C215 FINAL ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FRADED A+ 2024 UPDATED LATEST ., Exams of Operational Research

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C215 FINAL ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS

AND ANSWERS FRADED A+ 2024 UPDATED

LATEST.

Total Quality Management (TQM) Philosophy - Exact answer 1. customer focus

2. continuous improvement
3. employee empowerment
4. use of quality tools
5. product design
6. process management
7. managing supplier quality Process Capability Index (Cpk) - Exact answer Basic function of Six Sigma. Measures the process potential and performance of processes. The higher the range of Cpk, the improved is the ability of the process to complete its necessities. Six Sigma - Exact answer A disciplined, data-driven approach and methodology for eliminating defects (driving toward six standard deviations between the mean and the nearest specification limit) in any process - from manufacturing to transactional and from product to service. Design Capacity - Exact answer The theoretical maximum output of a system in a given period under ideal conditions. Location Analysis - Exact answer proximity to customers, transportation, source of labor, community attitude, proximity to suppliers, and many other factors. The technique for determining location decisions. Line Processes - Exact answer A type of process used to produce a large volume of a standardized product. ■ Limited customization and high volume

Batch Processes - Exact answer A type of process used to produce a small number of products in groups or batches based on customer orders or specifications. ■ High customization moderate volume Project Processes - Exact answer A type of process used to make a one- at-a-time product exactly to customer specifications. ■ Most custom and lowest volume Continuous Processes - Exact answer A type of process that operates continually to produce a high volume of a fully standardized product.

• No customization and as high a volume as possible Bottleneck - Exact answer Longest task in the process. Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) - Exact answer A type of automated system that combines the flexibility of intermittent operations with the efficiency of continuous operations. Output/Input Control - Exact answer A technique for monitoring the flow of jobs between work centers. Value-Added - Exact answer The net increase created during the transformation of inputs into final outputs. Hybrid Layouts - Exact answer Layouts that combine characteristics of process and product layouts.
• Group technology layouts.
• Cell technology layouts.
• Grocery stores use hybrid layouts Relationship Chart (REL) - Exact answer Table that reflects opinions of managers with regard to the importance of having any two departments close together.

Suppliers of the specialty materials for the tier one suppliers to be able to produce the packaging necessary for different products. Think cardboard, plastic, glass, chemicals. Tier Three Suppliers - Exact answer Directly supplies materials or services to a tier two supplier in the supply chain. These are companies that extract raw materials. Oil, raw chemical materials, wood. Capacity Requirements Planning (CRP) - Exact answer Determines the labor and machine resources needed to fill the open and planned orders generated by the MRP. Basically, checking if there is enough work scheduled for operations Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) - Exact answer Large software programs used for planning and coordinating all resources throughout the entire enterprise. Aggregate Plans - IN A BROAD SENSE - Exact answer Includes the budgeted levels of finished products, inventory, backlogs, workforce size, and aggregate production rate needed to support the marketing plan. Marketing Plan, TO, Operating and engineering Plans, TO, Start or revision of the strategic business plan. Third-Party Logistics (3PL) - Exact answer Businesses used to outsource elements of the company's distribution and fulfillment services. They typically specialize in integrated operation, warehousing and transportation services which can be scaled and customized to customers' needs based on market conditions, such as the demands and delivery service requirements for their products and materials. Supply Chain Operations Reference model (SCOR) - Exact answer the world's leading supply chain framework, linking business processes, performance metrics, practices and people skills into a unified structure.

