Bio 101 Study Guide Exam Questions with Complete Solutions 100% Verified Answers, Exams of Nursing

Download Bio 101 Study Guide Exam Questions with Complete Solutions 100% Verified Answers and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

Bio 101 Study Guide Exam Questions with Complete Solutions

100% Verified Answers

5 characteristics of living things - Verified Answer energy, internal constancy, reproduce grow and develop, evolve, organize in a specific way Steps of studying the natural world - Verified Answer make observations Frame a question that relates Propose a hypothesis Make a prediction Design and conduct an experiment (a controlled experiment) Analyze your results and draw conclusions Submit for publication Hypothesis - Verified Answer a tentative, often narrow explanation regarding the natural world A hypothesis must be - Verified Answer testable and falsifiable Theory - Verified Answer a well substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world What is capable of explaining much data and many observations? - Verified Answer A theory What is homeostasis - Verified Answer the state of internal constancy? What is an adaptation? - Verified Answer An inherited characteristic that enables an organism to successfully survive and reproduce Organic Molecules - Verified Answer compounds containing both carbon and hydrogen

Four organic molecules are - Verified Answer carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids Carbohydrate monomer/ polymer - Verified Answer glucose/ glycogen, starch, cellulose Lipid monomer/ polymer - Verified Answer fatty acid/ triglycerides Protein monomer/ polymer - Verified Answer amino acid/ protein Nucleic acids monomer/ polymer - Verified Answer nucleotides/ DNA + RNA What is the simplest of the main organic molecules - Verified Answer Carbohydrates? Carbohydrates are used as - Verified Answer a source of energy and structural molecules Lipids - Verified Answer rich in ___, good for long-term "Energy storage and insulation There are three types of lipids - Verified Answer fats, sterols, and phospholipids What do fats do? - Verified Answer regulate long term energy storage and regulation What do sterols do? - Verified Answer regulate growth and development What do phospholipids do? - Verified Answer form the membrane that enclose cells What is the most diverse organic molecule? - Verified Answer proteins Give five examples of functions that proteins have - Verified Answer structural, protective, regulatory, contractile, transport

Name the four structures of proteins - Verified Answer Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, and Quaternary Nucleic acids main function - Verified Answer storage and transmission of genetic info Two main types of nucleic acids - Verified Answer DNA and RNA What does each nucleotide consist of? - Verified Answer a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, a nitrogenous base What does DNA store? - Verified Answer genetic info on how to make proteins and how to replicate itself All cells share these characteristics - Verified Answer 1. A cell membrane (aka plasma membrane) as a boundary

2. DNA as genetic material
3. RNA as protein synthesis
4. Ribosomes for protein manufacture
5. Proteins that do the cell's work
6. All cells have cytoplasm Nucleus - Verified Answer genetic control of the cell, executive boardroom Chloroplasts - Verified Answer energy conversion; organelles in plants and algae that capture energy from the sun to produce food Mitochondria - Verified Answer sites of cellular respiration "power house" of the cell Endosymbiosis Theory "Living Inside" "Inside" Theory - Verified Answer genetic changes made the microorganisms incapable of living on their own. This interdependency led to modern compartmentalized eukaryotic cells Metabolism - Verified Answer sum of all the reactions in cells Producers are - Verified Answer autotrophs

Consumers are - Verified Answer heterotrophs Energy is not cycled, true or false - Verified Answer true Endergonic reactions... - Verified Answer require an input of energy Endergonic reactions build - Verified Answer complex molecules from simpler ones Exergonic reactions... - Verified Answer release energy An example of an endergonic/ exergonic reaction - Verified Answer photosynthesis/ cellular respiration ATP is made up of - Verified Answer adenine, ribose, and a three phosphate group ATP can donate this to another molecule - Verified Answer 3rd phosphate ADP synthesis is endergonic and ...energy - Verified Answer stores energy Photosynthesis transforms ___ energy into ___ energy. - Verified Answer light/ chemical Three steps of Cellular Respiration - Verified Answer Glycolysis, Krebs’s Cycle, and Electron Transport Chain Glycolysis with oxygen is ______and the without oxygen it is _______ - Verified Answer cellular respiration/ fermentation What occurs during the Krebs’s cycle? - Verified Answer carbons are converted into CO2, which is then released into the atmosphere. where does glycolysis occur? - Verified Answer in the cytoplasm where does the kreb's cycle occur? - Verified Answer in the mitochondria

Where does the Electron Transport Chain occur? - Verified Answer in the mitochondria What is the main purpose of the electron transport chain? - Verified Answer to generate energy How do prokaryotes and unicellular eukaryotes reproduce? - Verified Answer asexually through cell division How do prokaryotes reproduce? - Verified Answer binary fission How do unicellular eukaryotes produce? - Verified Answer mitosis Explain the process of binary fission - Verified Answer an exact copy of the cell's DNA is made, cell elongates, cell begins to pinch into two, and two genetically identical daughter cells are produced What do multicellular eukaryotes use cell division for? - Verified Answer growth, development, repair of damaged tissues/ cells