BIO 171 Final Exam-with 100% verified solutions-2024-2025.docx, Exams of Nursing

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BIO 171 Final Exam-with 100% verified solutions-2024- 2025

Due No due date Points 120 Questions 30 Time Limit 90

Minutes Requires Respondus LockDown Browser

Instructions

The Final Exam is composed of questions based upon material presented in the entire course. It will assess your level of mastery of the course content and goals. The format of the exam is similar to past module exams. You are about to begin a timed exam. Please make sure you are in a suitable, quiet place, free from distraction.

Attempt History

Attempt Time Score LATEST Attempt 1 89 minutes 45 out of 120 * * Some questions not yet graded Score for this quiz: 45 out of 120 * Submitted Jun 20 at 11:41pm This attempt took 89 minutes. Match each of the following organelles with the correct description. Correct! (^) Nucleus Contains genomic c ou Answered (^) Endoplasmic reticulum (^) Site of photosynthe Question 1 2 /^4 pts

2 / 21 Correct Answer (^) Series of membrane- enclosed sacs and interconnected tubes Correct! (^) Lysosomes Contain hydrolytic e ou Answered (^) Chloroplasts Series of membran Correct Answer Site of photosynthes is Answer: An image is formed from the interactions of electrons as they reflect off (not through) the surface of the specimen. Samples are coated in either gold or palladium to enhance electron reflections. The reflection is seen in 3-D rendering. Your Answer: The SEM is an instrument that produces a largely magnified image by using electrons instead of light, in the formation of an image Briefly explain how a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) forms an image of subcellular organelles, substrates, and viral particles. Question 2 Not^ yet^ graded^ /^4 pts Question 3 2 /^4 pts

3 / 21 Match each of the following diseases to the correct bacterial family. ou Answered (^) Scalded Skin Syndrome (^) Staphylococc us Correct Answer Staph aureus Correct! (^) Bubonic plague Yersina pestis ou Answered (^) Opthalmia Neonatorium Staph aureus Correct Answer (^) Staphylococc us Correct! Legionnaires (^) Legionell a Identify each of the following microorganisms as either a Prokaryote or a Eukaryote.

1. E. Coli [ Select ]

Archaeons [ Select ] Question 4 4 /^4 pts

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Yeast [ Select ]

Amoeba [ Select ] Answer 1: Correct! Prokaryote Answer 2: Correct! (^) Prokaryote Answer 3: Correct! (^) Eukaryote Answer 4: Correct! Eukaryot e Match each of the following terms with the correct description. Correct! (^) Phototroph Utilize photons to g ou Answered (^) Lithotroph (^) Obtain their source Correct Answer (^) Remove electrons from inorganic molecules Question 5 2 /^4 pts

5 / 21 ou Answered Autotroph^ Remove electrons f Correct Answer (^) Obtain their source of carbon from inorganic molecules Correct! (^) Chemotroph Acquire energy from A researcher is looking to determine the source of contamination of a patient that presented with symptoms of food poisoning. To best determine between E. coli or Salmonella as the cause, what type of agar will be used to isolate the growth of each? orrect Answer (^) Differential Media Enriched Media Selective Media ou Answered (^) Selective and Differential Media Question 6 0 /^4 pts Place the following viral life cycle steps in order beginning with viral attachment (3points) and provide a description of “ENTRY” (1 point). Question 7 Not^ yet^ graded^ /^4 pts

6 / 21 Uncoating: Release: Replication: Attachment: Entry: New infection: Your Answer:

1. Attachment: This is where the virus attaches to the host cell
2. Entry: The virus pushes through, to enter the host cell
3. Uncoating: The virus breaks apart, while entering ito thr cytoplasm
4. Replication: The virus does through the process of reproducing new viral proteins
5. Release: The new formed viruses are released
6. New infection: New viruses are formed and vacate the host cell Answer: 1-Attachment 2-Entry: the virus fuses with the host membrane and enters the cell 3- Uncoating 4-Replication 5-Release 6-New infection Question 8 4 /^4 pts

7 / 21 The Gram stain differentiates between bacteria based on the composition of their. Cell Membrane Nucleu s Mitochondr ia Correct! (^) Cell Wall Correct! Rheumatic fever occurs in approximately three percent of untreated cases of Streptococcal pharyngitis, presenting approximately 2 to 3 weeks post-infection. Rheumatic fever Laryngiti s Conjunctivit is Klebsiella pneumonia Left untreated, three percent of cases of Streptococcal pharyngitis will progress to which of the following? Question 9 4 /^4 pts Describe TWO differences between DNA and RNA. Question 10 Not^ yet^ graded^ /^4 pts

