Biology EOC Review: 440 Questions and Answers for 2024-2025, Exams of Biology

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BIOLOGY EOC (440 QUESTIONS WITH 100

CORRECT SOLUTIONS) 2024-2025 UPDATED

GRADED A+.

What do organic compounds contain? - Correct solution carbon Where are organic compounds found? - Correct solution in all living things Function of carbohydrates - Correct solution provide energy Example of carbohydrates - Correct solution sugars and starches Structure of carbohydrate - Correct solution carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen Ratio of Hydrogen to oxygen in carbohydrates - Correct solution 2: What do plants and animals use carbohydrates for? - Correct solution maintaining structure within the cells Structure of proteins - Correct solution nitrogen-containing compound of chains of amino acids Examples of proteins - Correct solution enzymes, hormones, antibodies, and structural components Examples of lipids - Correct solution water-insoluble fats and oils Structure of lipids - Correct solution carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, glycerol, and fatty acid Function of lipids - Correct solution provide insulation, store energy, and cushion internal organs Location of lipids - Correct solution biological membranes saturated and unsaturated

Function of nucleic acids - Correct solution direct the instruction of proteins Two types of Nucleic Acids - Correct solution DNA and RNA DNA name - Correct solution deoxyribonucleic acid RNA name - Correct solution ribonucleic acid VOCAB: special proteins that regulate nearly every biochemical reaction in the cell - Correct solution enzymes Function of enzymes - Correct solution provide energy, build new cells, aid in digestion, break down complex molecules, and catalysts VOCAB: speed up chemical reactions without being used up or altered - Correct solution catalysts Factors that affect enzymes - Correct solution pH, temperature, and quantity VOCAB: organism that exists as a singular, independent cell - Correct solution unicellular VOCAB: organism that exists as specialized groups of cells - Correct solution multicellular Structure of multicellular cells - Correct solution organized into tissues that perform the same function What makes up an organ system? - Correct solution tissues forming organs VOCAB: nuclear material in the center of the cell, but is NOT enclosed by a nuclear membrane; no MBO's - Correct solution prokaryote Location of prokaryotes - Correct solution bacteria

VOCAB: organelle that captures solar energy for photosynthesis - Correct solution chloroplast VOCAB: organelle that is a package, distribute product - Correct solution golgi body VOCAB: organelle that digests excess products and food particles - Correct solution lysosomes VOCAB: organelle that transforms energy through respiration - Correct solution mitochondria VOCAB: organelle that contains DNA which controls cellular activities - Correct solution nucleus VOCAB: organelle that produces proteins - Correct solution ribosome VOCAB: organelle that stores substances - Correct solution vacuole VOCAB: organelle that is a phospholipid bilayer that protects and encloses the cell; controls transport; and maintains homeostasis - Correct solution cell (plasma) membrane VOCAB: organelle that has a rigid second layer that protects and encloses the cell - Correct solution cell wall VOCAB: organelle that has fluid-like substance that contains various membrane-bound structures (organelles) that perform various functions - Correct solution cytoplasm VOCAB: organelle that is the site of chemical reactions - Correct solution emdoplasmic reticulum VOCAB: contains ribosomes - Correct solution rough endoplasmic reticulum VOCAB: lipid production - Correct solution smooth endoplasmic reticulum What changes as cells mature? - Correct solution shape and contents

What may cells contain when cells become specialized? - Correct solution organelles not common to all cells What determines the design and shape or a cell? - Correct solution its function and condition under which it works What exhibits greater cellular specialization? - Correct solution multicellular organisms VOCAB: self-regulating mechanism that maintains internal conditions - Correct solution homeostasis cells communicate their needs through the cell membrane by releasing chemical messengers that tell the hypothalamus gland that a change needs to be made in the interstitial fluid; constantly changing internal environment

