgical removal. - correct answer- B D. Withdrawal from friends and family - correct answer- B You are folliwn up on a 12 year old sickle cell patient who has been hospitalized for a pain crisis. the patients hisoty indicates four previous hospitlzations this year for tother pain crises. His lab test indicate hemoglobin is 9g/dL and a white blood cell coung of 10500. Which of the following indicates the most appropriate treaemt for this patient? A. Schedule monthly blood transfusion B. Start the child on penicillin twice daily for one year C. Meperidine D. Refer to a hematologist to begin hydoxyurea - correct answer- D You have just diagnosed a 2.5 year old girl with iron deficiency anemao. The patients lab tests indicate that her hemoglobin is 10.9g/dl, hematocrit is 32% and serum ferritin is 25ug/L. The patietns retains much of her color and has nroam breathing function. Which of the following si the most approtpatie treatment optiun for this patient? A. Blood transfusion B. 3 to 6 mg/kg/day of elemental iron C. 2 to mg/kg/day of elemental iron D. Intravenous iron supplemtnatinon - correct answer- B Which of thte follwin is not a reason which credientialing is necessary for nurse practitioners? A. To ensure that safe helath care is provided by quailed individuals B. To comply with deferral and state lasws related to nurse practioners C. to grant permission to the nurse practioner to practe in an inpatient setting D. To esxtablish minimal levels of acceptable performance and enfore professional standards - correct answer- C A nurse practitioner is examining a 2 month old and hears a heart murmur. The NP explains to the mother that ath mrumurs is most likely harmless and does not refer her to a cardiologist. Which oft he following might the nurse practieroner rationale be/ A. the murmur is heard is diastole and is of no concern. B. the chold appears healthy, and the murmurs is lileky a patent ductus arteriosus that is closing. C. the murmur is loudes when the child is standing D. The murus is systolic, grade 1 and has no thrill - correct answer- D Around the winter holidsa, amrtha and Thomas come to your facility with their 6 year old son, eric. Etic has a major skin problem, which has cuased them to put their travel plans on hold until the condition resolves. Upon exam, the nurse practitioner notes that eric has dry, intesly pruritic papules and plaques affecting his flexural sufaces. He aslo has cracking,d ryness, and scaling on his hands and feet. Which oft eh folloing is the most likely diagnosis? A. tinea B. candidiasis C. Atopic dermatitis D. seborrheic dermatitis - correct answer- C Which of the following is least likely to pose a risk for genteic problems/ A. advanced parental age B. family hiorty of birth defects C. a hisotyr of premature pregnanceies D. fetal exposure to intrauterine infections - correct answer- C The paretns of a 7 year old Jessica state that their daughter has been showing increasingly erratic behavior over the last few weks, they are concerned about her constant hand washing and an increslingly defiant attitude towards school and other obligations, wuch as going to bed on time. Upon examination of Jessica, you notice that she is contstly bling and flaing her nostrils. Which of the following is the most probable cuase of jessicas change in behavior? A. anxiety disorder B. tic disorder C. sleep disorder D. depression - correct answer- B Which of the following is correct regarding the ruption of permanent teeth? A. genterlaly, all permentat teeth except the thrird molar erupt by 12.5 years of age. B. In 25%of people, wisdom teeth will never erupt. C. Generally, all permentat teeth except the third molar erupt by age 9. D. In 60% of people, wisdom teeth never erupt. - correct answer- A Youa re discussing at home aminenace of chorinc asthma wusing a metered dose inhaler. Which of the following is note true about using metered dose inahlers? A. Patient should breathe the medication mist in deeply andhold breath for a count 1of 10 B. the increased use of quick release inhaler should be promptly reported. C. Metered odse inahlers should not be sed with antileukotienes D. Patient should shke the canister while taking a deep breath in and out. - correct answer- C A 3year old female presents with reports of recent cold symptoms according to her mother. On exam you note that she has a lwo grade fever, a cough, and dyspnea. her lungs are clean on auscultation. A Clary has recently experienced significant weight gain. His mother resports that he receives a healthy diet and is relatively