8 / 21 Your Answer: DNA contains thymine, while RNA has the nucleobase uracil DNA stores and transmits genetic information, while RNA acts as a template for making proteins Answer: Any of the following are acceptable answers: RNA contains the sugar ribose rather than deoxyribose. RNA is always single-stranded, whereas DNA is double-stranded. While RNA contains the bases adenine, guanine, and cytosine, it does not utilize the pyrimidine base thymine. Instead, RNA contains uracil (U), which still pairs with adenine (A). Answer: True; Alpha hemolysis presents as a greenish-brown color due to partial lysis of red blood cells. Your Answer: True True or False. If the statement is false, change it to make it true. When grown on Blood Agar Plates (BAP), microbes capable of alpha hemolysis present as greenish-brown color colonies due to incomplete (partial) lysis of red blood cells. Question 11 Not^ yet^ graded^ /^4 pts

9 / 21 Correct! Products include pyruvate, NADH, ATP, and H+ The net gain is 4 ATP 2 molecules of ATP are required as reactants Reactants include glucose, NAD, and ATP Each of the following statements about glycolysis is true, except : Question 12 4 /^4 pts Describe the ONE main differences between lytic and temperate phages. Your Answer: Lytic phages does not lyse the host cell immediately and replicate using only the lytic cycle, while temperate phages replicate using both lytic and lysogenic cycles Question 13 Not^ yet^ graded^ /^4 pts

10 / 21 Answer: Lytic bacteriophages replicate within the host bacteria until it ruptures, whereas temperate (or lysogenic) phages primarily exist in a non-replicative state that does not kill the host cell. (or) Lytic phages replicate all viral proteins needed for the assembly of new virus particles whereas lysogenic phage genomes are integrated into the host genome, but production of viral proteins is suppressed. Answer: Vibrio Your Answer: Vibrio Bacteria that have a curved rod morphology are referred to as. Question 14 Not^ yet^ graded^ /^4 pts You want to observe the movement of microorganisms that are present in a sample of cheek cells obtained on a patient. Briefly explain the technique that you would use and how it is performed. Your Answer: Darkfield microscopy Question 15 Not^ yet^ graded^ /^4 pts

11 / 21 Answer: A wet mount stain is indicated. A small liquid culture (usually just a drop) containing a microorganism of interest is prepared, added to a slide, and then covered with a glass coverslip. The coverslip is present to both protect the objective and the specimen while also holding the microorganism in place. Wet mounts are used to observe the motility and behavior of an organism. Correct! COVID- 19 MERS SARS ARDS RSV What coronavirus-associated infection gave rise to quarantining and travel restrictions in 2003? Question 16 4 /^4 pts Match each type of agar plate to the corresponding general characteristics of each. ou Answered Question 17 1 /^4 pts

12 / 21 A multi-purpose media capable of growing a wide variety of microorganisms. LB Agar Correct Answer (^) Trypticase Soy Agar ou Answered (^) Also known as lysogeny broth, it is a multi-purpose media capable of growing a wide variety of microorganisms. Trypticase Soy Aga Correct Answer (^) LB Agar ou Answered (^) Pale red in color and is both selective and differential media. The presence of crystal violet and bile salts in its formulation restricts Gram- positive bacterial growth. As such, only Gram- negative microbes can be grown. Trypticase Soy Aga Correct Answer (^) MacConkey Agar Correct! (^) This Agar is selective for Gram-positive bacteria and can differentiate members of the Staphylococci family. Mannitol Salt Agar

13 / 21 Answer: False: TB is primarily considered a respiratory infection, but once it fully colonizes the lungs, TB can move through the blood to other areas including the brain, spine, and kidneys. Your Answer: False, it only affects the PNS True or False. If the statement is false, change it to make it true. Leprosy can move through the blood to other areas including the brain, spine, and kidneys. Question 18 Not^ yet^ graded^ /^4 pts Answer: False. Proteins can function to catalyze biochemical processes, play a role in structure, and they can enable movement. Your Answer: True True or False. If the statement is false, change it to make it true. Proteins can function to catalyze biochemical processes and play a role in structure, but they cannot enable movement. Question 19 Not^ yet^ graded^ /^4 pts