• Correct solution process of homeostasis ruler of homeostasis - Correct solution hypothalamus hypothalamus role in homeostasis - Correct solution send neural and chemical signals to adjust internal environments VOCAB: movement of substances across the plasma membrane without the use of the cell's energy - Correct solution passive transport VOCAB: movement of substances across the plasma membrane from an area of HIGH concentration to an area of LOW concentration - Correct solution diffusion VOCAB: diffusion of WATER across the plasma membrane from areas of HIGH concentration to areas of LOW concentration - Correct solution osmosis VOCAB: a carrier molecule embedded in the plasma membrane transports a substance across the plasma membrane following the high-to-low concentration gradient - Correct solution facilitated transport VOCAB: movement of substances across the plasma membrane that requires the use of the cell's energy and carrier molecules; substances are

moving from an area of LOW concentration to an area of HIGHER concentration - Correct solution active transport VOCAB: large particles are brought into the cell - Correct solution endoytosis VOCAB: large particles leave the cell - Correct solution exocytosis VOCAB: internal equilibrium; the plasma membrane regulates what enters and leaves the cell; a selectively permeable membrane only allows certain substances to pass through - Correct solution homeostasis effect of concentration on a cell - Correct solution hypotonic, hypertonic, or isotonic VOCAB: water moves in; cell bursts - Correct solution hypotonic VOCAB: water moves out; cell shrivels - Correct solution hypertonic VOCAB: no net movement; cell maintains equilibrium - Correct solution isotonic VOCAB: chemical bonds are formed and broken within living things creating chemical reactions that impact the ability to maintain life and carry out life functions - Correct solution biochemical reactions VOCAB: food molecules are converted to energy - Correct solution cellular respiration stage 1 of cellular respiration - Correct solution glycolysis glycolysis stage - Correct solution anaerobic stages 2 and 3 of cellular respiration - Correct solution aerobic VOCAB: no oxygen is requires - Correct solution anaerobic VOCAB: oxygen is required - Correct solution aerobic

stage 2 and 3 of cellular respiration - Correct solution citric acid cycle and electron transport chain cellular respiration biochemical equation - Correct solution C6H12O6+6O2=6CO2+6H20+ENERGY VOCAB: plant cells capture energy from the sun and convert it into food - Correct solution photosynthesis What is the ultimate source of energy for all living things? - Correct solution sun In chemosynthesis, what is the main energy source? - Correct solution sulfur or nitrogen photosynthesis biochemical equation - Correct solution 6CO2+6H2O+ENERGY=C6H12O6+6O VOCAB: a molecule that stores and releases the energy in its bonds when the cells needs it - Correct solution ATP What happens when a phosphate group is removed releasing energy for chemical reactions to occur in the cell? - Correct solution ATP becomes ADP ATP biochemical equation - Correct solution ATP=ADP+P+ENERGY VOCAB: when cells are not provided with oxygen in a timely manner, this process occurs to continue producing ATP until oxygen is available again; glucose is broken down - Correct solution fermentation two types of fermentation - Correct solution lactic acid and alcholic VOCAB: fermentation in muscle cells - Correct solution lactic acid VOCAB: fermentation in plant cells - Correct solution alcoholic lactic acid fermentation biochemical equation - Correct solution GLUCOSE=LACTIC ACID+2ATP

alcoholic fermentation biochemical equation - Correct solution GLUCOSE=CO2+ALCOHOL+2ATP function of aerobic respiration - Correct solution release of energy from the breakdown of glucose to make ATP Where does aerobic respiration occur? - Correct solution almost all living things function of anaerobic respiration - Correct solution breakdown food substances to provide a small production of energy anaerobic respiration is AKA - Correct solution fermentation Where does anaerobic respiration occur? - Correct solution organisms that live in environments that lack oxygen VOCAB: nucleic acids composed of nucleotides - Correct solution DNA and RNA nucleotides are composed of - Correct solution phosphate group, sugar, and nitrogenous base structure of DNA - Correct solution double-stranded, twisted helix structure of RNA - Correct solution single-stranded DNA in a nucleus - Correct solution never leaves RNA in a nucleus - Correct solution leaves DNA nitrogenous bases - Correct solution adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine In DNA, what is guanine paired with? - Correct solution cytosine In DNA, what is adenine paired with? - Correct solution thymine RNA nitrogenous bases - Correct solution adenine, uracil, guanine, and cytosine

