Bonent review exam Questions and Answers (Latest Update 2025) 100% Verified Answers, Exams of Nursing

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When the hemodialysis machine detects a blood leak, there will be an audio and visual alarm and the A. blood pump will stop. B. air detector will alarm C. machine will go into bipass D. conductivity alarm will occur - Correct Answer ✅A Management of pericarditis might include all of the following EXPECT? A. Controlled heparinization during dialysis. B. Agressive blood pressure control. C. Increased frequency of dialysis. D. Use of anti-inflammatory drugs. - Correct Answer ✅B A patient telephones the dialysis unit to complain of shortness of breath. The technician is concerned because she realizes thst this symptom is indicative of? A. Cardiac problems B. Disequilibrium syndrome C. Fluid overload

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D. High serum potassium - Correct Answer ✅C Which of the following organizations is primarily concerned with providing the dialysis unit staff with educational opportunities for continued professional growth and development? A. Council of nephrology nurses and technicians (CNNT) of the national kidney foundation. B. American society of artifical internal organs (ASAIO) C. American kidney fund. (AKF) D. American society if nephrology (ASN) - Correct Answer ✅A Which of the following is NOT essential to the successful completion of a research project? A. Review of the literature in the problem area B. Publication of results C problem of definition D. Obtaining permission of the unit manager and the study subject. - Correct Answer ✅B

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C. Pantients D. Facility - Correct Answer ✅C If the dialysis machine has been disinfected with formaldehyde, it is important to test for redidual formaldehyde after rinsing to minimize the risk of? A. Potential for a pyrogenic reaction B. Alteration of the chemical composition of the dialysis fluid. C. Patient exposure to formaldehyde D. Alteration of components in the machine. - Correct Answer ✅C In hemodiakysis the most commonly used volume expander is 0.9% NaCl. If this solution has the same effective osmolarity as body fluids it's called? A. Isotonic B. hypertonic C. Hypotonic D. Monotonic - Correct Answer ✅A Which of the following is NOT a possible sequela hepatitis B?

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A. Chronic active or chronic persistent hepatitis B. Cirrhosis C. Pancreatitis D. Liver cancer - Correct Answer ✅C In the event a MAJOR fire is discovered in an area occupied by patients the first action should be to? A. Remove the patients B. Shut off all utilities C. Extinguish the fire D. Pull the fire alarm - Correct Answer ✅A Which of the following had the greatest impact in the efficiency and safety of a hemodialysis treatment? A. Adequate professional supervision and ancillary personnel. B. Adequate personnel ratios, good supervision, and up to date equipment. C. educsted and motivated staff and properly maintained equipment.

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B. Hypothermic C hyperthermic D. Hypoglycemic - Correct Answer ✅C The dose of heparin required to achieve anticoagulation varies widely among patients. In general however the goal of anticoagulation in dialysis is to maintain the degree of anticoagulation at? A. Normal baseline clotting studies B. 1.5-2 times baseline clotting studies C. Five times baseline clotting studies D. Ten times baseline clotting studies - Correct Answer ✅B The normal kidneys compensate for fluid loss by retaining which of the following? A sodium and water B. Urea and creatinine C. Chloride and bicarbonate D. Creatinine and potassium - Correct Answer ✅A The primary reason for anemia in chronic renal failure is?

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A. Platelet dysfunction B. Increased bleeding tendencies C. Loss of blood during hemodialysis D. Decreased erythropoietin production - Correct Answer ✅D Performance of creatine clearance test requires? A. Spot urine and serum creatinine measurement B. Urine measurement of protein, uric acid and urea. C a timed urine collection and serum creatinine measurement

• Correct Answer ✅C Which of the following is a cause of hemolysis during dialysis? A.minimal hospitalizations B. Improper dialysate preparation C. Extremely high levels of iron in the water D. Excessively low dialysate temperature - Correct Answer ✅B

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D. Regulate instill action and drainage of the dialysis solution

• Correct Answer ✅D The best way to define the term anastomosis is? A. Surgical connection B. Ballooning or bulging of a weak spot in a blood vessel C. Opening of a narrowed blood vessel using a catheter and balloon D. Same site cannulation - Correct Answer ✅A In the expression kt/v the "k" dtsnd for? A. Kidney B. Kinetic modeling C. Serum potassium D. Urea clearance of the dialyzer - Correct Answer ✅D A patients venous needle falls out. The first thing the technician would do is A. Notify the charge nurse

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B. Clamp the venous line, reinsert needle and restart treatment. C. Turn off blood pump, Clamp venous line, and put pressure on the puncture site. D. Assess the patients blood loss and notify the physician - Correct Answer ✅C All of the are potential problems associated with the use of bicarbonate dialysate EXCEPT? A. Increased risk of bacterial growth B. Dangerous electrolyte concentrations due to concentrate mix up C. Precipitation of calcium and magnesium in the delivery system D. Carbon dioxide levels in the bicarbonate dialysate becoming dangerously high - Correct Answer ✅D A patient who has gone on high-efficiency dialysis now dialyzes for 3 hours per session instead of 4. Which of the following findings would indicate that the current prescription is inadequate?

