Bio 101 Final – Straighterline(QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS)., Exams of Biology

Download Bio 101 Final – Straighterline(QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS). and more Exams Biology in PDF only on Docsity! Bio 101 Final – Straighterline(QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS) You are most likely to see hag fish, sperm whales, and viperfish inhabiting which of the following zones of the ocean? - answer bathypelagic What was the first seed plant to appear? - answer gymnosperm In a pedigree for an autosomal recessive disorder, which of the following will occur if two homozygous unaffected individuals mate? - answer They will have unaffected offspring. Both bacteria and archaea are which of the following types of organism? - answer prokaryotic Which of the following accurately describes transcriptional control of gene expression in eukaryotes? - answer Transcription factors help RNA polymerase bind to promoter sequences Based on their chemical equations, photosynthesis and cellular respiration have which of the following relationships? - answer opposite reactions Which of the following parts of a plant seed turns into the root system? - answer radicle Which of the following equations is often used to show that an enzyme has formed a complex with its substrate? Select one: - answer substrate + enzyme ⇒ enzyme-substrate complex ⇒ enzyme + product What type of muscle cell has branching, striated cells, each containing a single nucleus? - answer cardiac muscle Which of the following cell structures is associated with cellular respiration? - answer mitochondria Male peacocks having more ornate plumage than their female counterparts is an example of which of the following features of ecological behavior? - answer sexual dimorphism Which organic molecule is composed of an amino group, a carboxylic acid group, and an R group? - answer amino acid specialized at which level of organization? - answer organ system Which answer choice lists the steps of the scientific method in the correct order? - answer c. observation, hypothesis, experiment, conclusion, scientific theory Which statement regarding the scientific method is false? - answer Original hypotheses are formed after an experiment. Which of these classification categories contains the closest related organisms? - answer genus Organs are composed of tissues, which are composed of cells. This is an example of which characteristic of life? - answer Living things have levels of hierarchical organization. When comparing energy and chemicals in an ecosystem - answer chemicals cycle over and over again but energy flows through once. Which statement regarding the scientific method is false? - answer Theories formed in everyday life carry the same validity as a scientific theory Which of these is an example of inductive reasoning used to form a hypothesis? - answer Every fungus that has ever been studied absorbs its food; therefore, food absorption is characteristic of fungi. Which of the following is one of the domains of life? - answer Eukarya When you are overheated, you perspire, and when you are too cold, you shiver to generate heat. Which property of life is best represented by this example? - answer homeostasis The layer where organisms can exist on the surface of the earth is the - answer biosphere Which domains contain organisms that lack a membrane-bound nucleus? - answer Archaea & Bacteria The term "biodiversity" refers to - answer the total number of species, variation of species and the ecosystems in which they live. If a new anti-cancer drug is found effective in initial tests with mice, what do researchers conclude? - answer The drug is effective in the mouse model; it must still be tested in humans. Using technology in the field of agriculture has enabled farmers to feed a growing human population. True False - answer True The common name for "cat" in Spanish is "gato" and in Chinese is "mao." Which of the following statements pertaining to the use of scientific names instead of common names is false? - answer The common name clearly identifies an organism as unique. What is the correct format for the binomial name of human beings? - answer Homo sapiens The smallest unit that has all of the characteristics of life is the - answer cell protein that should normally contain alpha helices but instead they have changed into a protein made of beta pleated sheets. The disease appears to spread when the abnormal protein comes into contact with the normal protein, causing it to become deformed. Which level of protein structure is associated with these diseases? - answer secondary The most efficient method to produce ATP in animal cells is by glycolysis. Select one: True False - answer False Which of the following molecules is NOT a compound? - answer H2 Which of the following is NOT a characteristic shared by cellular respiration and photosynthesis? - answer Both processes produce oxygen Aspirin is acetyl salicylic acid and can therefore pose a problem to people who have ulcers. Bufferin uses a buffer to neutralize this effect by - answer adding chemicals that take up excess hydrogen (H+) ions. Since pure water is neutral, it contains - answer an equal number of hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide