C857 Pre-Assessment Exam Questions with Complete Solutions Graded A+ 2025 Update, Exams of Nursing

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C857 Pre-Assessment Exam Questions with Complete Solutions

Graded A+ 2025 Update

1. Management has requested that the development team have a moderator review their newest module of code.Which type of review is being asked for? A. Walkthrough B. Informal C. Inspection D. End User - Correct answer C. Inspection "Walkthrough" is incorrect because code walkthroughs do not typically have a moderator. "End user" is incorrect because end users tests (also known as usability tests) do not typically have a moderator. "Informal" is not the best answer because it is too inprecise. While code walkthroughs, code inspections, and end-user tests are all informal techniques, only code inspections use a moderator."Inspection" is the right answer because it should always use a moderator during the review.See sections 3.1 and 3.2 in the WGU C857 online learning materials.
2. An informal review of a module of code has been completed. The development team has decided to evaluate the module from an end user perspective.Which method should be used to determine if the code meets quality standards? Human Black Box Inspection White Box - Correct answer Black Box "Human" is incorrect because it is too general human testing might or might not be from an end user perspective. "Inspection" is incorrect because inspection tests examine code, which is not an end user perspective. "White box" is incorrect because white box also consider code logic, which is not an end user perspective."Black box" is the best answer because it is the only choice left and also because black box testing does not consider code logic, which can be an end user perspective. Note that developers can and should try to apply an end user perspective as they develop.See section 2.2 in the WGU C857 online learning materials.
3. There is a requirement to verify the usability of a product as it is being delivered to ensure overall design and functionality without regard to the internal functioning of the code. Which quality method meets this requirement? Code inspection Black box testing White box testing Peer reviews - Correct answer Black Box Testing "Code inspection" is incorrect because that examines internal code functioning. "White box testing" is incorrect because that also examines internal code functioning. "Peer reviews" is incorrect because that also examines internal code functioning (peers are usually other

developers). "Black box testing" is the correct answer because it is the only choice that does not examine internal code functioning.See section 2.2 in the WGU C857 online learning materials.

4. QA proposes a formal group meeting where the programmer narrates, statement by statement, the logic of a program as an error detection technique. Which quality method meets this proposal? Peer review Black box testing Code inspection Grey box testing - Correct answer Code Inspection

• Peer Review: Peer reviews are not formal, they are informal.* Black box testing. Black box testing does not examine code.* Grey box testing. Grey box testing does not generally consider code (although it might consider code documentation).Correct:* Code inspection: Code inspections are formal inspections of code statements.See "Testing Fundamentals chapter 3".

5. A program's state changes from what is expected.Which practice should be applied to find the location of the defect? Backtracking Induction Deduction Error Analysis - Correct answer BackTracking

• Induction: Inductive debugging moves from details to a general problem hypothesis, but it does not find exact code locations.
• Deduction:
• Error Analysis: Correct:
• Backtracking: Backtrack debugging works backwards from the code location where the bug was first noticed to the code location where the cause of the problem was first introduced. See "Testing Consideration" learning materials sections 8.2, 8.3, 8.4.

6. A web developer or QA tester encounters an error. What is the best practice to initiate resolution of this error? Brute force debugging Deduction Reproducing the error Induction - Correct answer Reproducing the error See "Best Practices" chapter 2.
7. Which action should a developer take after receiving an email from a QA tester stating that the application under test is not working? Start to work on each issue in order to fix the application Begin a debugging process to isolate each issue

Ask to document each issue with details in a bug report Pass the email on to the lead developer to decide what to do - Correct answer Ask to document each issue with details in a bug report See "Best Practices" chapter 2.

8. An incomplete bug was identified and reported by the QA team. The bug only contained a description, an expected result, and an actual result. Which step should be taken by the developer? Retest the code to see if the error can be reproduced. Ask the QA team to provide the steps to reproduce the error. Immediately start modifying the code as the developer knows why the error occurs. Tell the QA team that the code was tested and that errors do not exist. - Correct answer Ask the QA team to provide the steps to reproduce the error. See "Best Practices" chapter 2.
9. Which action should a developer take after the review of a bug report? Rewrite the code to meet project style guide. Investigate to see if the code works as designed. Talk directly with the QA engineer. Rewrite the code to correct the error - Correct answer Talk directly with the QA engineer. See "Best Practices" chapter 2.
10. Which key process is supported when the developer continuously provides feedback to the QA team after bug reports are delivered? Tactics and tools Management support Sustaining partnership RACI matrix - Correct answer Sustaining partnership

• Tactics and tools: Feedback is more a process than a tool.* Management support: Is generally not continuous.* RACI matrix: Generally unrelated to question.Correct:* Sustaining partnership. Best answer. "continuously" implies "sustaining".See also:* C857 course page learning materials section 3.1.* http://www.ivtnetwork.com/article/forming-partnership-between-it-and-qa

11. During the implementation phase of a project, the developer realizes the need to change part of the project that has already been written and tested. Which test type should be performed after these changes are made?