In RNA, what is guanine paired with? - Correct solution cytosine In RNA, what is adenine paired with? - Correct solution uracil DNA sugar - Correct solution deoxyribose RNA sugar - Correct solution ribose function of DNA - Correct solution controls production of all proteins function of RNA - Correct solution carry out functions in cytoplasm 3 main types of RNA - Correct solution rRNA, mRNA, and tRNA rRNA - Correct solution ribosomal mRNA - Correct solution messenger tRNA - Correct solution transfer VOCAB: DNA unravels and each strand makes a new exact copy so that when mitosis takes place, each cell has the exact copy of DNA - Correct solution DNA replication VOCAB: mRNA is made from one strand of DNA, carries message to ribosomes - Correct solution transcription VOCAB: mRNA translated into a protein at the ribosomes; tRNA transfers amino acids from cytoplasm to ribosomes - Correct solution translation VOCAB: CHANGE IN GENETIC CODE; passed from one cell to new cells; transmitted to offspring if occurs in sex cells - Correct solution mutations VOCAB: change in a single gene - Correct solution gene mutation VOCAB: change in many genes - Correct solution chromosome mutation What causes mutations? - Correct solution spontaneous or environmental mutagens

VOCAB: sequence of bases in DNA codes for sequence of bases in RNA which codes for the amino acids in proteins - Correct solution central dogma of biology VOCAB: a single parent produces one or more identical offspring by dividing into 2 cells; quick and high number of offspring - Correct solution asexual reproduction offspring of asexual reproduction - Correct solution clones of parents, genetically identical Where is asexual reproduction common? - Correct solution unicellular organisms VOCAB: pattern of reproduction that involves the production and fusion of haploid sex cells; haploid sperm from father fertilizes haploid egg from mother to make a diploid zygote that develops into a multicellular organism through mitosis - Correct solution sexual reproduction result of sexual reproduction - Correct solution genetic variation Where is sexual reproduction common? - Correct solution multicellular organisms VOCAB: formation of sex cells; gametes - Correct solution meiosis VOCAB: longest part of cell cycle; growth, metabolism, and preparation for division occurs; DNA REPLICATION - Correct solution interphase VOCAB: division of nucleus of the cell - Correct solution mitosis VOCAB: duplicated chromosomes and spindle fibers appear - Correct solution prophase VOCAB: duplicated chromosomes line up randomly in center of cell between spindle fibers - Correct solution metaphase VOCAB: duplicated chromosomes pulled to opposite ends of cell - Correct solution anaphase

VOCAB: nuclear membrane forms around chromosomes at each end of cell;spindle fibers disappear; chromosomes disperse - Correct solution telophase VOCAB: division of plasma membrane; 2 daughter cells result with exact genetic information - Correct solution cytokinesis results of mitosis - Correct solution 2 daughter cells, same number chromosomes, and cells are diploid human diploid number - Correct solution 46 human number of homologous chromosome pairs - Correct solution 23 where does meiosis occur? - Correct solution only in sex cells VOCAB: produces cells containing half number of double-stranded chromosomes - Correct solution first meiosis division VOCAB: results in formation of 4 cells; each cell with half number of single- stranded chromosomes - Correct solution second meiosis division What does each primary sperm develop into? - Correct solution 4 haploid cells What does each primary egg cell develop into? - Correct solution 1 large haploid cell and 3 smaller haploid cells, polar bodies results of meiosis - Correct solution 4 daughter cells, half number chromosomes, and a diploid individual VOCAB: branch of biology that deals with heredity - Correct solution genetics VOCAB: characteristic an individual receives from its parents - Correct solution traits VOCAB: carries instructions responsible for expression of traits - Correct solution genes