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populations. Which of the following is true regarding the effect of heparin in a dialysis patient? A. hemodialysis patients may exhibit increased bleeding tendencies for up to 24 hours post dialysis. B. The rebound effect, of heparin metabolism increases the incidence of bleeding in this population. C. platelet aggregation in the dialysis population is markedly increased placing patients at risk for bleeding. D. Diabetic dialysis patients exhibit a heparin half life up to three times longer than non-diabetic dialysis patients. - Correct Answer ✅B Constipation is a common problem for dialysis patients. The primary reason for this is? A. Decreased motility of the GI tract B. decreased motility caused by anemia C. The inability of the kidney to filter water D. Medications such as phosphate binders or ferrous sulfate. - Correct Answer ✅D All of the following are relevant factors in ensuring the accuracy of the activated clotting line ACT EXCEPT for?

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A. Temperature of the ACT tube B. Patients hematocrit value C. volume of blood in the ACT tube. D. prompt admixing of blood and clotting reagent - Correct Answer ✅B For which of the following purposes is mannitol used? A. to support blood pressure by expanding volume.] B. to decrease clotting C. to relieve symptoms of restlessness in the elderly D. to relieve muscle cramps - Correct Answer ✅A To minimize risk of injury to improper dialysate, one step which must be taken by each facility using bicarbonate dialysis is to? A. rely on pH monitors on delivery systems to assure proper concentrate/hookups B. use large jugs, then conserve dialysate by pouring half empty jugs together.

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The procedure most likely ordered after placement of a subclavian catheter is? A. Chest X-ray to verify catheter placement B. CAT scan to rule out pulmonary embolism. C. Echocardiogram to verify catheter placement. D. Pulmonary scan to assess degrees of recirculation in the new access. - Correct Answer ✅A Complcations associated with arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis access included which of the following? A. infections, aneurysm, hypovolemia, hypoxia B. stenosis, thrombosis, hypovolemia, hypoxia C. Thrombosis, infection, stenosis, arterial steal syndrome D. Arterial steal syndrome, infection, epistaxis, hyperkalemia.

• Correct Answer ✅C The total pressure in the blood circuit is a result of all the following EXCEPT the? A. rate of dialysis fluid flow

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B. blood flow rate controlled by the blood pump. C. resistance to flow is the blood circuit D. diameter of the fistula needle. - Correct Answer ✅A Minimal heparinization should be considered in patients who have a history of all of the following EXCEPT? A. cataracts B. Menstrual flow C. pericarditis D. active ulcer - Correct Answer ✅A For a patient treatment session the blood pump is set at 250 ml/mm The technician notices that the bloodlines appear to be "jumping' The pre pump arterial monitor reads -250 mm Hg, In this situation the technician should A. Administer hypertonic saline because the patient is hypotensive. B. Turn off the pump and apply pressure because the needles has infiltrated C. Administer a bolus of saline because volume depletion has caused the arterial system to collapse.

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A. using continuous weight monitoring devises B. observing the patient for yawning, warmth, and restlessness C. asking a family member to sit with the patient D. inserting Swan-ganz catheters easily into the venous trap.

• Correct Answer ✅B which of the following laboratory findings is NOT affected by dietary intake and is used as an indicator of renal failure A. sodium level B. potassium level C. creatinine level D. blood urea nitrogen value - Correct Answer ✅C Clotting of vascular access is sometimes treated with thrombolytic agents or systemic anticoagulants. Nurses and technicians administering hemodialysis treatments to patients treated with such agents need to be aware of which of the following potential complications A. shock B. sepsis

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C. arrhythmia D. hemorrhage - Correct Answer ✅D Uremic pericarditis presents as A. Bounding pulses, Hyperkalemia, and uremia B. Pulmonary emboli, Hypokalemia, and uremia C. decreased cardiac size and hypertension D. dyspnea, chest pain, pericardial friction rub, and uremia - Correct Answer ✅D The most effective treatment for muscle cramping during dialysis treatment is to inject a bolus of A. hypertonic saline into the injection port on the venous blood line. B. hypertonic saline into the blood line through the arterial injection port. C. dextrose 26% into the bloodline through the venous injection port D. dextrose 25% into the blood line thought the arterial injection port - Correct Answer ✅A