BIOD 152 Module 4 Exam Portage Learning Anatomy & Physiology 2., Exams of Nursing

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BIOD 152 Module 4 Exam Portage

Learning Anatomy & Physiology 2:

Which body system supplies cells with oxygen and nutrients and carries away waste? - A. Nervous system B. Respiratory system C. Urinary System D. Correct! Circulatory System The heart is contained in the _______ cavity. - A. Correct! Pericardial B. Pleural C. Septal D. Rectoperineal Which layer of heart anchors it to the diaphragm? - A. Endocardium B. Mediastinal C. Myocardium D. Correct! Pericardium What is the purpose of the mitral valve? - The mitral valve controls the flow of blood from the left atrium into the left ventricle. Label the figure below (A-E): A: B: C: D: (In blue) E: - A: Superior Vena Cava B: Right Atrium C: Tricuspid/Right AV valve D: Left ventricle E. Pulmonary Valve Name the vessel in the figure below: (highlighted in blue, also indicated by the arrow) - Right Coronary Artery Name the vessel in the figure below: (highlighted in blue, also indicated by the arrow) - Left Coronary Artery Name the vessel in the figure below: (highlighted in blue, also indicated by the arrow) - Circumflex branch True or False: Veins carry blood towards the heart. - True

Which vessel would you expect to be the best place to feel a strong pulse? - A. Subclavian vein B. Inferior vena cava C. Correct! Common carotid D. Brachiocephalic vein What is the correct order of blood flow starting from the heart? - A. Correct! Artery → arteriole → capillary → venule → vein B. Arteriole → artery → capillary → vein → venule C. Artery → capillary → arteriole → venule → vein D. Vein → venule → capillary → arteriole → artery Which layer of a vessel contains the muscular layer? - A. Tunica externa B. Correct! Tunica media C. Tunica intima D. Vessels do not contain a muscular layer The aortic arch turns to become the _______? - A. Superior vena cava B. Pulmonary trunk C. Ascending aorta D. Correct! Descending aorta A patient had a stroke in their frontal lobe. What vessel was most likely blocked? - A. Correct! Anterior cerebral artery B. Posterior cerebral artery C. Basilar artery D. Vertebral artery These two arteries of the circle of Willis arise from the common carotid arteries in the neck. - Internal carotid arteries (left and right) What is the name of the artery in the figure below (in blue also indicated by the arrow)?

• anterior communicating artery Use the figure below to answer the following question. Which part of the medical equipment (B-F) is squeezed to inflate A? - F. The bulb True or False: The cell portion of blood is called formed elements. - True True or False: Hydrostatic pressure is the net pressure which pushes fluid into the tissues. - True The average pH of blood is near: - A. 3. B. 5. C. Correct! 7. D. 9.

A_______ does not contain a nucleus: - A. White blood cell B. Correct! Red blood cell D. Megakaryocyte C. Lymphocyte Which statement is true concerning the events in the coagulation cascade? - A. Platelets destroy the fibrin network. B. Fibrin is converted to fibrinogen. C. Plasmin becomes trapped in the fibrin threads. D. Correct! Prothrombin is converted to thrombin. Oxygenated blood is pumped from heart through the _______to the rest of the body. - A. Correct! Left, systemic circuit B. Right, pulmonary circuit C. Left, pulmonary circuit D. Right, systemic circuit The "pacemaker of the heart" is in what location? - A. Correct! Right atrium B. Left atrium C. Left ventricle D. Right ventricle You are reviewing your patient's results from an EKG. The findings indicate a problem with ventricular repolarization. Where should you look on the EKG to find this abnormal rhythm? - A. Correct! T-wave B. QRS complex C. P-wave D. The electrical activity cannot be read on an EKG Your patient's EKG results indicate difficulty with left and right atrial systole. What part of the conduction system is not functioning properly? - A. Atrioventricular node. B. Correct! SA node causes contraction of the left and right atria C. Bundle of His D. Purkinje fibers Which statement is true concerning the cardiac cycle? - A. The atrial contraction time is longer than the ventricle contraction time. Correct! B. The ventricular contraction time is longer than the atrial contraction time. C. Systole refers to the relaxation of the heart chambers. D. Diastole refers to the contraction of the heart chambers. E. C & D are true A patient is suspected to have peripheral edema due to heart failure. Which side of the heart would be in failure? Explain your answer. - The right side of the heart would be in

failure. If the right side of the heart cannot pump blood into the heart efficiently, blood and fluid will back up into the veins, causing swelling in body tissues. A patient has a diagnosis of left sided heart failure. Which of the following signs/symptoms would they most likely present with? - A. Shortness of breath at rest B. Swollen ankles C. All the above A patient is admitted to the ER with a myocardial infarction. What signs/symptoms could they display? - A. Shortness of breath B. Angina pectoris C. Heartburn D. Pressure over the chest E. Correct! All the above Your patient has a diagnosis of atherosclerosis. Is your patient at a higher or lower risk for a thromboembolism? Explain your reasoning. - Higher risk. Thromboembolism is an embolus that becomes lodged in a vessel as it travels. Atherosclerosis is an accumulation of soft masses of fatty materials, often cholesterol, inside arteries. These deposits called plaque accumulate beneath the inner linings of arteries. Plaque can cause a clot to form on the irregular arterial wall. If the clot becomes dislodged it can travel and clog a smaller artery in its path. Your patient is admitted to the hospital for a coronary artery bypass. Use your own words to explain to your patient about what is going to happen in this surgery. - During this operation, a segment of another blood vessel from the patient's body and stitch one end of the aorta and the other end to a coronary artery past the point of obstruction. Once the heart is exposed, some physicians may also use lasers to open clogged coronary vessels.