Question 21 0 /^4 pts 14 / 21 Match each type of microscopy with the correct description. ou Answered (^) The simplest form of light, or optical, microscopes. Light, most often emitted from a standard halogen bulb, enters the microscope from the base (bottom) and is reflected via mirrors towards the sample. Phase Contrast Mic Correct Answer (^) Bright Field Microscope Answer: The genome in the viral vector only encodes for a spike protein and not the other components of the virus. Therefore, new virions or virus particles cannot be made or replicated. Your Answer: The vaccine does not transmit the actual infection You are working with a patient who claims a friend “got the COVID-19 infection from the vaccine”. Explain why the viral vector vaccine used to prevent the COVID-19 infection cannot transmit the actual infection. Question 20 Not^ yet^ graded^ /^4 pts

15 / 21 ou Answered (^) Incoming light is in the form of the ultraviolet (UV) spectrum. Electron Microscop Fluorescence Microscope ou Answered (^) Can provide detailed images of live cells without staining. Dark field Microsco Phase Contrast Microscope ou Answered (^) Use of beams of electrons (rather than light) to increase its resolution capacity to less than 1nm —that’s 200x. Bright Field Microsc Electron Microscope ou Answered (^) Combines the usefulness of fluorescence microscopy with the ability to visualize cells in 3-D Fluorescence Micro Confocal Microscope ou Answered (^) This microscope reflects light off of the specimen at an angle rather than light passing through the specimen. Correct Answer Correct Answer Correct Answer Correct Answer

16 / 21 Confocal Microscop

17 / 21 Correct Answer (^) Dark field Microscop e Correct! c. b. d. a. Which of the following reactions is an example of a hydrolase? a. A + B → A-B A-B + H2O → A-OH + B-H A— + B →A + B— Ab + C → A + Cb Question 22 4 /^4 pts nanswered Which region in a four phase dilutional streak contains the highest concentration of a microbial organism? Describe the technique that is used in pulling the sample from one phase to the next. Your Answer: Question 23 Not^ yet^ graded^ /^4 pts

18 / 21 Answer: The first phase of the quadrant streak contains the highest concentration of a microbial organism. Using a new sterile loop, part of the sample is pulled from region 1 to region 2. This process is repeated again each time using a new sterile loop through the remaining regions. Correct! Frostbit e Lyme disease Scalded skin syndrome Anthra x Identify the following disease based upon the physical manifestation: Question 24 4 /^4 pts Which of the following is/are true of Animalia? (Select all that apply) ou Answered (^) They can be unicellular or multicellular Question 25 2 /^4 pts

19 / 21 They are autotrophic Correct! (^) They possess the ability to move Correct! (^) Humans are an example Correct! Immunity provided by inoculation with a vaccine Caused by linear, single-stranded enveloped RNA virus Spread via airborne particles while coughing, sneezing, etc. Infect the CNS (central nervous system), leading to temporary or permanent paralysis. Each of the following statements about measles, mumps, and rubella is true, except : Question 26 4 /^4 pts nanswered There has been an outbreak of Staph Aureus within a local cleaning business. The employer Is trying to determine which of two companies has not been using sterile precautions when cleaning. To help determine who is responsible for unsanitary practices, a researcher streaks the isolated bacterial samples from each company onto MSA agar. After incubating the samples overnight at 37°C., briefly explain how he will interpret the result of his samples. Your Answer: Question 27 Not^ yet^ graded^ /^4 pts

20 / 21 Answer: A sample showing only colorless colonies growing on red agar would indicate the presence of non-pathogenic bacteria, while a sample showing a distinct yellow agar would indicate the presence of Staph aureus. Answer: True Your Answer: False True or False. If the statement is false, change it to make it true. The metabolism of a lipid-derived carbon atom will yield more ATP than a molecule of glucose. Question 28 Not^ yet^ graded^ /^4 pts Giemsa staining is used to detect each of the following, except : orrect Answer (^) Neisseria Gonorrhea Histoplasm a Chlamydia trachomatis Question 29 0 /^4 pts

21 / 21 Quiz Score: 45 out of 120 ou Answered (^) Malari a Correct! HPV Chlamydi a Syphilli s Gonorrhe a What STD is caused by Gram-negative, diplococci, fastidious bacteria that may result in cardiac and neurological complications? Question 30 4 /^4 pts