Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Prepare for your exams
Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points to download
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Community
Ask the community for help and clear up your study doubts
Discover the best universities in your country according to Docsity users
Free resources
Download our free guides on studying techniques, anxiety management strategies, and thesis advice from Docsity tutors
A set of multiple-choice questions and answers related to biochemistry. The questions cover topics such as PCR reaction components, eicosanoids, gene expression, and amino acid sequences. updated for the academic year 2022/2023 and is rated A+.
Typology: Exams
1 / 87
Whichofthefollowingarethecorrectcomponentsfora PCRreaction?* 1/ dNTPs,Primer,RNAPolymerase,templat eRNAdNTPs,Primer,DNAPolymerase,te mplateDNA ATP,Primer,mRNApolymerase;templatemRNA
AcetylCoA, RNAprimer, DNALigase,Template phosphate Feedback Thecorrect answerisb Whattypeofbondishighlightedinpurplebelow:* 1/ Cis
TransE ssenti alOme ga- Feedback Thecorrect answerisacisbond,theHydrogensareonthesamesideofthedoublebond Howmany roundsofbetaoxidationarerequiredtobreakdownthefollo wingfatty acid?* 0/ 10 9 19 20
Correctanswer 9 Feedback Thecorrect answerisB:920carbons/2=10-1fortheround= Individuals with long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase(LCHAD)deficiencyareunabletobreakdown long-chainfattyacids.Whichofthe followingistruefor thesepatients?* 1/ Duringfasting,theseindividualswillproduceexcessiveamount sofketonebodies. Theyshouldavoidintakeofcarbohydratesandinsteadfocuso nahigh-fatdiet. Theyshouldensurethattheyeatfrequentlysothattheirbodyha sadequatesuppliesofglucose. TheywillbreakdownCH3(CH2)8CH=CH(CH2)10COOHwithout aproblem. Newborns are tested for a variety of metabolic
disorders includingFamilialLipoproteinLipaseDeficiency,whichisadis easeinwhichthegene that codes for Lipase is deficient. Lipase is the enzyme thatbreaks down triglycerides. Which of the following would be true for anindividualwithFamilialLipoproteinLipaseDeficiency?* 1/ Triglyceridescouldnotbebrokendowntoreleasefattyacidsf orbeta-oxidation. Triglyceridescouldnotbebrokendowntoreleaseglucoseinres ponsetoglucagonsignaling. Gluconeogenesiscouldnotoccurandglucosewouldhavetobet akeninfromtheindividual'sdiet. Aminoacidscouldnotbebrokendowntoacetyl- CoAwhichdecreaseATPformedbytheelectron transportchain. ThepedigreebelowtracksDuchenneMuscularDystrophy (DMD)through several generations. What type of inheritance does DMDexpress?*
Autosomal dominantAutos omalrecessive X-linked DominantX- Linkedrecessiv
e Correctanswer X-Linkedrecessive Feedback Thecorrectanswerisx-linkedrecessivebecauseparentsdonothaveit(II-5-6)butachilddoesIII- Whatisthecomplementarysequenceto3’ATG CGAATA5’?* 1/ 3’TATTCGCAT5’ 3’TACGCTTAT 5’ 3’GATAGCATA5’ 5’ATAAGCGTA3’ Feedback The correct answer is 3' TAT TCG CAT 5'. Remember complementary means “Matching or Pairing”Youhavetoremembertopayattentiontoyournumbersaswellasyourletters(A-T,G-C,5'- 3').Thecorrectansweris 3’ATGCGA ATA5’(originalsequence) 5’TACGCTTAT3’(complementarysequence) Butweaskedfor itinthe3’direction, somirroranswer togivecorrectanswer:3’TATTCGCAT 5’ Eicosanoidsarederivedfromessentialfattyacidsandcan actashormones. Which of the following structures could represent theprecursortoaneicosanoid?*
Option
Option Option
Option Feedback The correct answer is Option 1, arachidonic acid, which is made from essential fatty acids.Arachidonicacidisbestrecognizedbyitscharacteristic"hairpin"andpolyunsaturatedstructure. WhichaminoacidsequencewouldresultfromthisCoding DNAstrand?3’ATGCAGATA5’?*
Tyr Val TyrIle Gln IleIleAs pVal
LeuHisLys Feedback ThecorrectanswerisIleAspVal.Wearestartingatthecodingstrand,andhavetoremembertherelationship between coding DNA and mRNA. These two strands are non-complementary andparallel.Sowecopythecoding strand,changeT --->U,andthenwritethemRNAsequence: 3’ATGCAGATA5’coding 3’AUGCAGAUA5’mRNA Mirror by changing orientation: 5’ AUA GAC GUA 3’ReadchartIleAspVal(chartisindirectionof5'--->3') Whichaminoacidsequencewouldbemadefromthistempl ateDNAstrand?5’TATTACCGA3’? * 0/
TyrTyrArg Ile Met AlaSer Val IleSerHi