Unit Integration Regression Usability - Correct answer Regression Regression tests are generally automated and designed to be run after any code change.See "Testing Fundamentals" section 2.3.

12. Given a phase in the software development process, the student identifies the testing process that belongs in that phase. Which test should be used during the system design phase? Integration Module System Acceptance - Correct answer Integration Competency 4020.3.1: Quality Best Practices
13. Which test should be used during the requirements phase? Integration Module System Acceptance - Correct answer Acceptance This question is a little tricky because capturing requirements is one of the first things a project does but an acceptance test is one of the last. However, acceptance tests specifically target and test formal project requirements.
14. Why is black box testing considered a useful test design technique? It can help reduce the costs of software development by identifying errors. It can aid in stemming test conditions based on analysis of an internal structure. It can help develop test cases based on analysis of a component of code. It can aid in deriving test data based on analysis of the requirement specifications. - Correct answer It can help reduce the costs of software development by identifying errors. The second and third answers are not right because they involve looking at code. The forth answer is not right because testing, including black box testing, is about identifying errors, not designing tests. The first answer is the best answer.
15. What is a benefit of the code inspection process? It provides feedback on the programming choice of algorithms. It offers potential for developing confidence in the code requirements. It reinforces an individual approach to problem resolution.

It promotes the development of a personal coding style. - Correct answer It provides feedback on the programming choice of algorithms. Code inspections are formal reviews involving multiple people. The second choice is not the best answer because it does code inspections are not primarily designed to validate requirements, acceptance testing and functional testing do that. The third and forth answers are not the best answer because code inspections tend to encourage uniformity of code, not individuality, whenever possible. The first answer is the best because code inspections provide early feedback on code.

16. What is a value of testing? To demonstrate the presence of debugging actions. To increase the probability of uncovered defects. To show that a previously present defect has been removed. To prove that software is defect-free. - Correct answer To increase the probability of uncovered defects. The second answer is the best answer because it is the primary purpose of testing. (See "Testing Fundamentals section 2.1").
17. The student explains how software development techniques and processes promote code quality. What is the key testing principle of designing tests? Test cases should include invalid and unexpected input conditions. Testing is conducted at the end of the development phase. Test cases should be designed to pass. System tests are a collection of developers' unit and integration tests. - Correct answer Test cases should include invalid and unexpected input conditions.
18. Which criterion should be used to decide which testing technique to use? How well you know a particular technique. The objective of the test. How appropriate the technique is for testing the application. Whether there is a tool to support the technique. - Correct answer How appropriate the technique is for testing the application. The third option is the best answer because it most closely addresses the question.
19. What is the purpose of a test completion criterion? To know when a specific test has finished its execution.

To ensure that the test case specification is complete. To set the criteria used in generating test inputs. To determine when to stop testing. - Correct answer To determine when to stop testing. See "Testing Types Section 6.6".

20. Which kind of plan should be in place to proactively face and resolve the risks of the development process? Migration Master Maintenance Mitigation - Correct answer Mitigation
21. What are the necessary parts of a test case, according to the software testing principles? A description of the correct output of the program for a set of input data. A description of data processing into information. A description of the type of testing technique used. A description of the input data into the program. - Correct answer A description of the correct output of the program for a set of input data. See "Testing Fundamentals section 2.3".
22. How does a test verify that a program meets requirements? It validates conditions that guarantee the absence of all errors. It validates input conditions that produce defined requirements. It validates that the components of the system function together. It validates a subset of the programs test cases against the requirements. - Correct answer It validates input conditions that produce defined requirements.
23. What is the definition of functional system testing? Testing that the system functions with other systems. Testing that the components that comprise the system function together Testing the end-to-end functionality of the system as a whole. Testing the system performs functions within specified response times. - Correct answer Testing the end-to-end functionality of the system as a whole.

24. Which statement describes part of a formal coding review process? The programmer narrates, statement by statement the logic of the program. When an error is found, the review team attempts to resolve the error during the process. Historically common errors are not considered in the review process. The moderator does not need to be a competent programmer. - Correct answer The programmer narrates, statement by statement the logic of the program.
25. Which action describes a realistic verification step? Compare the output of the system design with the output of the requirements phase. Compare the input to the system design phase of its input to the program design phase. Compare the results of successive verification steps. Compare system designs to determine the extent to which they fail. - Correct answer Compare the input to the system design phase of its input to the program design phase.
26. Which type of review is used to identify discrepancies from specifications or standards? Technical. Circulation. Walkthrough. Peer. - Correct answer Technical.
27. Which type of review is recommended when reviewers are geographically separated and teleconferencing is impossible? Buddy Circulation Walkthrough Inspection - Correct answer Circulation
28. Which testing approach should increase software quality? Reducing test time. Keeping the same test time for all testing phases. Increasing test time. Following well-established procedures and appropriate testing tools. - Correct answer Following well-established procedures and appropriate testing tools.
29. Which test type determines whether the program meets response and throughput requirements?

