Quantitative Research Techniques and Statistics: Questions with Answers 2024, Exams of Nursing

Download Quantitative Research Techniques and Statistics: Questions with Answers 2024 and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! BMAL 590 Quantitative Research Techniques and Statistics Questions with Answers 2024 A company has developed a new computer sound card whose average lifetime is unknown. In order to estimate this average, 200 sound cards are randomly selected from a large production line and tested; their average lifetime is found to be 5 years. The five years represents a ✔ Statistics A summary measure that is computed from a population is called a ✔ Parameter Which of the following is a measure of the reliability of a statistical inference? ✔ A significance level The process of using sample statistics to draw conclusions about population parameters is called ✔ Doing inferential statistics Which of the following represents a population, as opposed to a sample? ✔ All registered voters in the State of Michigan A study in under way to determine the average height of all 32,000 adult pine trees in a certain national forest. The heights of 500 randomly selected adult pine trees are measured and analyzed. The sample in this study is ✔ The 500 adult pine trees selected at random selected at random from this forest The significance level of a statistical inference measures ✔ The proportion of times a conclusion about a population will be wrong in the long run The confidence level of a statistical inference measures ✔ The proportion of times an estimation procedure will be correct in the long run A marketing research firm selects a random sample of adults and asks them a list of questions regarding their beverage preferences. What type of data collection is involved here? ✔ A survey Which of the following statements is true regarding the design of a good survey? ✔ All of these choices are true Which method of data collection is involved when a researcher counts and records the number of students wearing backpacks on campus on a given day? ✔ Direct observation The difference between a sample mean and the population mean is called ✔ Sampling error The manager of the customer service division of a major consumer electronics company is interested in determining whether the customers who have purchased a videocassette recorder over the past 12 months are satisfied with their products. If there are four different brands of videocassette recorders made by the company, the best sampling strategy would be to use a ✔ Stratified random sample When every possible sample with the same number of observations is equally likely to be chosen, the result is called a ✔ Simple random sample Which of the following types of samples is almost always biased? ✔ Self-selected samples Which of the following is an example of a nonsampling error? ✔ All of these choices are true Which of the following situations lends itself to cluster samples? ✔ All of these choices are true Which of the following causes sampling error? ✔ Taking a random sample from a population instead of studying the entire population Which of the following describes selection bias? ✔ Some members of the target population are excluded from possible selection for the sample An approach of assigning probabilities which assumes that all outcomes of the experiment are equally likely is referred to as the ✔ Classical approach The collection of all possible outcomes of an experiment is called ✔ A sample space If event A and event B cannot occur at the same time, then A and B are said to be ✔ Mutually exclusive Which of the following best describes the concept of marginal probability? For a given level of significance, if the sample size increases, the probability of a Type II error will ✔ Decrease The power of a test is measured by its capability of ✔ Rejecting a null hypothesis that is false If the probability of committing a Type I error for a given test is decreased, then for a fixed sample size n, the probability of committing a Type II error will ✔ Increase A robust estimator is one that is ✔ Not sensitive to moderate nonnormality For statistical inference about the mean of a single population when the population standard deviation is unknown, the degrees for freedom for the t-distribution equal n - 1 because we lose one degree of freedom by using the ✔ Sample mean as an estimate of the population mean The degrees of freedom for the test statistic for μ when σ is unknown is ✔ n - 1 The statistic (n - 1)s2 / σ2 has a chi-squared distribution with n - 1 degrees of freedom if ✔ the population is normally distributed with variance equal to σ2 Which of the following is an example illustrating the use of variance? ✔ All of these choices are true Which of the following conditions is needed regarding the chi-squared test statistic for the test of variance? ✔ All of these choices are true Under what condition(s) does the test statistic for p have an approximate normal distribution? ✔ When np and n(1 - p) are both > 5 In selecting the sample size to estimate the population proportion p, if we have no knowledge of even the approximate values of the sample proportion p̂ , we ✔ Let p̂ = 0.50 When determining the sample size needed for a proportion for a given level of confidence and sampling error, the closer to 0.50 that p is estimated to be ✔ The larger the sample size required Which of the following would be an appropriate null hypothesis? ✔ The population proportion is equal to 0.60 The analysis of variance is a procedure that allows statisticians to compare two or more population ✔ Means The distribution of the test statistic for analysis of variance is the ✔ F-distribution In one-way analysis of variance, between-treatments variation is measured by the ✔ SST When is the Tukey multiple comparison method used? ✔ To test for differences in pairwise means In Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) multiple comparison method, the LSD value will be the same for all pairs of means if ✔ All sample sizes are the same Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) multiple comparison method is flawed because ✔ It will increase α; the probability of committing a Type I error When the objective is to compare more than two populations, the experimental design that is the counterpart of the matched pairs experiment is called a ✔ Randomized block design The primary interest of designing a randomized block experiment is to ✔ Reduce the within-treatments variation to more easily detect differences among the treatment means A complete 3 x 2 factorial experiment is called balanced if ✔ The number of replicates is the same for each of the 6 treatments In a two-factor ANOVA, there are 4 levels for factor A, 5 levels for factor B, and 3 observations for each combination of factor A and factor B levels. The number of treatments in this experiment equals ✔ 20 A tabular presentation that shows the outcome for each decision alternative under the various states of nature is called a ✔ Payoff table Which of the following would be considered a state of nature for a business firm? ✔ Worker safety laws A payoff table lists the monetary values for each possible combination of the ✔ Event (state of nature) and act (alternative) Which of the following is true? ✔ All of these choices are true Which of the following statements is false regarding the expected monetary value (EMV)? ✔ In general, the expected monetary values represent possible payoffs Which of the following statements is correct? ✔ All of these choices are true The expected value of perfect information is the same as the ✔ Expected opportunity loss for the best alternative The expected value of sample information (EVSI) is the difference between ✔ The expected monetary value with additional information (EMV') and the expected monetary value for the best decision (EMV*) The procedure for revising probabilities based upon additional information is referred to as ✔ Bayes' Law The difference between expected payoff under certainty and expected value of the best act without certainty is the ✔ Expected value of perfect information