sGln Correctanswer SerValIle Feedback Thecorrect answerisCbecause 5’TATTAC CGA3’template iscomplementaryandantiparallelso3’AUAAUGGCU5’butitisinthewron gorientation,somirror 5’UCGGUAAUA3’andread the Rettsyndromeisabraindisorderthatoccursalmostexclusi velyinfemales,causingseveredeficitsinlanguage,learning,c oordination andotherbrainfunctions.DecreasedexpressionoftheMECP genecauses Rett syndrome. Which of the following scenarios correctlydescribeshowRettsyndromecouldbedeveloped?* 1/ ADNA-bindingproteinblocks RNAPolymerasefrombindingtothepromotersequence,facilit atingthetranscriptionoftheMECP2gene. Transcriptionfactorsareunabletobindtothetranscriptionsta
rtsiteoftheMECP2genebecausenucleosomesaretightlypack edtogether. Transcriptionactivatorscausenucleosomestoseparate,expos ingtheMECP2gene. RNAPolymerasebinds totheMECP2geneandbeginstranslation. Feedback The answer is B. Gene expression is increased when nucleosomes are widely spaced andtranscriptionfactorsandRNAPolymeraseareabletobindtothetranscriptionstartsiteofthegene. Whichofthefollowingstrandsarecomplementaryan danti-parallel?* 1/ Coding and Non- templateTemplatea ndmRNA Coding and mRNATemplat eandtRNA
Feedback Thecorrect answerisD
Feedback ThecorrectanswerisB.ThetemplateandmRNAstrandsarecomplementarytoeachother. WhatisthecorrectorderoftheCentralDogma?* 1/ Translation,Replication,Tran scriptionTranscription,Repli cation,TranslationTranslatio n, Transcription, ReplicationReplication,Tran scription,Translation Whathappenswhentheincorrectbaseisaddeddurin gthesynthesisof aDNAstrand inDNAreplication?*
Thehomologouschromosomeisusedtoreplacetheincorrectlya ddedbasewiththe correctone. DNAPolymeraseremoves theincorrectbaseandaddsinthecorrectbase. Thyminedimersoccur. DistortionofthedoublehelixoccursandisrepairedbyRNAPoly merase. Feedback ThecorrectanswerisB.DNAPolymeraserepairsmismatcherrorsthatoccurduringDNAreplication. Whatisthecorrectdefinitionofnucleotideexcisionrepair?* 1/ Removalofasingledamagednucleotide Damagetoafeworseveralnucleotidesareidentified,thenmany nucleotidesareremovedandall arereplacedto repairtheDNAsegment RequiredwhentherearebreaksinthedoublestrandedDNAstra
ndwhichcauses discontinuityinboth strands Insertionofathyminedimer Feedback ThecorrectanswerisB,severalnucleotidesareremovedwhereinBERasinglenucleotideisremoved Whattypeofinteractionswouldbeaffectedinapatien twithdiabeticketoacidosis?(selectallthatapply)* 0/ Hydrogenbonds Ionicbonds Hydrophobicinteractions Disulfidebonds Correctanswer Hydrogen bondsIonic bonds Feedback Onahotsummer'sday,Iwascleaningmygarage.MycatSop hiewasoutwithme,andgotinto abottlecontainingastrongreducing
agent. Of course I took her straight to the vet. What type of amino acidbondswouldbedisruptedbyexposuretothestrongreduci ngagent?* 1/ Hydrophobic interactionsHydro gen bondsDisulfidebon ds Ionicbonds Feedback Thecorrectanswerarecovalent(disulfide)bonds C Whattypeofbondcantheaminoacidsbelowformtostabiliz e thetertiarystructureof aprotein?* 1/
IonicbondHydrop hobic interactionHydro genbond
Disulfidebond Feedback ThecorrectanswerishydrogenbondsC
Whattypeofreactionformstheprimarystructureofaprotein ?* 1/1 Activationen ergyEnzyme sDehydratio n Hydrolysis Feedback ThecorrectanswerisadehydrationreactionC Myoglobinisanoxygenstorageproteinandexhibitsahyp erboliccurve in an oxygen saturation graph. What is the highest level ofprotein structureexhibitedby myoglobin?* 1/1 Primary Second aryTerti
ary Quaternary Feedback Tertiary,myoglobinisasinglesubunitproteinC Whatlevelofproteinstructureinvolvesalphahelicesan dbetapleatedsheets?* 1/1 Primary Second ary Tertiary Quatern ary Feedback Secondary levelhasalphahelicesandbetapleatedsheetsB Hydrogenbondsbetweenbackbonegroupsstabilizewhatl evelofprotein structure?*
Primary Second aryTerti aryQuat ernary Feedback Secondary structure B is the correct answer. Primary and secondary structures involve interactionsbetweenthebackbones,tertiaryandquaternarystructuresinvolveinteractionsbetweenthevari ablegroups Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutproteinstructu reandfunction?* 0/1 Aprotein has optimal function inits primarystructure. Allproteinscarryoutcellularfunctionswhentheyhaveobtained theirfinalquaternarystructure. Ionicbondsbetweenthebackbonegroupsofaminoacidsstabili zeaprotein'stertiarystructure. Thehydrophobiceffectprimarilycontributestoasinglesubun
itprotein'stertiarystructure. Correctanswer Thehydrophobiceffectprimarilycontributestoasinglesubunitprotein'st ertiarystructure. Feedback ThecorrectanswerisD.Thehydrophobiceffectdrivestheformationofthecoreofaprotein, whichisthepredominant contributing factor totheprotein's tertiarystructure. Glutamine is located at position 13, of a protein, and forms ahydrogenbondwiththeaminoacidatposition89.Whatwould happeniftheaminoacidat position 89wasmutatedtoalanine?
1/1