active. After interviewing the mother to examine Calrys medical history and the medical hsiotry of his family. you determine that he is note susceptible to any gentetic concdtions or predisposition to obesity. Othe rthan a controlled presention of bipolar disorder, clays mother notes that he is a relatively happy and active boy. You perform a series of tests which yield results indicating no endocrine disease. Which of the following is the most likely cause of CLays weight gain? A. type 2 diabetes mellitus B. pracer-willi syndrome C. type 1 diabeted mellitus D. medication- induced obesity - correct answer- D Mitcher a 10 year old male is a new patient under the nurse practtioners care. In answering the requiste health and vaccination question form, his mother could nto remember the last ime he was adminiserted the DTaP vaccine. According to the 2012 American academy of pediatricians immunization schedule, which vaccine should the NP administer? A. DTaP B. Tdap C. Tetanus immune globulin D. Tetanus, diphtheria vaccine - correct answer- B Sheena is watching her mother serve brownies to her and her siblings. Her mother starts with two large brownies of equal size. She takes one bwonie and cutes it in half, placing both portions on a plate. She takes the second brownie and cuts it into four pieces, placing the four pieces on a separate plate. Sheena knows that even though the second brownie was cut into more pieces than the first brownie, btoh brownies still total to the same amount of browine, Which stage of Jean Piaget's theory of Cognitive development is sheena most likely in if she just recelty grasped this concept A. Sensorimotor stage B. Preoperational stage C. Concerete operation stage D. Formal operational stage - correct answer- C Newborns have several reflexs that if present at a specific age indicate a healthy child, Which of the following is most indicateive of a healthy child or baby A. A 4 month old inface who when starteld straigens the arms and hands outward while the knees flex, then slowly returns them to the chest. B. A 30 month old infant with fanning and hyperextension of toes and dorsiflexion of the big toe when the lateral asoect if tge sike us strijed frin tge geek yoward acriss tge ball of the foot C. A 6 month okd nfact in spine postion with the head turned to one sides straightens the extremites on the same side and flex the extremies on the opposite died. D. a 3 motnh old infact held upright with one foot touching a flat surgace pulls both knees to the chest timultanesouly. - correct answer- A A 15 yer old girl has retuned from mexico and has been experience a prolonged bout of diarrhea. The girl is also experiencing nausea, some vomiting, and cramping abdominal pain. What should the pediatric nurse practitioner prescribe for treatment? A. prton pump inhibiotrs B. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole C. Histamine H2 D. Pain managemtn - correct answer- B A Mother comes to the emergency room with her very ill 9 month old son. the baby is pale and he has a three day history of jelly like stools, vomiting and inconsolable crying. On exam the nurse practioner notes abdominal distention, a sausage-shaped mass in the right upper quadrant, and blood in the abbays rectum. Which of the following tests should you order to confrum the suspecte diagnosis? A. radiograph B. adominal ultrasound C. magnetic resonance imaging D. computed tomography scan - correct answer- A You meet your new patient, Ali, in the exam room. You see that Ali has drawn a picture of her mother that includes a face, body, legs, arms and hari. Based on this behavior, how old do you suppose Ali is/ A. 2 years old B. 3 years old C. 4 years odl D. 5 years old - correct answer- C Tyrone a 17 year old amateur boxer is rushed to the emergency room with a 40 our history of abdominal pain. Despite the pain, he continued to train for an upcoming boxing match. last ngith, however, the pain became so severe, it forced him to stop. On exam you note that there is right lower quadratnt guarding with rebougnd tenderness, pain with his right thigh extension and pain with rotation of his flexed right thigh. The patent says he has been experiencing nausea. Considereing the length of time since the signs began, which of the following should the nurse practitrioner be most concerned about? A. peritonitis B. perforation C. appendiceal abscess D. high fever. - correct answer- B You are evaluating an adolescent male in a urgent care center experiencing suden onset of severe pain related to his untreated slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE). Which of the follwin options would you not expect to be a part of the managemtn plan for this patient? A. Home rest and see primary physician the following week B. No ambulation permitted C. Breast milk is good, but theresa ahsoul supplement breast milk with 0.25 mg of fluoride per day. D. Breast milk is good, but Theresa should replace one feeding a dya with iron-fortitied infant foruma.. - correct answer- B A 16 year old girl jody tells you that she is experience headahces, dizziness, and occasional nose bleeds. Her mother also notes that recently jody has recently been unreasonably irribtale. Upon physical exam, you not a loud aortic second heart sound and an early systolic ejection click. Which blood pressure reading below most likely confirms you suspected diagnosis A. greater than 1223/78 B. Greater than 144/92 C. greater than 137/86 D. Greater than 117/76 - correct answer- B Wha is the leading cause of death among infants? A. developmental and genetic disorders B. accidents C. cancer D. homicide - correct answer- A When is it sometimes a good diea to delay toilet training? A. the family is expecting a baby or recelty had a new baby B. When the child has nighttime control problems C. When the child is 2 D. The child can floow simple instructions. - correct answer- A You are evaluating a 14 month odl baby. During the physical examination, the babty cires out despite your many attemps to comfort him. t e hcidl also refuses oral medication. the physical exam reveals tachycardia and the baby's temperature is at 101F. Additionally, during the phsycial exam, the child exhibits an involuntary flexion of the leg when his neck is flexed. Which of the following is not an expected lab find ing this child/ A. 700 white blood cell count B. Cloudy cerebrospinal fluid C. 300 mg/dL protein D. Increased of 65 mg/dL in glucose - correct answer- D Jennifer, 18 vists you for the first time. She mentions that she has now missed her last 2 menstrual cycles. She also tells you that, though she is sexually active, she and her boyfriend has always been respobsible when it comes to safe sex. She dose nto watnt her parets to find out if there is a problem. Of the follwoins which is the best approach to this situation? A. Adminsiter a pregnancy test. B. Refer the patient C. Ask the patient to come back after her next anticapted cycle D. Tell the aptietns parents. - correct answer- A A couple the smithes bring in their 13 year odl daughter, angela, for a checkup. They are concerned because angela has started to et pimpels. and they both had clear skin as teenages. Upon examination, you note that angela has startedto develop breasts but no nipple separation, and that she has minimal buopc hair growth<> The smiths want to make sure that their daughter is healthy. To reassure them, you explain that angela is on schedule with which tanner stage? A. tanger stage I B. tanner stage 2 C. tanner stage 3 D. Tammer stage 4 - correct answer- C Which of the following ranges is considered noraml with regar to newborn vital signs? A. pulse 120 to 160 beats per minute, breathing rate 30 to 60 breaths per minute B. Pulse 140 to `80 beats per muntue; breathing rate 15 to 20 breaths per minute C. pulse 90 to 110 beats per minutes; breathing rate 20 to 40 breaths per minute D. pulse 160 to 170 beats per mintues; breawthing rate 30 to 60 breathsper mintues - correct answer- A Severn year old colin comes to your office. his parents explain that he has been bed ridden with bronchitis for the past 5 days. His father tells you that colin was limpin yesterday but was bale to get out of bed uch more easily than the previous four days. Colin tells you that he fells some pain in his left hip. An axaminatino indicates colins' temperatue is normal. Whild hildin the hip in flexion with sligh abduction and external rotiaton you do nto detect any limitation in colin's range of motion. When you try to log roll test, you detect involuntary muscle guarding on the left side but no swelling or redness in the hip. Of the folowni, which is the most likey diagnosis? A. septic arthritis B. juvenile rheumatoid arthiris C. toxic synovitis D. slipped capital femoral epiphysis - correct answer- C A mther bring her 1 year old child back to your office following a preiovus visit for an upper respiraty infection. today the mother teslls you that the child experience a decreased appetite and praid breathing, along with fits of wheezing. Which of the following diagnoses is most liely? A. Asthma B. Bonchilitis C. pneumonia