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BSC1005 MIDTERM MDC EXAM 2024- 2025 WITH ACTUAL CORRECT QUESTIONS AN VERIFIED DETAILED ANSWERS |FREQUENTLY TESTED QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS |ALREADY GRADED A+|NEWEST| GUARANTEED PASS |LATEST UPDATEBSC1005 MIDTERM MDC EXAM 2024- 2025 WITH ACTUAL CORRECT QUESTIONS AN VERIFIED DETAILED ANSWERS |FREQUENTLY TESTED QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS |ALREADY GRADED A+|NEWEST| GUARANTEED PASS |LATEST UPDATEBSC1005 MIDTERM MDC EXAM 2024- 2025 WITH ACTUAL CORRECT QUESTIONS AN VERIFIED DETAILED ANSWERS |FREQUENTLY TESTED QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS |ALREADY GRADED A+|NEWEST| GUARANTEED PASS |LATEST UPDATE
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The concept of a membrane as a fluid mosaic reflects the ability of ______. Phospholipids AND proteins to drift about in the plane of the membrane A hormone that will be secreted from the cell is manufactured by ribosomes ________. attached to endoplasmic reticulum. What structures move proteins from the ER to the Golgi apparatus? transport vesicles. Which of the following is a feature of prokaryotic cells but not eukaryotic cells? Pili Information is transferred from the nucleus to ribosomes via ____. mRNA Microtubules are associated with ______. A) cilia B) flagella C) cell shape in animal cells D) all of the above ALL OF THE ABOVE.
What type of microscope would be best for studying the detailed structure of the surface of a plasma membrane? Scanning electron microscope. Active transport ______. A) Uses ATP as an energy source B) Can move solutes against their concentration gradient C) Requires the cell to expend energy D) Can involve the transport of ions E) All of the above E) All of the above In a hypotonic solution, a plant cell will _____. become turgid. An object at rest has no ______ energy, but it may have _____ energy resulting from its location or structure. kinetic....potential. Energy is transferred from ATP to other molecules by transferring a(n) ______. Phosphate group. Which component of the following reaction is the SUBSTRATE? sucrose + sucrase + water --> sucrase + glucose + fructose Sucrose. Relaying a message from a receptor protein to a molecule that performs a specific function within a cell is called _____. Signal transduction. Osmosis can be defined as ______. The diffusion of water. Which component of the following reaction is the ENZYME? sucrose + sucrase + water sucrase + glucose + fructose Sucrase. Substances that plug up an enzymes active sites are ___. Enzyme inhibitors Facilitated diffusion across a biological membrane requires _____ and moves a substance _____ its concentration gradient.
Transport proteins
Down. The act of a white blood cell engulfing a bacteruim is _____. phagocytosis An enzymes function is dependent on its ______. Shape. Diffusion ______. Proceeds until equilibrium is reached. Which of the following processes could result in the net movement of a substance into a cell, if the substance is more concentrated in the cell than in the surroundings? Active Transport. Which of the following is a measure of randomness in a system? Entropy. Diffusion is an example of ______. Passive transport. Which of the following are true? A) Most enzymes are lipids. B) An enzyme's function is unaffected by antibiotics. C) Enzymes are the reactants in a chemical reaction. D) Enzymes catalyze specific reactions. E) An enzyme's function requires inhibitors. C) Enzymes are the reactants in a chemical reaction. If placed in tap water, an animal cell will undergo lysis (refers to the breaking down of the membrane of a cell) Whereas the plant cell will not. What accounts for the difference? The relative inelasticity and strength of the plant cell wall. Read the following scenario to answer the following question(s).
Cellular respiration converts the energy of fuel molecules to a form of energy that a cell can use to perform work. In an average day, most adult humans need to consume about 2,000 Calories to maintain their health. However, the exact amount of dietary Calories a person needs depends upon many factors, including the person's age, physical activity, size, and health. Foods that we consume vary greatly in their nutritional content and quality. A large hard-boiled egg, for example, has about 75 dietary Calories and contains about 70% of our recommended daily intake of cholesterol.
