BSAD 30 Exam 1 questions with 100% correct answers, Exams of Nursing

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BSAD 30 Exam 1

Constraint - correct answer ✔✔An equation or inequality that rules out certain combinations of decision variables as feasible solutions. Problem formulation - correct answer ✔✔The process of translating a verbal statement of a problem into a mathematical statement called the mathematical model. Mathematical model - correct answer ✔✔A representation of a problem where the objective and all constraint conditions are described by mathematical expressions. Decision variable - correct answer ✔✔A controllable input for a linear programming model. Objective function - correct answer ✔✔The expression that defines the quantity to be maximized or minimized in a linear programming model. Nonnegativity constraints - correct answer ✔✔A set of constraints that requires all variables to be nonnegative. Linear program - correct answer ✔✔A mathematical model with a linear objective function, a set of linear constraints, and nonnegative variables. Linear functions - correct answer ✔✔Mathematical expressions in which the variables appear in separate terms and are raised to the first power. Feasible solution - correct answer ✔✔A solution that satisfies all the constraints simultaneously. Feasible region - correct answer ✔✔The set of all feasible solutions

Slack variable - correct answer ✔✔A variable added to the left-hand side of a less-than-or-equal-to constraint to convert the constraint into an equality. The value of this variable can usually be interpreted as the amount of unused resource.A variable added to the left-hand side of a less-than-or-equal-to constraint to convert the constraint into an equality. The value of this variable can usually be interpreted as the amount of unused resource. Standard form - correct answer ✔✔A linear program in which all the constraints are written as equalities. The optimal solution of the standard form of a linear program is the same as the optimal solution of the original formulation of the linear program. Redundant constraint - correct answer ✔✔A constraint that does not affect the feasible region. If a constraint is redundant, it can be removed from the problem without affecting the feasible region. Extreme point - correct answer ✔✔Graphically speaking, extreme points are the feasible solution points occurring at the vertices, or "corners," of the feasible region. With two-variable problems, extreme points are determined by the intersection of the constraint lines. Surplus variable - correct answer ✔✔A variable subtracted from the left-hand side of a greater-than-or- equal-to constraint to convert the constraint into an equality. The value of this variable can usually be interpreted as the amount over and above some required minimum level. Alternative optimal solutions - correct answer ✔✔The case in which more than one solution provides the optimal value for the objective function. Infeasibility - correct answer ✔✔The situation in which no solution to the linear programming problem satisfies all the constraints. Unbounded - correct answer ✔✔The situation in which the value of the solution may be made infinitely large in a maximization linear programming problem or infinitely small in a minimization problem without violating any of the constraints. Problem solving - correct answer ✔✔The process of identifying a difference between the actual and the desired state of affairs and then taking action to resolve the difference.

Decision making - correct answer ✔✔The process of defining the problem, identifying the alternatives, determining the criteria, evaluating the alternatives, and choosing an alternative. Single-criterion decision problem - correct answer ✔✔A problem in which the objective is to find the "best" solution with respect to just one criterion. Multicriteria decision problem - correct answer ✔✔A problem that involves more than one criterion; the objective is to find the "best" solution, taking into account all the criteria. Decision - correct answer ✔✔The alternative selected. Model - correct answer ✔✔A representation of a real object or situation. Iconic model - correct answer ✔✔A physical replica, or representation, of a real object. Analog model - correct answer ✔✔Although physical in form, an analog model does not have a physical appearance similar to the real object or situation it represents. Mathematical model - correct answer ✔✔Mathematical symbols and expressions used to represent a real situation. Constraint - correct answer ✔✔A restriction or limitation imposed on a problem. Objective function - correct answer ✔✔The mathematical expression that defines the quantity to be maximized or minimized. Uncontrollable input - correct answer ✔✔The factors that cannot be controlled by the decision maker. Controllable input - correct answer ✔✔The decision alternatives that can be specified by the decision maker.

Decision variable - correct answer ✔✔Another term for controllable input. Deterministic model - correct answer ✔✔A model in which all uncontrollable inputs are known and cannot vary. Stochastic model - correct answer ✔✔A model in which at least one uncontrollable input is uncertain and subject to variation; stochastic models are also referred to as probabilistic models. Optimal solution - correct answer ✔✔The specific decision variable value or values that provide the "best" output for the model. Infeasible solution - correct answer ✔✔A decision alternative or solution that violates one or more constraints. Feasible solution - correct answer ✔✔A decision alternative or solution that satisfies all constraints. Fixed cost - correct answer ✔✔The portion of the total cost that does not depend on the volume; this cost remains the same no matter how much is produced. Variable cost - correct answer ✔✔The portion of the total cost that is dependent on and varies with the volume. Marginal cost - correct answer ✔✔The rate of change of the total cost with respect to volume. Allocation Models - correct answer ✔✔Maximize objective (typically profit) to less than constrainst Covering Models - correct answer ✔✔Minimize objective (typically costs) subject to greater than constraints on coverage Blending Models - correct answer ✔✔mixing materials with individual properties and describing properties with weighted averages

Network Modles - correct answer ✔✔Modles that describe a distribution process