What controls traits? - Correct solution pair of inherited genes VOCAB: two alleles of a pair are identical - Correct solution homozygous VOCAB: two alleles of a pair are different - Correct solution heterozygous VOCAB: controlling allele; designated with a capital letter - Correct solution dominant VOCAB: hidden allele; designated with a lower case letter - Correct solution recessive VOCAB: genetic makeup of an organism; represented by the letters - Correct solution genotype VOCAB: physical appearance of an organism; description of the letters - Correct solution phenotype VOCAB: cross involving one trait - Correct solution monohybrid VOCAB: cross involving two traits - Correct solution dihybrid VOCAB: graphic organizer used to show the probable results of a genetic cross - Correct solution punnett square VOCAB: graphic organizer to map genetic traits between generations - Correct solution pedigree VOCAB: chart of metaphase chromosome pairs to study chromosome number/diseases - Correct solution karyotype VOCAB: 23rd pair of chromosomes - Correct solution sex chromosomes male chromosome - Correct solution XY female chromosome - Correct solution XX VOCAB: traits associated with paticular sexes; X linked traits inherited on X chromosome from mother - Correct solution sex-linked traits

VOCAB: genes are linked on chromosomes; genes on same chromosome are inherited together - Correct solution linked traits VOCAB: presence of more than two alleles for a trait - Correct solution multiple alleles VOCAB: one trait controlled by many genes - Correct solution polygenic inheritance VOCAB: phenotypes of both homozygous parents are produced in heterozygous offspring so that both alleles are equally expressed - Correct solution codominance VOCAB: phenotype of a heterozygote is intermediate between the two homozygous parents; neither allele is dominant, but combine to display a new trait - Correct solution incomplete dominance VOCAB: observed trait is controlled by a homozygous genotype - Correct solution dominance/recessiveness VOCAB: genes from one chromosome are exchanged with genes from another chromosome - Correct solution crossing over VOCAB: during meiosis, homologous pairs of chromosomes don't separate

• Correct solution nondisjunction result of crossing over - Correct solution many different phenotypes result of a nondisjunction - Correct solution half sex cells having an extra and other half having one less chromosome VOCAB: process in understanding how organisms are related and how they are different - Correct solution classification VOCAB: branch of biology that studies grouping and naming organisms - Correct solution taxonomy earliest forms of classification - Correct solution plants and animals

VOCAB: device used to aid in identifying a biological specimen; offers 2 alternatives at each juncture - Correct solution dichotomous keys VOCAB: shows evolutionary relationships related to derived characteristics

• Correct solution cladogram VOCAB: process by which organisms that are best suited to environment survive and pass genetic traits on to offspring - Correct solution natural selection VOCAB: organisms with the most suited traits will survive - Correct solution adaptation VOCAB: change in a species over time - Correct solution evolution VOCAB: evolution that occurs within the species level; results from genetic variation and natural selection within a population - Correct solution microevolution VOCAB: evolution that occurs between different species; focuses on how groups of organisms change - Correct solution macroevolution VOCAB: two species evolve similarly - Correct solution convergent evolution VOCAB: a group of species evolve differently - Correct solution divergent evolution VOCAB: a group of species adapt separately to environments - Correct solution adaptive radiation VOCAB: formation of a new species - Correct solution speciation VOCAB: physical barrier divides a population, results in individuals that cannot mate, leads to a new species - Correct solution geographic isolation VOCAB: genetic mutation or behavioral change prevent mating - Correct solution reproductive isolation

VOCAB: when fossils are arranged in order of their age, the fossil record provides a series or changes that occured over time - Correct solution fossil evidence of evolution VOCAB: when gene or protein sequences from organisms are arranged, species thought to be closely related based on fossil evidence are seen to be more similar than species thought to be distantly related - Correct solution DNA evidence of evolution VOCAB: embryos of different vertebrates look alike in their early stages, giving the superficial appearance of a relationship - Correct solution embryology evidence of evolution examples of infectious organisms - Correct solution bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites VOCAB: microscopic, single celled infectious organism - Correct solution bacteria VOCAB: infectious organism that cannot reproduce on its own - Correct solution viruses VOCAB: infectious organism containing yeats, mold, and mushrooms - Correct solution fungi VOCAB: infectious organism such as a worm or single celled animal that survive by living inside another organism - Correct solution parasite VOCAB: immune system responds by producing substances that attack invaders and the immune system produces antibodies that attach to and immobilize the invader to kill it - Correct solution immune response two types of immunity - Correct solution natural and acquired VOCAB: created by body's natural physical barriers or in the form of antibodies passed from mother to child - Correct solution natural immunity VOCAB: created by exposure to a specific microorganism, which is "remembered" by the body's immune system - Correct solution acquired immunity