Molecules that come from the food we eat provide energy for the amazing work that goes on inside of our cells. This energy, stored inside of our food, is a form of ______. Potential energy called chemical energy. When two solutions that differ in solute concentration are placed on either side of a selectively permeable membrane, and osmosis is allowed to take place, the water will ______. Exhibit a net movement to the side with lower water concentration. Which of the following is a function of the Gogli apparatus. Protein modification. Vacuoles are _____. Membranous sacs. Cellular respiration can be described as the conversion of the energy _____. Stored in food molecules to energy stored in ATP. Read the following scenario to answer the following question(s).
The earliest cells detectable in fossils were different from the cells in animals, plants, fungi, and protists living today. These first prokaryotic cells gave rise to eukaryotic cells approximately 1.7 billion years ago. The structure of eukaryotic cells today suggests how they might have evolved from their prokaryotic ancestors. Scientists examining mitochondria and chloroplasts now think that these organelles were probably free-living prokaryotes before becoming a part of eukaryotic cells long ago.
Which of the following is a characteristic of chloroplasts that suggests that they might have evolved from free-living bacteria? Chloroplast have their own DNA. The region of an enzyme to which substrate binds is called the ____ site. Active. The sum total of all the chemical reactions that occur in organisms is called ______. Metabolism. Which of the following structures manufactures the components of ribosomes? Nucleus. Why is glycolysis considered to be one of the first metabolic pathways to have evolved? It does not involve organelles or specialized structures, does not require oxygen, and is present in most organisms.
In cellular respiration, most ATP is produced directly as a result of _____. The movement of hydrogen ions across the mitochondrial membrane. During redox reactions, _____. Electrons are lost from one substance and added to another substance. How many carbon atoms are fed into the citric acid cycle as a result of the oxidation of one molecule of pyruvate? Two Which of the following intermediary metabolites enters the citric acid cycle and is formed, in part, by the removal of carbon (CO2) from one molecule of pyruvate? Acetyl CoA A child is born with a rare disease in which mitochondria are missing from certain skeletal muscle cells. Physicians find that the muscle cells function. Not surprisingly, they also find that ______. The muscles contain large amounts of lactic acid following even mild physical exercise Which part of cellular respiration produces the most NADH? Citric acid cycle. A product of glycolysis is ____. A) Lactic Acid B) Ethyl Alcohol C) NAD+ D) O E) Pyruvic Acid Pyruvis Acid. Electron transport takes place in the ____. Mitochondria. An aerobic process requires _____. Oxygen. In photosynthesis, redox reactants ultimately transfer electrons from _____ to _____. H2O......CO The color that we see when looking at a pigmented object is ____. The wavelengths that are reflected or transmitted by the pigmented object. What compound is found at the reaction center of a photosystem? Chlorophyll a
Which of the following is found in both in both cellular respiration and in the light reactions of photosynthesis? Electron transport chain. Which of the following is the source of electrons for the light reactions? H2O CAM plants conserve water by _____. Opening their stomata only at night. The Calvin cycle makes direct use of _____ to make _____. CO2, ATP, and NADPH... sugar When a molecule absorbs a photon, one of its electrons is raised to the ____ state. Excited. The light reactions of photosynthesis take place in ______. The thylakoid membrane Through what structure(s) do plants obtain most of their water? Roots. What waste product do yeast produce under anaerobic conditions? Ethyl alcohol. Which of the following statements is true? Oxidation is the loss of electrons; Reduction is the gain of electrons. Read the following scenario to answer the following question(s).
An abundant and continual supply of ATP is necessary for all living cells. Active muscle cells require an extraordinary amount of ATP to permit strenuous exercise for prolonged periods. Toxins, reduced blood flow, and a compromised respiratory system can interfere with the transport of oxygen to active cells. A runner in a marathon faces multiple obstacles to continue to produce sufficient ATP to remain competitive.