ions (OH-). A forest contains vegetation that is in constant battle with the many insect caterpillars that eat the vegetation. Which of the following strategies would not be a driving force in this evolutionary battle? - answer The caterpillars are selected that eat the least leaf material. Whether or not an enzyme is active and present within a cell depends on all of the following except Select one: - answer whether the enzyme catalyzes an endergonic or exergonic reaction. Which of the following is NOT a correct statement about the second law of thermodynamics and entropy? - answer Carbon dioxide and water form glucose without the input of energy. An acetyl group contains how many carbons? - answer two Which nutrient source is the easiest one for humans to breakdown and form ATP? - answer glucose In which plant structure does photosynthesis primarily occur? - answer leaf What is the equation for photosynthesis? - answer Energy + 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2 NADH and FADH2 bring electrons to the electron transport chain during cellular respiration. Select one: True False - answer True ATP can be broken down into - answer ADP plus phosphate plus energy. Which of the following types of lipid is the most abundant constituent of cell membranes? - answer phospholipid A researcher samples the waters of the boiling hot springs in Yellowstone National Park. Under the microscope, she observes what appear to be living cells in the water. If these indeed are living cells, what type of cell would they most likely be? - answer prokaryotic, archaea Proteins do NOT pass through cell membranes because - answer they are very large molecules. Meiosis results in a change in chromosome number indicated by - answer 2n to n. In some plants, the haploid stage is the dominant stage while in humans, the diploid stage is the dominant stage. True False - answer True The formation of sperm gametes is termed - answer spermatogenesis. The chromatids are held together at a region called the centromere. True False - answer True Cellular respiration is best associated with the - answer mitochondrion. Upon examination, a cell is found to have twice as much DNA as the normal diploid state but is no longer in the process of replicating the DNA. All of the DNA is found within a single nucleus. Which stage of the cell cycle is this cell in? - answer G2 phase Microtubules found in spindle fibers are capable of assembling and disassembling. - answer True If a particular molecule is brought into the cell by receptor-medicated endocytosis, then changing the receptors will change the molecule that is being transported. - answer True The "powerhouse" of the cell is the - answer mitochondria. The ____ will store pigments and toxins in plant cells. - answer vacuole Synapsis occurs during what stage of meiosis? - answer prophase I Which components of a cell membrane are used for cell-to-cell recognition? - answer glycoproteins If a cell lacked ribosomes, it would NOT be able to - answer synthesize proteins. Macrophages, a type of white blood cells, are able to remove bacteria from our bloodstream and tissues by - answer phagocytosis. A semipermeable membrane sac filled with water and large molecules of potassium is suspended in a beaker of distilled water. What will happen? - answer Water will enter the sac and it will swell. Certain individuals with a Y chromosome develop into females because testosterone is not able to induce the formation of male sexual characteristics. This is most likely due to a defect in - answer the receptor flowers. What condition does this demonstrate? - answer Incomplete dominance Which of the following is NOT a concern over the use of genetically engineered corn? - answer resistance to herbicides An oncogene is - answer a mutated form of a proto-oncogene. An XXX female would most likely result from nondisjunction in - answer the mother during egg formation. What determines whether or not genes located on the same chromosome can assort independently? - answer The distance between genes located on the same chromosome determines whether or not they can show any level of independent assortment. According to the operon theory, the function of the regulator gene is to - answer code for a repressor molecule that can bind to the operator. Which disorder is characterized by a lack of the protein dystrophin? - answer muscular dystrophy Which does NOT describe a function of the DNA polymerase molecule? - answer make the proper nucleotide to match with the base read on the old strand Transgenic crop plants have been created that do all of the following except - answer transgenic plants have been produced that can do all of the things listed. A pheasant breeder starts with two birds in the P generation, one of which is AA and the other is aa. If he takes two of the birds from the F1 generation and breeds them together, what can he expect in his F2 offspring? - answer AA, Aa, and aa The enzyme that is used to join complementary DNA nucleotides together is - answer DNA polymerase. Apoptosis refers to cell death and - answer can be programmed and is essential to normal development. Which genetic disorder is associated with an irregular shape of the red blood cells? - answer Sickle cell disease