The goals are to increase the speed of system implementations, support organizational learning goals, and improve inventory turns. Project Life Cycle Phases - Exact answer Conception, Feasibility/Study analysis, Planning, Execution, Termination Master Production Schedule (MPS) - Exact answer A plan for individual commodities to be produced in each time period.It is usually linked to manufacturing where the plan indicates when and how much of each product will be demanded. It gives production, planning, purchasing, and top management the information needed to plan and control the manufacturing operation. Total Quality Management (TQM) - Exact answer The meaning of quality as defined by the customer. Advertising revenue model - Exact answer Provides users with information on services and products and provides an opportunity for suppliers to advertise Affiliate revenue model - Exact answer Companies receive a referral fee for directing business to an affiliate Appraisal cost - Exact answer The cost associated with uncovering defects Automated order entry systems - Exact answer A method using telephone models to send digital orders to suppliers. Backwards integration - Exact answer Owning or controlling sources of raw materials and components. Benchmarking - Exact answer Studying other companies business practices for comparison. Bullwhip effect - Exact answer Inaccurate or distorted demand information created in the supply chain. Business to Business commerce - Exact answer Businesses buying and selling to other businesses.

E-distributors - Exact answer Independently owned net marketplaces having catalogs representing thousands of suppliers and designed for spot purchases. E-purchasing - Exact answer Companies that connect onlone MRO suppliers to businesses that pay fees to join the market, usually for long term contractual purchasing. Early supplier involment (ESI) - Exact answer Involvement of critical suppliers in new product design. Electronic data interchange (EDI) - Exact answer A form of computer to computer communications that enables sharing business documents. Electronic requests for quotes (eRFQs) - Exact answer An electronic request for a quote on goods and services. Electronic storefront - Exact answer online catalogs of products made available to the general public by a single supplier Exchanges - Exact answer Marketplaces that focus on spot requirements of larger firms in a single industry External Failure costs - Exact answer Costs associated with failures that occur at the customer site. Extranets - Exact answer intranets that are linked to the internet so that suppliers and customers can be included in the system. Fitness for use - TQM - Exact answer How well the product performs its intended purpose. Flowchart - Exact answer A schematic of the sequence of steps involved in a process. Forward integration - Exact answer Owning or controlling the channels of distributions General warehouse - Exact answer used for long term storage

Green supply chain management - Exact answer Focucses on the role of the supply chain with regard to its impact on the environment. Histogram - Exact answer A chart that shows frequency distribution of observed values of a variable. Incoming inspection - Exact answer verifies the quality of incoming goods Industry consortia - Exact answer Industry owned markets for purchase of direct inputs from limited number of suppliers. Insourced - Exact answer processes and activities completed in house Internal failure costs - Exact answer costs associated with discovering poor quality product before it reaches customers. Intranets - Exact answer networks internal to the organization ISO 14000 - Exact answer Set of standards & certification focused on environmental responsiblity ISO 9000 - Exact answer Set of quality standards & certification indicating companies have met that standard. Kaizen - Exact answer Japanese term for continuous improvement through learning and problem solving. Logistics - Exact answer Obtaining, producing an distributing materials and products. Malcolm Baldridge Award - Exact answer Award for demonstrating quality excellence and establishing best practices. Manufacturing crossdocking - Exact answer receiving and consolidating inbound supplies and materials for JIT manufacturing. Net Marketplaces - Exact answer suppliers and buyers conduct trade in a single internet based environment. Outsourced - Exact answer Processes/activities completed by suppliers.

Reliability - Exact answer probability of part, product or services will perform as intended. Requisition request - Exact answer indicates the need for an item. Retail crossdocking - Exact answer sorting product from multiple vendors onto outbound trucks headed for specific stores. Robust design - Exact answer A design that results in a product that can perform over a wide range of conditions. Sales revenue model - Exact answer a means of selling goods, information, or services directly to consumers. Scatter diagram - Exact answer Graphs that show how two variables relate. Sourcing strategy - Exact answer A plan indicating suppliers to be used when making purchases. Subscription revenue model - Exact answer a web site that charges a subscription fee for access to its contents and services. Supply Chain - Exact answer All the activities involved in delivering a finished product or service to customer Supply chain management (SCM) - Exact answer The speed at which product moves through a pipeline from the manufacturer to the customer. Coordinates and manages all the activities of the supply chain Management of the flow of materials from suppliers to customers in order to reduce overall cost and increase responsiveness to customers. Supply chain velocity - Exact answer The speed at which product moves through a pipeline from manufacturer to the customer. Support Serviecs - TQM - Exact answer Quality defined in terms of the support provided after the product services is purchased.

