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BDS Modules B17-B21: Questions With Correct
Solutions
You are teaching a hungry child to request "fork". you place a plate of food in front of the child, and you do not provide a fork. With respect to saying "fork", the presence of food without a fork is Correct Ans - CMO-T You begin to read a book, but the words look blurry. Most likely, the blurry words Correct Ans - all of the above are an AO for being handed an additional book are an EO for you eye glasses are an MO for you eye glasses You begin to read a book, but the words look blurry. Most likely, the blurry words Correct Ans - are an MO for your eyeglasses A plate of food and no fork is place in front of a hungry child. If the child says "fork" you provide one. If you are not present, there is no one else to give her a fork. You are Correct Ans - an SD You are driving down the highway low on gas. In the distance, you see a lighted gas station sign and take the next exit. With respect to driving toward the sign, reaching the sign is Correct Ans - a conditioned reinforcer You are teaching a hungry child to request "fork". You place a plate of food in front of the child, and you do not provide a fork. With respect to saying "fork", hunger is Correct Ans - a UMO
A child in your class frequently asks the teacher to eat alone in the classroom when it gets too noisy in the cafeteria. Usually the teacher grants this request. However, if it is noisy and the teacher is not there, the child must remain in the cafeteria. The teacher's presence is Correct Ans - an SD For a stimulus to be an SD, in its absence the behavior Correct Ans - is not followed by a consequence that would have reinforcing value at the time You begin to read a book, but the words look blurry. The blurry words could have an Correct Ans - evocative effect on looking for glasses You begin to read a book, but the words look blurry. You see your glasses sitting next to your spouse who typically gives them to you when you ask. You say, "Please pass my glasses". Most likely Correct Ans - your spouse and the glasses sitting beside your spouse make up an SD for requesting glasses You begin to read a book but the words look blurry. The blurry words could have an Correct Ans - all of the above abative effect on reading abative effect on requesting additional reading material evocative effect on looking for glasses A toddler ignores a particular toy. When a peer (mary) begins to play with it, the toddler approaches Mary. With respect to this approach, Mary playing with the toy is Correct Ans - CMO-T A child walks into a kitchen. There are no people around. The child says, "cookie" walks to the cupboard, opens the door takes a cookies,
You begin to read a bok, but the words look blurry. You see your glasses sitting next to your spouse who gives them to you when you ask. You say, "please pass my glasses" Correct Ans - evocative effect An MO Correct Ans - alters the reinforcing value of an object, effect, or stimulus You are driving down the highway low on gas. In the distance, you see a lighted gas station sign and take the next exit. The sign in the distance is Correct Ans - an SD A child engages in self-injurous behavior maintained by attention. The child has been sitting alone quietly for a long time. Self-injury suddenly commences when the child's mother walks into the room. The mother walking into the room is probably Correct Ans - an SD Rule-governed behavior is primarily a function of the Correct Ans - history of reinforcement with the rule-giver Kindergarten children participated in an experiment of "delayed gratification". A marshmallow was placed in front of each child and they were told, "if you don't eat the marshmallow for 5 minutes, you can have 2 marshmallows." The behavior of the children who waited is an example of Correct Ans - rule-governed behavior Behavior for which maintaining consequences are delayed by 30 seconds or more is probably Correct Ans - rule-governed behavior Generally, when people are seeking their native language, their grammar is Correct Ans - contingency-shaped behavior according to Malott, Whaley, and Malott, rules function Correct Ans
long-delayed outcomes that control the behavior that produces them are likely to be Correct Ans - large You used the help function of your software program to determine how to insert a picture and followed the procedure step-by-step to successfully insert a picture. You now perform this task fluently. Your later success at inserting pictures is an example of Correct Ans - contingency-shaped behavior According to Malott, Whaley, and Malott, a rule may Correct Ans - establish rule-breaking as an aversive motivating condition All behavior that repeats and is controlled by the outcomes it produces can be classified as Correct Ans - contingency shaped or rule governed A type of long-delayed outcome that interferes with behavior control is what which is Correct Ans - all of the above small cumulative improbable If behavior is controlled by the long-delayed outcomes it produces, those outcomes are likely to be Correct Ans - probable and sizable If behavior is controlled by the long-delayed outcomes it procudes, one feature of those outcomes may be that they are Correct Ans - highly likely to occur To learn to insert a pricture into a document you consult the help function of your software program. you follow the procedure step by step and successfully insert a picture. In this scenario, your inserting the picture is an example of Correct Ans - rule-goverened behavior
a childs stomach growls, cookie jar and parents are present, child asks for a cookie. This is a Correct Ans - mand under control of cookie Mands Correct Ans - are reinforced by a specified consequence Which contains all mands Correct Ans - please, shhh which is typically a mand Correct Ans - all of the above the word "mand" is derived from Correct Ans - all of the above verbal responses that specify their reinforcers are Correct Ans - mands a child finishes their entire lunch, which included a sweet dessert. They ask to leave the table, stating they are full. As the child leaves the kitchen, they see a cookie jar and ask for a cookie. This is Correct Ans
