Biology Final Exam Study Guide: Chapters 1-4, Exams of Biology

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Which of the following statements about the properties of life is false? A) All organisms have the ability to take in energy and use it. B) All organisms have the ability to respond to stimuli from the environment C) All organisms have the ability to reproduce. D) All organisms have the ability to maintain a constant internal temperature. - Correct Answer D Life is organized in a hierarchical fashion. Which of the following sequences correctly lists that hierarchy from least inclusive to most inclusive A) ecosystem, population, organ system, cell, community, molecule, organ, organism, organelle, tissue B) cell, molecule, organ system, organ, organelle, population, tissue, organism, ecosystem, community C) organism, organ system, tissue, population, organ, organelle, community, cell, ecosystem, molecule D) molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem - Correct Answer D Organisms that are prokaryotes are in the domains A) Bacteria and Archaea B) Plantae and Animalia C) Eukarya and Archaea D) Fungi and Bacteria - Correct Answer A Members of the kingdom Animalia A) can obtain their food either by absorption or by photosynthesis B) are composed of cells that lack a cell membrane C) can obtain their food by eating other organisms D) make their own food through photosythesis - Correct Answer C

Which of the following is a kingdom within the domain Eukarya? A) Viruses B) Fungi C) Archaea D) Bacteria - Correct Answer B A hypothesis is A) the same as a theory B) a proposed explanation for a set of observations C) an explanatory idea that is broad in scope and supported by a large body of evidence D) a widely accepted idea about a phenomenon - Correct Answer B A theory is A) an idea that has been proven B) a concept in the early stages that still needs to be tested C) a description of a belief that invokes the supernatural D) an explanation of an idea that is broad in scope and supported by a large body of evidence - Correct Answer D To be scientifically valid, a hypothesis must be A) part of a theory B) controlled C) reasonable D) testable - Correct Answer D The role of a control in an experiment is to A) provide a basis of comparison to the experimental group B) prove that a hypothesis is correct C) ensure repeatability D) counteract the negative effect of the experiment - Correct Answer A

The four most common elements in living organisms are A) C, H, O, Fe B) C, H, O, Na C) C, H, O, N D) C, N, O, Na - Correct Answer C Which of the following is a trace element in the human body? A) nitrogen B) zinc C) oxygen D) hydrogen - Correct Answer B Which of the following statements best describes a compound? A) A compound is a pure element B) A compound contains two or more different elements in a fixed ration C) A compound is exemplified by sodium D) A compound is a solution - Correct Answer B Which of the following trace elements needed by humans is commonly added to table salt? A) iodine B) iron C) magnesium D) fluoride - Correct Answer A In some areas, fluoride is added during the municipal water treatment process in order to help A) prevent goiter B) prevent the growth of bacteria C) prevent the development of mental retardation

D) reduce tooth decay - Correct Answer D Which of the following particles is found in the nucleus of an atom? A) protons and neutrons B) protons and electrons C) only protons D) only electrons - Correct Answer A What is the atomic mass of an atom of an atom that has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons? A) 6 B) 8 C) 12 D) 18 - Correct Answer C An uncharged atom of boron has an atomic number of 5 and an atomic mass of 11. How many electrons does boron have? A) 11 B) 15 C) 5 D) 2 - Correct Answer C The sodium atom contains 11 electrons, 11 protons, and 12 neutrons. What is the mass number of sodium? A) 11 B) 22 C) 23 D) 34 - Correct Answer C Which of the following best describes the atomic number of an atom? A) the number of protons in the atom

B) the number of electrons in the atom C) the number of neutrons in the atom D) the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons in the atom - Correct Answer A Uranium, which is element 95, is the last natural occurring element found in nature. A) True B) False - Correct Answer B Iron, a trace element, is important in the transfer of oxygen in the body. A) True B) False - Correct Answer A The chemical reactions of your body occur in cells consisting of 70 - 95% fat. A) True B) False - Correct Answer B The smallest unit of an element that has all of the properties of the element; basic building block of matter - Correct Answer Atom Information collected during an experiment - Correct Answer Data Data which can be measured - Correct Answer Quantitative data An element that has some properties of a metal and some properties of a nonmetal - Correct Answer Metalloid Something that can be changed. - Correct Answer Variable Your proposed answer to the question or solution to the problem - Correct Answer Hypothesis The number of protons contained in each nucleus of its atoms of the element - Correct Answer Atomic number