Acceptance Performance Unit System - Correct answer Performance

30. Which test type should be used to compare the program to its initial requirements? Function Acceptance Regression Comparison - Correct answer Acceptance
31. Which test should be used to ensure a module of code meets quality standards? Unit Integration Regression Usability - Correct answer Unit
32. A developer creates a test in which much of the code will be executed. Which test type does this describe? Black box White box Unit Regression - Correct answer White box
33. A developer updates some existing software.Which type of test should the developer run to ensure the core functionality of the software still works as expected? Unit System Regression User Acceptance - Correct answer Regression
34. Which test method will verify the functionality of the GUI without knowledge of the underlying code? Black box White box Usability Regression - Correct answer Black box A series of defects have recently been found by end users testing new functionality in an existing program, but were fixed by the development team. Which test types should be used to verify the current functionality is working as designed? Unit System Regression Acceptance - Correct answer Regression

36. The development team is questioned by its end users concerning the benefit of designing tests in the software development process. What is a key benefit of developing tests early in the process? It is cheaper than designing tests during the test phases. It helps prevent defects from being introduced into the code. Tests designed early are more effective than tests designed later. It saves time during the testing phases when testers are busy. - Correct answer It helps prevent defects from being introduced into the code.
37. Which testing method should be used to compare a developer's program to the program's initial requirements? System Acceptance Function Module - Correct answer Acceptance The official course materials say that "System" is the right answer, but this is a mistake in the pre-assessment (that hopefully is not in the final objective assessment). The answer should be acceptance testing (see section 6.3 in the learning materials, "acceptance testing is the process of comparing the program to its initial requirements and the current needs of its end users").
38. An end user will perform an acceptance test against an application as a final verification. Which development process step is being verified? Objectives System design Program structure design Requirements - Correct answer Requirements
39. What is the purpose of a usability test? To evaluate a product by testing it with representative users. To evaluate a product using automation test tools. To evaluate a product by trying to find as many issues as possible. To evaluate a product by comparing the functional specs to functional performance. - Correct answer To evaluate a product by testing it with representative users.
40. What describes decision/condition coverage testing? Exercise the true and false outcomes of each decision at least once. Exercise all decision outcomes only once.

Exercise the true and false outcomes of each condition at least once. Exercise all decision outcomes and each condition at least once. - Correct answer Exercise all decision outcomes and each condition at least once.

41. Which level of coding knowledge is needed to perform black box testing? Extensive. Very extensive. Limited. Very limited. - Correct answer Very limited. "Extensive" and "Very extensive" are clearly not correct because that would conflict that a black box test is. At one level both "Limited" and "Very limited" could be considered correct, but we need to pick the most correct, which is "Very limited". "Limited" could also apply to grey box testing, but not "very limited" which only fits black box, so "Very limited" is the correct best answer.
42. SonarCube Lab: This is where a virtual machine should start in a browser window, so it is not feasible to duplicate this a Google Forms quiz. But the two sub-question for this lab from the pre-assessment are: Part 1: Which block of statements is causing the for loop error? Part 2: Which statement needs to be changed to avoid a divide by zero error? Select one answer for each part. - Correct answer Correct answer Part 1: Additional Section Part 2: int totalvalues=0; Feedback For part 1 the choices correspond to comment headers in the java application (not the java test) source code. The correct part 1 answer is "Additional Section" because it is the only section with a loop. For part 2 the choices correspond to lines on code in the java application source code. "int totalvalues=0;" is the correct best answer because of the choices listed it is the only line to which a change would avoid the divide by zero error. Other better code changes exist, but they are not listed as options to the question.IMPORTANT NOTE! On the actual official assessment test make sure you click on the lab "SUBMIT" button before moving to the next question.
43. NetBeans / JUnit Lab: This is where a virtual machine should start in a browser window, so it is not feasible to duplicate this a Google Forms quiz. But the two sub-question for this lab from the pre-assessment are: Part 1: How many unit test cases are failed in this program? Part 2: What is the main issue in the java code based on the unit test case results? Select one answer for each part. - Correct answer Correct answer Part 1: 2 failed test cases Part 2: Issue in comparing array values. Feedback For part 1 the answer is 2 because this is the fail number on the top line in the report window.For part 2 make sure to open the source file (Sorting.java), not just the unit test file (WguSortingTest.java). Look in Source Packages. Both test failures are from the same source java method, sortIntegers. Looking at the java code the answer is "Issue in comparing array values" (used < instead of >) for swap test.IMPORTANT NOTE! On the actual official assessment test make sure you click on the lab "SUBMIT" button before ending the test.