VOCAB: bodys ability to fight off certain organisms is stimulated or enhanced - Correct solution immunization VOCAB: contain either noninfectious fragments or whole pieces of bacteria or viruses that have been weakened so they will not cause infection but will instead cause the production of antibodies - Correct solution active immunization VOCAB: antibodies against a specific infectious organism are given directly to the person - Correct solution passive immunization What do bacteria have that make them resistant to antibiotics? - Correct solution enzymes or genetic mutation VOCAB: microorganisms resistant to antibiotics that are violent and untreatable - Correct solution superbugs structure of an ecosystem - Correct solution organism, species, population, community, ecosystem, and environment VOCAB: group of organisms that can interbreed - Correct solution species VOCAB: groups of interacting populations - Correct solution community VOCAB: place where an organism lives - Correct solution habitat VOCAB: units of single species - Correct solution population VOCAB: groups of interacting communities - Correct solution ecosystem VOCAB: organism's role within its habitat - Correct solution niche energy flow in an ecosystem - Correct solution sun, grass, mice, and hawk VOCAB: autotrophs; use sun's energy to make their own food - Correct solution producers

VOCAB: heterotrophs; cannot make their own food; eat other living things to get their energy - Correct solution consumers herbivore energy source - Correct solution plants carnivore energy source - Correct solution other animals omnivore energy source - Correct solution plants and animals decomposer energy source - Correct solution break down dead organisms VOCAB: permanent; close association between one or more organisms of different species - Correct solution symbiosis VOCAB: a symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit - Correct solution mutualism VOCAB: symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other species is either neither harmed nor benefited - Correct solution commensalism VOCAB: symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits at the expense of another - Correct solution parasitism VOCAB: path of energy from producer to consumerism - Correct solution food chain VOCAB: each level of a food chain - Correct solution trophic level In a food chain, how much energy is transferred to the next level? - Correct solution 10% In a food chain, how much energy is used for personal metabolism and development? - Correct solution 90% VOCAB: interconnected food chains showing all possible feeding relationships at each trophic level in a community - Correct solution food web

VOCAB: representation of energy tranfer - Correct solution ecological pyramid ecological pyramid layers - Correct solution energy, biomass, and numbers VOCAB: each level represents energy available at this level, 90% decline - Correct solution pyramid of energy VOCAB: each level represents amount of level above needs to consume - Correct solution pyramid of biomass VOCAB: each level represents number of organisms consumed by level above it - Correct solution pyramid of numbers environmental limiting factors categories - Correct solution biotic and abiotic biotic environmental limiting factors - Correct solution plants, animals, bacteria, prey, and food sources abiotic environmental limiting factors - Correct solution climate, light, soil, water, shelter, and pollution VOCAB: mechanism for change in populations; occurs when organisms with favorable variations survive, reproduce, and pass their variations to the next generation - Correct solution natural selection VOCAB: evolution of a structure, behavior or internal process that enables an organism to respond to environmental factors and live to produce offspring - Correct solution adaptation VOCAB: any biotic or abiotic factor that restricts the existence, numbers, reproduction, or distribution of organisms - Correct solution limiting factors VOCAB: any change or random error in a DNA sequence - Correct solution genetic mutations VOCAB: variety of life in an area; usually measured as the number of species that live in an area - Correct solution biodiversity

VOCAB: gradual change in a species through adaptations over time - Correct solution evolution VOCAB: number of individuals in the species falls so low that extinction is possible - Correct solution endangered species VOCAB: disappearance of a species when the last of its members die - Correct solution extinction VOCAB: study of population - Correct solution demography VOCAB: a measure of the population at a particular time - Correct solution census What does the folded inner membrane in mitochondria allow? - Correct solution increased surface area for energy production during aerobic cellular respiration What is the purpose of microscopes? - Correct solution observe a variety of cells with emphasis on difference between cells What do scanning and electron transmission microscopes reveal? - Correct solution greater detail about eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell differences Which cells are less complex? - Correct solution prokaryotic What MBO's are NOT present in prokaryotes? - Correct solution mitochondria, nucleus, vacuoles, and chloroplasts What cells are ribosomes found in? - Correct solution prokaryote and eukaryote What is different with the DNA and RNA in in prokaryotes? - Correct solution not enclosed by a membrane Which cells are smaller? - Correct solution prokaryotic