An element or substance that conducts heat and electricity - Correct Answer Metal Data dealing with descriptions - Correct Answer Qualitative data A substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance by ordinary chemical means - Correct Answer Element The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of one atom of the element - Correct Answer Atomic mass A macromolecule is composed of smaller units called A) polymers B) cells C) isomers D) monomers E) isotopes - Correct Answer D Which of the following is not a macromolecule? A) protein B) starch C) nucleotide D) lipid E) DNA - Correct Answer B A(n) ______________ is a basic unit of a carbohydrate. A) monosaccharide B) starch C) nucleotide D) glycerol E) amino acids - Correct Answer A Which of the following includes all the others?

A) sucrose B) glucose C) cellulose D) glycogen E) carbohydrate - Correct Answer E Organic compounds that are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio are called A) proteins B) nucleotides C) sugars D) fatty acids E) nucleic acids - Correct Answer C Starch and cellulose are alike in that both are A) composed of covalently bonded glucose molecules B) found only in animal cells C) contain sugars bonded together in identical ways D) contain non-polar, fatty acid side chains - Correct Answer A A carbohydrate(polysaccharide) that makes plant cells and tissues structurally rigid is A) sucrose B) glycogen C) starch D) cellulose D) nucleotides - Correct Answer D A carbohydrate(polysaccharide) that is formed by plants and used later by the plant as a reserve food supply and made up of only glucose molecules covalently bonded together is A) cellulose

B) starch C) glycogen D) triglycerides E) sucrose - Correct Answer B In a lipid bilayer __________ tails point inward and form a region that excludes water. A) acidic B) basic C) hydrophilic D) hydrophobic - Correct Answer D What type of lipids are found in all biological membranes? A) triglycerides B) waxes C) phospholipids D) diglycerides - Correct Answer C Amino acids are the building blocks for A) proteins B) steroids C) lipids D) nucleic acids - Correct Answer A The sequence of amino acids is the _________ structure of proteins. A) primary B) secondary C) tertiary D) quaternary - Correct Answer A Nucleotides are the building blocks for

A) proteins B) steroids C) lipids D) RNA - Correct Answer D DNA and RNA are examples of which family of biological molecules? A) proteins B) carbohydrates C) lipids D) amino acids E) nucleic acids - Correct Answer E Which of the following is not a disaccharide? A) sucrose B) maltose C) lactose D) amylose - Correct Answer D Each of the following is a cell organelle except one. Which one of these is NOT a cell organelle? A) cytoplasm B) lysosome C) ER D) Golgi - Correct Answer A Which of the following structures is common only to plant cells? A) chloroplast B) lysosome C) mitochondria D) nucleus - Correct Answer A

Which is found in the nucleus of the cell? A) ribosomes B) nucleolus C) chloroplast D) vaculole - Correct Answer B Which structure controls what enters and leaves the cell? A) nucleus B) nucleolus C) cell membrane D) mitochondria - Correct Answer C The fluid filled storage organelle found in the plant cell is called A) chloroplast B) cell wall C) vacuole D) mitochondria - Correct Answer C Forms the cell wall of plant cells - Correct Answer proteins provides long term energy storage for animals - Correct Answer lipids provide immediate energy - Correct Answer carbohydrates forms the cell membrane of all cells - Correct Answer lipids provides short term energy storage for animals - Correct Answer carbohydrates many sugars - Correct Answer carbohydrates speeds up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy - Correct Answer proteins

glucose - Correct Answer carbohydrates cholesterol - Correct Answer lipids cellulose - Correct Answer carbohydrates DNA - Correct Answer nucleic acids