CASAL 2 EXAM STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 2023, Exams of Nursing

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1. Where does the SA Node “live”? a. Inthe right atria 2. The PR interval should be how long? a. 0.12 - 0.20. 3. How to figure out the PR interval? a. Multiply how many boxes there are from the P to the R by 0.04 ; There are typically 3-4 boxes between. 4. What's the QRS complex formula aka ventricular depolarization? a. Multiply the number of boxes from the Q to R to S by 0.04. (Should be no more than 3 boxes) b. 0.06 to 0.12 is the normal range 5. The formula for cardiac output? a. HRxSV=CO 6. The RAAS system is the biggest compensatory mechanism in the body a. How so? The body will compensate and will go into a “fight or flight” response. 7. What activates the RAAS system? a. Low BP 8. Angiotensin Il is a very potent vasoconstrictor 9. What can Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) lead to? a. Blood clots, stroke, heart failure, and other heart related complications. 10. Hypertension can cause lots of issues. a. It is the lead cause of A-Fib 11. Where is ectopic foci located? a. It's located in the ventricles by the bundle of branches in the lower end. 12. Top 3 actions of Digoxin? a. Increase heart contraction( positive inotropic action)