VOCAB: unspecialized cells that continually reproduce themselves and have the ability to differentiate into one or more types of specialized cells - Correct solution stem cells VOCAB: embryonic cells which have not yet differentiated into various cell types - Correct solution embryonic stem cells VOCAB: stem cells found in organisms - Correct solution adult stem cells How do you determine total magnification? - Correct solution power of objective x power of eyepiece In what kind of cell do you find chlorophyll? - Correct solution plant Do you find protein in all cells? - Correct solution yes VOCAB: sites of photosynthesis, containc chlorophyll - Correct solution chloroplasts VOCAB: powerhouse of the cell, where cell respiration occurs - Correct solution mitochondria VOCAB: brain of the cell, contains the DNA and chromosomes - Correct solution nucleus VOCAB: sites of protein synthesis, where mRNA and tRNA meet - Correct solution ribosomes VOCAB: cells outer boundary, lipids and proteins, semipermeable - Correct solution plasma membrane VOCAB: found in plants only to maintain structure, not semipermeable - Correct solution cell wall VOCAB: large in plants ,small in animals, used for storage - Correct solution vacuoles How does the nucleus and ribosome interact with each other to perform the function of the cell? - Correct solution DNA makes RNA in the nucleus and sends it to the ribosomes

How does the plasma membrane and mitochondria interact with each other to perform the function of the cell? - Correct solution takes in glucose and oxygen needed for respiration and releases carbon dioxide How does the cell wall and vacuole interact with each other to perform the function of the cell? - Correct solution as water enters the vacuole osmotic pressure builds up in cell but does not burst due to cell wall strength How does the cell wall and chloroplast interact with each other to perform the function of the cell? - Correct solution materials needed for photosynthesis flow freely into cell Which cells contain a cell membrane? - Correct solution prokaryote and eukaryote Which cells contain a cytoplasm? - Correct solution prokaryote and eukaryote Which cells contain ribosomes? - Correct solution prokaryote and eukaryote Which cells contain a nucleus? - Correct solution eukaryote Which cells contain organelles? - Correct solution eukaryote Which cells contain mitochondria? - Correct solution eukaryote Which cells contain a vacuole? - Correct solution prokaryote and eukaryote Which cells contain a chloroplast? - Correct solution eukaryote Which cells contain DNA and RNA? - Correct solution prokaryote and eukaryote Which cells contain genetic material enclosed in nuclear membranes? - Correct solution eukaryote

Which cells contain plasmids? - Correct solution prokaryote Which cells contain smaller cells? - Correct solution prokaryote Which cells contain larger cells? - Correct solution eukaryote VOCAB: small ring of DNA that carries accessory genes separate from those of a bacterial chromosome - Correct solution plasmids VOCAB: control size of stomata allowing gas transfer - Correct solution guard cells VOCAB: move water and minerals - Correct solution xylem VOCAB: move nutrients like glucose throughout the plant using pipe like structures - Correct solution phlolem VOCAB: when on root hairs, increase surface area to allow for the absorption of water and mineral nutrients - Correct solution epidermis cell VOCAB: produces specialized cells that have certain structures that allow them to perform a specific function - Correct solution cell differentiation Where does cell differentiation occur? - Correct solution stem cells Do all cells in the same organisms have the same DNA? - Correct solution yes What makes the cells become different things in the body? - Correct solution the expression of genes differs between cells What do multicellular organisms begin as? - Correct solution undifferentiated masses of ells What determines the differentiation of cells and ultimately their specialization? - Correct solution variation in DNA expression and gene activity VOCAB: regulate pH and how cells can respond to maintain temperature, glucose levels, and water balance - Correct solution buffers