Breathing faster when we exercise is necessary to expel ______. Carbon dioxide and bring in more oxygen to support aerobic metabolism Electron transport takes place in the _____. Mitochondria.
Aerobic cellular respiration generates about _____ ATP from one glucose. 38 ANaerobic respiration produces a maximum of ______ ATP from one glucose. 2 What must pyruvic acid be converted to before it can enter the citric acid cycle? acetly CoA The first electron acceptor of of cellular respiration is ___. NAD+ The second stage of aerobic respiration is _____. The citric acid cycle. Which of the following metabolic pathways is common to both aerobic and anaerobic processes of sugar breakdown? glycolysis In photosynthesis, an H+ ion gradient forms across the _____. thylakoid membrane The Calvin cycle requires ______ and ______ from the light reactions in order to operate. ATP... NADPH What is responsible for the yellow/orange coloring of the leaves in fall? Carotenoids. The energy of the wavelengths that appear _____ is least useful to photosynthesis. Green. Which of the following equations best summarizes photosynthesis? 6 CO2 + 6 H2O C6H12O6 + 6 O In photosynthesis, redox reactions ultimately transfer electrons from ______ to ______. H2O... CO C4 plants conserve water by ______. keeping their stomata closed when the weather is hot and dry. Within the inner membrane of a chloroplast, interconnected sacs of membrane called ______ are suspended in a thick fluid called the ______.
thylakoids... stroma The shorter the wavelength of visible light, the _____. Greater the energy. Which Kingdom of Eukarya consist primarily of unicellular organisms? Protista What accounts for the different breeds of domesticated dogs? Artificial selection. What does adaption mean in a biological context? The accumulation of favorable variations in a population over time. What is the difference between discovery science and hypothesis driven science? Discover science describes natural structures and processes as accurately as possible through careful observation and data analysis.
Hypothesis- driven science is the observation and induction of discovery science. It stimulates us to seek natural structures and processes. A Hypothesis is a ____. Tentative answer to a question. What is a Gene? A unit of inheritance. Relative to a PH of 6, a PH of 4 has a ______. 100 time high H+ concentration. Why is water considered a polar molecule? The oxygen end of the molecule has a slight negative charge, and the hydrogen end has a slight positive charge. A Base ______. Will increase the PH of a solution as it will lower the H+ ions. Animals store carbohydrates as _______? Glycogen. The following molecule is best described as ______. CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - CH hydrocarbon.
A pleated sheet is an example of protein ______structure Secondary A single carbon atom can form a maximum of ______ covalent bonds. 4 The following molecule is best described as _______. CH3-CH2-CH2-CH hydrocarbon. Enzymes are? proteins. How do radioactive isotopes differ from isotopes? RADIOACTIVE ISOTOPES: UNSTABLE
ISOTOPES: STABLE An uncharged atom of gold has an ATOMIC NUMBER of 79 and an ATOMIC MASS of 197.
This atom has _____ protons, _______ neutrons, and ______ electrons. 79....118.... The hydrogens and oxygen of a water molecule are held together by ______ bonds. Covalent. The four most common elements found in living things are ______. Carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen. Amino acids include a side group as well as _____.
A friend of yours appears to have put on a lot of muscle very quickly. At the same time, you notice that your friend seems to have a lot of mood swings and appears depressed. It is reasonable for you to suspect that your friend has begun to take ______. an ANABOLIC STEROID You try to start your car, but it does not start. Which of these is a hypothesis? My car battery is dead. How does TAXONOMY assist biologist? by categorizing diverse items into smaller and smaller numbers of groups. The branch of biology that explains both the diversity and unity of life is ______. Evolution. You try to start your car, but it does not start. Which of these is a prediction? If I recharge the battery, then my car will start. What is required for natural selection to occur? A) unequal reproductive success B) individual variation C) overreproduction D) inheritance E) all of the above ALL OF THE ABOVE!