Taguchi loss function - Exact answer costs of quality increase as a quadratic function as conformance values move away from target. Tier one suppliers - Exact answer Supplies materials directly to processing facility Tier three suppliers - Exact answer Directly supplies materials or services to a tier two supplier in the supply chain. Tier two suppliers - Exact answer directly supplies tier one suppliers Total quality management - Exact answer The meaning of quality as defined by the customer Transaction fee model - Exact answer A company receives a fee for executing a transaction Transportation crossdocking - Exact answer Consideration of LTL shipments to gain economics of scale. Value for price paid - TQM - Exact answer Quality defined in terms of consumer's perception of usefulness of service or product related to prices paid. Vertical integration - Exact answer A measure of how much of the supply chain is owned by the manufacturing company. Best Operating level - Exact answer the output volume that results in lowest average unit cost. Break even analysis - Exact answer used to compute the amount of goods that must be sold just to cover costs. Capacity - Exact answer maximum output rate that can be achieved by a facility. Capacity cushions - Exact answer additional capacity added to regular capacity requirements for greater flexibility.

This is all about the costs of labor and outsourcing making labor more competitive. Also, the fact that other cultures have different value systems that need to be understood and leveraged to make the business successful. Load-distance model - Location Analysis - Exact answer a procedure for evaluating location alternatives based on distance. Rectilinear distance. - Exact answer The shortest distance between two points measured by using only north-south and east-west movements Beliefs defining JIT philosophy - Exact answer Operations, simplicity, continuous improvement, visibility, and flexibility. Bottom-round management - Exact answer consensus management by committees or teams. Broad view of JIT - Exact answer philosophy that encompasses the entire organization Broad view of the organization - Exact answer tasks and procedures are important only if they meet goals. Cell manufacturing - Exact answer Placement of dissimilar machines and equipment together to produce a family of products with similar requirements. External setups - Exact answer can be performed while the machine is still running Flexible - Exact answer A company can quickly adapt to changing customer needs. Jidoka - Exact answer Authority given to workers to stop production line if quality problems are detected. JIT system - Exact answer Three elements JIT manufacturing, TQM, and respect for people

Just-in-time philosophy - Exact answer Right quantity, right place, right time JIT manufacturing - Exact answer the element of JIT that focuses on production to achieve value-added manufacturing. Pull system. Kanban Production. Small lot sizes and quick set-ups. Uniform Plant Loading. Flexible Resources. Facility Layout. Multifunction workers - Exact answer Capable of performing more than one job Poka-yoke - Exact answer Foolproof devices or mechanisms that prevent defects from occuring. Production cards - Exact answer A Kanban card that authorizes production Pull system - Exact answer JIT system based on a pull rather than a push system. Respect for people - Exact answer An element of JIT that considers human resources as an essential part of the philosophy Setup costs - Exact answer Costs incurred when setting up production equipment Simplicity - Exact answer The simpler a solution the better it is. Single source suppliers - Exact answer Suppliers that supply an entire family of parts to a manufacturer. Small lot production - Exact answer The ability to produce small quantities of products Types of waste - Exact answer Material, energy, time and space

Capacity Planning Alternatives. Expand Small Now. - Exact answer Risk/benefit analysis indicating that high future demand forecasts having large std deviations. Indicators that competitors expanding capacity in excess of what future demand forecasts indicate. Capacity Planning Alternatives. Expand Large Now. - Exact answer Indications that competitor capacity investments not sufficient to meet foretasted future demand. Decision Tree Chance events - Exact answer These are the probabilistic chances that different environments materialize after a decision has been made. A chance node is a branch in the tree which represents a family of possible outcomes which are not under the control (or are only partly under the control) of the decision maker. Probabilities: Probabilities are assigned for each possible outcome of a chance node. Decision Tree - Decision Points - Outcomes - Exact answer Costs associated from the decisions that are made from a sequence of decision alternatives, and the resulting outcomes that happen as a result of the decision tree. Location Analysis Quality of Life - Exact answer From the perspective of the employees, will the area being considered going to have adequate or good quality of life in terms of like, entertainment prospects, climate, good schools, crime rates, etc Location Analysis - Making Location Decisions - Exact answer Step 1 - Identify Dominant Location Factors. Step 2 - Develop Location Alternatives. Step 3 - Evaluate alternative locations per location factor weighting. Center of Gravity Approach - Location Analysis - Exact answer Minimizing the distance of the heaviest loads in order to reduce transportation costs of the heaviest loads.