What is the cell membrane made up of? - Correct solution phospholipids and proteins VOCAB: allows some substances to cross more easily - Correct solution selectively permeable What are the 2 types of transport? - Correct solution passive and active 3 examples of passive transport - Correct solution diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion Passive transport goes from a ___ to a ___ concentration. - Correct solution high, low Does passive transport go with or against the concentration gradient? - Correct solution with VOCAB: what gets dissolved - Correct solution solute VOCAB: what does the dissolving - Correct solution solvent What happens to a cell placed in a hypertonic solution? - Correct solution shrink In hypertonic, is there more water inside or outside the cell? - Correct solution inside In hypertonic, is there more solute inside or outside the cell? - Correct solution outside What happens to a cell placed in a hypotonic solution? - Correct solution wilt In hypotonic, is there more water inside or outside the cell? - Correct solution outside In hypotonic, is there more solute inside or outside the cell? - Correct solution inside

What happens to a cell placed in an isotonic solution? - Correct solution equal out active transport goes from a ___ to a _____ concentration - Correct solution low, high Does active transport go with or against the concentration gradient? - Correct solution against 2 examples of active transport - Correct solution endocytosis and exocytosis Which type of active transport engulfs or takes in food particles? - Correct solution endocytosis Which type of active transport excretes or gets rid of waste? - Correct solution exocytosis What does active transport have to use that passive transport does not? - Correct solution ATP 2 types of transport proteins - Correct solution carrier and channel Which type of transport protein changes its shape to allow particles to pass through? - Correct solution carrier Which type of transport protein creates an opening for particles to pass through? - Correct solution channel cells placed in this type of solution shrink - Correct solution hypertonic cells placed in this type of solution do not change size - Correct solution isotonic high osmotic pressure inside the cell - Correct solution hypotonic low osmotic pressure inside the cell - Correct solution hypertonic little to no osmotic pressure builds up inside the cell - Correct solution isotonic

a red blood cell placed in salt water - Correct solution hypertonic a red blood cell placed in distilled water - Correct solution hypotonic a red blood cell placed in a solution that stimulates the blood stream - Correct solution isotonic VOCAB: cell with 2 sets of chromosomes - Correct solution diploid VOCAB: cell with 1 set of chromosomes - Correct solution haploid During which phase is the cell growing? - Correct solution G1 During which phase is the cell dividing? - Correct solution G2 VOCAB: protozoans; expell liquid - Correct solution contractile vauoles VOCAB: eukaryotes; movement - Correct solution cilia VOCAB: protozoans; movement - Correct solution flagella VOCAB: amoeba; movement and feeding - Correct solution pseudopods VOCAB: euglena; detect light - Correct solution eyespots What can not use nitrogen gas? - Correct solution plants VOCAB: usable form of nitrogen for plants - Correct solution nitrate VOCAB: nonliving - Correct solution abiotic VOCAB: living - Correct solution biotic VOCAB: place in which individuals of particular species can be found - Correct solution habitat VOCAB: all interactions of a species - Correct solution niche

VOCAB: an organism that eats other living organisms - Correct solution predator VOCAB: an organism eaten by another - Correct solution prey VOCAB: ultimate source of energy on earth - Correct solution sun VOCAB: relationship between 2 different organisms - Correct solution symbiosis VOCAB: neither benefit nor harm - Correct solution mutualism VOCAB: one benefits, one harms - Correct solution parasitism VOCAB: autotrophic organisms - Correct solution producer VOCAB: heterotroph deriving energy from organisms - Correct solution consumers VOCAB: eats plants - Correct solution herbivores VOCAB: eats other animals - Correct solution carnivores VOCAB: eats plants and meat - Correct solution omnivores VOCAB: eats dead plant material - Correct solution scavengers VOCAB: decomposes organic material - Correct solution decomposers Are protists prokaryotic or eukaryotic? - Correct solution eukaryotic Are protists autotrophs, heterotrophs, or both? - Correct solution both Are protists unicellular, multicellular, or both? - Correct solution both Are fungi prokaryotic or eukaryotic? - Correct solution prokaryotic Are fungi autotrophs, heterotrophs, or both? - Correct solution heterotroph Are fungi unicellular, multicellular, or both? - Correct solution multicellular