- verbal mand uner control of cookie jar the form of a mand may be Correct Ans - Influenced by the SD which is typically a mand? Correct Ans - watch your step they see a cookie jar and say cookie Correct Ans - tact a mand will not occur without a/an Correct Ans - MO Duck! is a mand in the presence of Correct Ans - a brick get me out of here is Correct Ans - typically a mand mands are reinforced by Correct Ans - A specific consequence mands are primarily under the control of Correct Ans - MO
An orphan child regularly cries when a visitor enters the common room, and he is then picked up by a staff member. Crying is Correct Ans - a mand Duck is a tact in the presence of a Correct Ans - large aquatic bird Convergent multiple control is what occurs when Correct Ans - a single response is under teh control of multiple varibales a child is able to tact the names of stimuli but is not successful at an identiy matching task involving the same stimuli. A possible explantation for the problem is that the child's responding is not under Correct Ans - joint control delayed or non-identical matching tasks depend on possessing both generalized tact and echoic repertoires. This phenomenon is a special type of convergent multiple control known as Correct Ans - joint control which of the following behavior probably are under convergent multiple control? a child Correct Ans - selects pictures deliveres a note in repsosnes to spoken words delayed or non-identical matching tasks require a special type of multiple control. Specifically, they depend on the joint thematic and formal control of both Correct Ans - tacts and echoics when the form of a verbal response is NOT determined by the topography of its controlling stimulus, it probably is under Correct Ans - thematic control
with respect to verbal behacior, the two types of multiple control are Correct Ans - convergent and divegent divergent multiple control is what occurs when Correct Ans - a single controls multiple responses which of the following behaiors are under formal control Correct Ans
- writing down what a professor says reading a bedtime story to a child copying a favorite quote a child saying blue immediately after a parent says the flag is red white and blue a given response has been differentially reinforced only when a specific configuration of multiple antecedent stimuli is present. a response that occurrs only when this configuration is present is a Correct Ans - conditional discrimination you tell your colleagues Correct Ans - divergent control when the form of a verbal response is determined by the topography of its controlling stimulus, it is under Correct Ans - formal control a child is learning about features of modes of transportation Correct Ans - convergent control a decision as to which tomato to pick from your garden to have for lunch is probably Correct Ans - under mutliple control and also a child is able to echo the names of stimuli but is not successful at an identity matching task involving the same stimuli. A possible
explanation for the problem is that the child's responding is not under Correct Ans - joint control Your client is a child with significant language challenges. You are teaching them to follow one-step directions. For every instruction you deliver you simultaneously present a photograph that depicts the desired action. You are employing a prompting strategy to capitalize on Correct Ans - convergent control Which is an example of convergent multiple control? Saying "dog" Correct Ans - in the presence of an actual dog, the written word dog, and upon hearing the phrase "man's best friend" A given response has been differentially reinforced only when a specific configuration of multiple antecedent stimuli is present. A response that occurs only when this configuration is present is a Correct Ans - conditional discrimination When the form of a verbal response is not determined by the topography of its controlling stimulus, it probably is under Correct Ans - thematic control Which is an example of divergent multiple control? Saying "dog" Correct Ans - in the presence of an actual dog, then naming the type of dog, and approaching the dog cautiously and asking if it may be petted a child is learning about the features of modes of transportation. When the teacher presents an array of several photographs of passenger vehicles and asks, which one goes on tracks? the child points to the train. Their response is under Correct Ans - convergent control Delayed or non-identical matching tasks depend on possessing both generalized tact and echoic repertoires. The phenomenon is a special
an intraverba; response Correct Ans - is controlled by a verbal SD and has no point-to-point correspondence a verbal operant that gives an indication of MOs affecting the speaking is a/an Correct Ans - mand "go to your room" is Correct Ans - a mand if said to a child to get him to go to his room a tact if said in repsonse to a picture depicting somweone gesturing for another person to go to their room neither a mand nor a tact if said in repsonse to someone reading, "go to your room", in a novel a verbal operant that makes reference to features of the environment regardless of the MO influencing the speaker is a/an Correct Ans - tact an intraverbal is a verbal operant Correct Ans - where the response does not have point-to-point correspondence questions are usually Correct Ans - mands for verbal behavior it can be difficult to teach children to tact private events accuretely because Correct Ans - the stimulus is not directly visible to the teacher a child walks into a room, sees a ball, and says "ball" saying ball is Correct Ans - a tact manding tends to be maintained by Correct Ans - acquiring the object/event manded