Transportation Method - Location Analysis - Exact answer Software designed to find optimal locations based off of many factors at once. Intermittent Operations - Process Selection - Exact answer Specialty products or services that require a lot of time and effort to produce, think a custom home. Project Process - Think Custom Homes. Batch Processes - Think College Classes. Repetitive Processes - Exact answer Standardized product and high volume. Line Processes - Think Assembly lines Continuous Processes - Think oil refineries or water purification plants. Production FlowCharts - Exact answer Squares - Stages. Triangles - Signal a decision. Process Flowcharts - Exact answer Squares = interactions with customers. Triangles = Situations customers must make decisions. Throughput - Process Performance Metrics - Exact answer Standard time it takes for a product to move through the entire system in question. Process velocity - Process Performance Metrics - Exact answer throughput/value added time value added time = time spent working on the product. Excludes time products spend between stages. Process velocity = 1 is a system that is always working on the products in ways that add value ( A perfect system, practically impossible). Productivity - Process Performance Metrics - Exact answer output/input How well is the company converting its inputs into value adding products.

Marketing. Finance. Engineering. Information Systems (IS). Infinite Loading - Scheduling - Exact answer Used to identify the resources needed to complete the proposed work load of a job Finite Loading - Scheduling - Exact answer This is used in addition to the infinite loading schedule to understand what available capacity can be utilized to cover the needs in the cases of under or over capacity demands on various resources Forward Scheduling - Scheduling - Exact answer schedule that determines the earliest possible completion date for a job. Scheduling the job to start immediately. Backward Scheduling - Scheduling - Exact answer Shows how late the job can be started and still finished on time. Monitoring workflow - Scheduling - Exact answer Provides insight to clarify any potential problems in a work center Theory of Constraints - Scheduling - Exact answer This is a focus on constraints in order to improve the effectiveness of a system. TOC procedure - ID system bottleneck exploit bottlenecks Marketing Plan - Aggregate Planning - Exact answer Identifying the sales needed to achieve profitability levels, growth rate targets, ROI that will be stated in the Strategic Business Plan. New Product demand insights - REMEMBER THIS Aggregate Plan - Aggregate Planning - Exact answer More simplified and high level 'product' that represents a family of products the company is going to produce.

This does come from the marketing plan, err well I guess the information necessary to figure out what the needed production rate comes from the marketing plan. Necessary workforce size to accomplish the production rate. Financial Plan - Aggregate Planning - Exact answer Figures out the most effective sources of funds for investment Engineering Plan - Aggregate Planning - Exact answer Research and Development - Product Design. Level Aggregate Plan - Aggregate Planning - Exact answer Small variance in labor force. Causes some inventory buildup Chase Aggregate Plan - Aggregate Planning - Exact answer Produces exactly what is needed to satisfy demand during each period. May require constant changes in workforce. Hybrid Aggregate Plan - Exact answer a planning approach that uses a combination of level and chase approaches while developing the aggregate plan. Think Assemble-to-order Demand Based Options - Aggregate Planning Options - Exact answer a group of options that respond to demand fluctuations through the use of inventory or back orders, or by shifting the demand pattern Capacity Based Options - Exact answer a group of options that allow the firm to change its current operating capacity. Overtime, Under-time, Subcontracting, Hiring and Firing. Aggregate Demand Planning Steps - Exact answer Step 1 - ID the aggregate plan that matches the company objectives. Level, Chase, Or Hybrid.