Biology 100 Exam 1 with 100% Correct Answers 2023, Exams of Advanced Education

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Biology 100- Exam 1 With 100% Correct

Answers 2023

Characteristics of life - Correct Answer-all living things are organized, acquire materials and energy, reproduce, respond to stimuli, are homeostatic, grow and develop and can adapt Classification - Correct Answer-domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species Taxonomic groups - Correct Answer-genus name, species name with the genus capitalized and both words in italics Rain forests and coral reefs - Correct Answer-2 most diverse Biodiversity - Correct Answer-encompasses the total number of species, variability in their genes, and the ecosystems in which they live Scientific steps in order - Correct Answer-observation, hypothesis, experiment, conclusion and theory Matter - Correct Answer-anything that takes up space and has mass Element - Correct Answer-substance that can't be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means Elements that make up all organisms - Correct Answer-Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen Oxygen Phosphorus Sulfer Proporties of water - Correct Answer-high heat capacity its a solvent high surface tension high heat of vaporization cohesive and adhesive Hydrophilic Molecules - Correct Answer-attract water Hydrophobic Molecules - Correct Answer-do not attract water

Acidic - Correct Answer-pH below 7 (acidic) Alkaline - Correct Answer-pH above 7 (basic) Neutral - Correct Answer-pH of 7 Carbohydrates - Correct Answer-function for quick fuel and short-term energy storage in organisms Lipids - Correct Answer-contain more energy per gram than any other biological molecule, diverse in structure and function, doesn't dissolve in water Proteins - Correct Answer-polymers composed of amino acid monomers, they perform many functions (i.e. speed up chemical reactions, anti bodies protect cells etc.) DNA - Correct Answer-stores genetic info in cell and organism, replicated to transmit its info when a cell divides or organism reproduces RNA - Correct Answer-single stranded and is formed by a complimentary base pairing with one DNA strand, can be used to carry info from DNA strand to ribosome ATP - Correct Answer-energy carrier in cells 3 types of cells - Correct Answer-prokaryotic, eukaryotic, archaean Cell Size - Correct Answer-atom > amino acid > protein > virus > chloroplast > bacteria

plant and animal cell > human egg > frog egg >ant Prokaryotic Cell - Correct Answer-lacks a membrane bounded nucleus, generally unicellular, structurally simple, has a plasma membrane & cytoplasm, bacteria Eukaryotic Cell - Correct Answer-structurally complex, has a nucleus, makes up animals plants and protists Nucleus - Correct Answer-prominent structure housing DNA Ribosomes - Correct Answer-site of protein synthesis Endomembrane System - Correct Answer-acts as the transportation and product- processing section of the cell, consists of the nuclear envelope, the endoplamic reticulum, golgi apparatus and vesicles Golgi Apparatus - Correct Answer-shipping center of the cell, collects, sorts, packages and distributes materials such as proteins and lipids

Lysosomes - Correct Answer-garbage disposal of the cell, bring macromolecules into the cell Vacuoles - Correct Answer-store substances Photosynthesis - Correct Answer-solar energy is the ultimate source of energy for most cells, plants and algae Cellular Respiration - Correct Answer-all organisms convert chemical energy to ATP, uses carbs and oxygen to give off CO2, H2O & energy Endosymbiotic Theory - Correct Answer-mitochondria and chloroplasts derived from prokaryotes that were taken up by a larger cell Plasma Membrane - Correct Answer-separates the internal environment of the cell from its external environment, regulates the entrance and exit of molecules into and out of the cell Isotonic - Correct Answer-the solute concentration is equal inside and outside of a cell Hypotonic - Correct Answer-a solution has a lower solute concentration than the inside of a cell Hypertonic - Correct Answer-a solution has higher solute concentration than the inside of a cell Diffusion - Correct Answer-movement of molecules from an area of higher to lower concentration Osmosis - Correct Answer-diffusion of water across a differentially permeable membrane Facilitated Transport - Correct Answer-doesn't require ATP, molecules follow the concentration gradient Exocytosis - Correct Answer-macromolecules exit from the cell Endocytosis - Correct Answer-macromolecules enter into cell