tacting is Correct Ans - primarily controlled by a nonverbal event, object, relation, or property kaya says "i want juice" leigh responds "you must be thirsty" leighs response is an example of Correct Ans - an intraverbal "jump", is a/an Correct Ans - all of the above generally speaking, mands and tacts are controlled by ___ and ___, respectively Correct Ans - MOs and SDs "go to your room" is Correct Ans - a tact if said in repsonse an intraverbal is a verbal operant Correct Ans - all of the above where the stimulus if verbal that is reinforced by generalized reinforcement where the response does not have point-to-point corresponding a tact reference to features in the environment Correct Ans - regardless of what MOs might be affecting the speaker a verbal response that follows a verbal stimulus of another person and dors not have point-to-point correspondence is Correct Ans - an intraverbal tacting tends to be maintained by Correct Ans - generalized conditioned reinforcement which part of the diagram represents derived relations? Correct Ans
which part of the diagram represents transitive relationships? Correct Ans - 1 and 2 which part of the diagram represents transitive relationships? Correct Ans - 5 and 6 which part of the diagram represents originally trained relatiomships Correct Ans - 1 and 2 when a learner, without training, can treat any two stimuli as equivalent because each of them is equivelant to a third stimulus, this is called Correct Ans - transitivity when a learner can reverse the direction of matching of originally trained, formally distinct pairs, this is called Correct Ans - symmetry Which of the following are characteristics of equivalence classes? Correct Ans - when one member of the class is conditioned to elicit an emotional response that function will transfer to other members of the class when one member of the class, through training, becomes discriminative for an operant response other members of the class will also evoke that response all stimuli within an equivalence class Correct Ans - evoke functionally similar responses when stimuli are arbitrarily related in equivalence classes, derived relationships among them are Correct Ans - all going to evoke similar responses
when stimuli are arbitrarily related in equivalence classes, derived relationships among them are Correct Ans - established without direct teaching Once a child is taught to pick a cap when shown HAT and to pick HAT when shown a beanie, which of the following would be a derived relation? Correct Ans - picking a cap when shown a beanie Once a child is taught to pick a cap when shown HAT and pick a HAT when shown a beanie, which of the following would demonstrate symmetry? Correct Ans - picking HAT when shown a cap While looking through a picture album with their grandmother, a child learns to point to the grandmother when shown the word GRANDMA and point to the grandmother when shown a younger picture of the grandmother a younger woman. Which of the following would demonstrate reflexivity? Correct Ans - pointing to the picture of the young grandmother While looking through a picture album with their grandmother, a child learns to point to the grandmother when shown the word GRANDMA and point to the grandmother when shown a younger picture of the grandmother a younger woman. Which of the following would demonstrate transitivity? Correct Ans - pointing to GRANDMA when shown a picture of the young grandma When stimuli are arbitrarily related in equivalence classes, derived relationships among them are Correct Ans - all of the above not dependent established without direct teaching all going to evoke similar responses
picking a hat when shown hat picking hat when shown a cap Transfer of function is a term that applies to equivalence relations. It refers to the fact that when new stimuli are added to an equivalence class, they will Correct Ans - evoke repsonses similar While looking through a picture album with their grandmother, a child learns to point to the grandmother when shown the word GRANDMA and point to the grandmother when shown a younger picture of the grandmother a younger woman. Which of the following would demonstrate symmetry? Correct Ans - pointing to gramda when seeing actual grandma a learner can derive the relationship from B and A after being taught the arbitrary relation from A to B. The general term for this type of derived relation is Correct Ans - mutual You are considering routes for a drive to the beach. You are told that Route 1 is longer than Route 95 and Route 95 is longer than Route 295. Relating these stimuli in a frame of comparison, you recognize that the shortest route is Correct Ans - 295 Combinatorial entailment is term that, at its most general, refers to Correct Ans - two stimuli being related due to their respective relations with a third stimulus A learner, without training, can relate any two stimuli - equivalent or nonequivalent - because of their respective arbitrary relations with a common third stimulus. The general term for this type of derived relation is Correct Ans - comb The music of composer A always makes you sad, and the music of composer B always makes you happy. A friend invites you to attend a
concert, but when you learn that the music has been compared to composer A, you decline the invitation. In terms of relational frames, you were related the music in a frame of Correct Ans - coordination One stimulus evokes a particular response. If a seconds stimulus becomes related to the first stimulus - including in a nonequivalence relation - it will alter the effect of the second stimuli on behavior. The general term for this phenomenon is Correct Ans - transformation of function Within a nonequivalent relational frame, combinatorial entailment occurs when a learner Correct Ans - derives You learn that Person X is mean. If you relate person Y to Person X in a from of opposition, you would conclude that Peron Y is Correct Ans - Nice One stimulus evokes a particular response. If a second stimulus becomes equivalent to the first stimulus, whether the relation is taught or derived, then the second stimulus also will evoke the response. The specific term for this phenomenon particular to equivalence classes is Correct Ans - transfer of function Transitivity is to equivalence relations as ____ is to nonequivalence relations Correct Ans - combinatorial entailment You learn that person X is meaner that Person Y and you conclude that Person Y is nicer than Person X. You have related Persons X and Y in a frame of Correct Ans - distinction (comparison) Symmetry is to equivalence relations as ___ is to nonequivalence relations Correct Ans - Mutual entailment
