CCHT Exam Review | 105 Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest Update, Exams of Community Corrections

Download CCHT Exam Review | 105 Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest Update and more Exams Community Corrections in PDF only on Docsity! CCHT Exam Review | 105 Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest Update 1. The functional unit of the kidney, or the structure in the kidney that does the work, is the: - ✔✔️N️ephron 2. A nephron is made up of: - ✔✔️A️ glomerulus and a tubule 3. The endocrine functions of the kidney includes: - ✔✔️M️aking erythropoietin and the active form of vitamin D 4. The leading cause of End-Stage Renal Disease for adult in the United States is: - ✔✔️D️iabetes 5. Patients with kidney failure often complain of itching, which is likely to be caused by: - ✔✔️H️yperphosphatemia 6. Why do kidney patients often have bone disease? - ✔✔️K️idneys stop producing calcitriol 7. Symptoms that a patient may need more dialysis time include: - ✔✔️A️norexia, fatigue, swelling 8. A semipermeable membrane is a porous barrier that: - ✔✔️A️llow for only certain sized particles to cross 9. Diffusion is movement of particles: - ✔✔️F️rom an area of higher concentration 10. Negative pressure is pressure created when: - ✔✔️F️luid is pulled through a restriction 11. During dialysis, ultrafiltration occurs when: - ✔✔️W️ater is removed from blood because there is a pressure gradient between blood and dialysate 12. At which point in the extracorporeal circuit is the blood usually under negative pressure? - ✔✔️T️he arterial line section before the blood pump 13. Which of the following will increase the amount of solutes that will diffuse across the semipermeable membrane? - ✔✔️H️igh concentration gradients 14. The components of the dialysate treatment that affect clearance includes: - ✔✔️D️ialysate flow, time of treatment, dialyzer size, blood flow rate 15. Two things that affect the dialyzer's ability to remove wastes from the body include: - ✔✔️S️urface area and molecular weight cutoff 16. Dialysate is the fluid that help remove waiste products from the body. It contains a number of substances. What are the substances that might be prescribed for a dialysate solution? - ✔✔️B️icarbonate, Sodium, Potassium 17. What is the most important safety monitor during a dialysis treatment - ✔✔️T️he dialysis technician 18. Dialysate conductivity measures: - ✔✔️T️he total electrical charge of a solution 19. Dialysate that has too much sodium may cause patient injury. Too much sodium or hypernatremia can cause: - ✔✔️H️eadache, high BP, and shriveling of RBCs (crenation) 20. Dialysate that has too much calcium can cause: - ✔✔️V️omiting, confusion, irritability 55. "First use syndrome" is a hypersensitivity reaction to a dialyzer. It characterized by: - ✔✔️-️Back pain 56. -Anxiety 57. -Tachycardia 58. -Wheezing 59. -Circulatory collapse 60. Dialyzer performance can be affected by reuse. The sets of potential problem that may be related to reuse are: - ✔✔️-️Reduce dialyzer performance 61. -Plugged hollow fibers 62. -Changed fiber bundle volume 63. AAMI standards recommend quality control activities before a reprocessed dialyzer is used on a patient. How many people must check the dialyzer to verify quality control information? - ✔✔️T️wo people, one of whom should be the patient 64. Which of the following is NOT a symptom of chemical reaction due to incomplete rinsing of germicide from a reprocessed dialyzer: 65. -Burning in the access site 66. -Numbness in the access arm 67. -Blurred vision 68. -Diarrhea - ✔✔️D️iarrhea 69. Dialyzer are processed before use to rinse out manufacturing residues and to: - ✔✔️E️stablish the original fiber bundle volume of the dialyzer and check for leaks 70. Two criteria for rejecting a reprocessed dialyzer - ✔✔️1️) Less than 80% of original fiber bundle volume 71. 2) aesthetic appearance 72. The AAMI (Association for the Advancement of Medial Instrumentation) - ✔✔️T️he AAMI recommends voluntary standards for dialysis water treatment 73. According to AAMI standards, bacteriologic testing for water and dislysate should take place: - ✔✔️M️onthly 74. According to AAMI standards, the total microbial count of water used to prepare dialysate shall not exceed: - ✔✔️2️00 CFU/mL 75. Stenosis is a major cause of access failure, which unless corrected, can lead to thrombosis and other complications. What are the signs of stenosis? - ✔✔️C️hanges in the thrill and bruit 76. Describe 4 types of anastomosis for an arteriovenous fistula - ✔✔️A️rtery-side to vein-side anastomosis 77. Artery-end to vein-end anastomosis 78. Artery-end to vein-side 79. Artery-side to vein-end 80. What is an infiltration? - ✔✔️A️ needle tip that punctures a vessel and goes out the other side, allowing blood to seep into the surrounding tissue 81. What is the preferred insertion site for both temporary and long term catheters? - ✔✔️I️nternal jugular vein 82. Why is artrivenous fistula preferable as the vascular access of choice whenever possible? - ✔✔️T️hey have the lowest rate of primary failure of all known accesses 83. Example of an indication of a break in the integrity of the extracorporeal circuit (ECC)? - ✔✔️A️ppreance of air or foam in any bloodline 84. During dialysis, patients should be monitored for the following complications (list all that apply): a. Separation of bloodlines or rupture of an access b. The presence of air or foam in the lines c. Bleeding around needle or catheter exit sites d. Sudden change in blood flow, or venous pressure, or line collapse - ✔✔️A️ll letters a. Separation of bloodlines or rupture of an access b. The presence of air or foam in the lines c. Bleeding around needle or catheter exit sites d. Sudden change in blood flow, or venous pressure, or line collapse 85. Poor blood flow during dialysis in patient with catheters is often due to which of the following factors? (List all that apply) a. Blood clot b. An aneurysm c. Poor placement of the catheter within the blood vessel d. A fibrin sheath that has formed around the catheter - ✔✔️a️. Blood clot 86. c. Poor placement of the catheter within the blood vessel e. A fibrin sheath that has formed around the catheter 114. Thrill: - ✔✔️V️ibration from pulse of blood in a 115. dialysis vascular access 116. What term indicates a solution that has the same concentration of solutes as blood? - ✔✔️I️sotonic 117. For patients on hemodialysis, a 1 kg (2.2 lb) increase in weight in 24 hours is approximately equivalent to fluid retention of: - ✔✔️1️.0 L 118. (1 kg = 1 L) 119. Which of the following is the most common cause of hypotension developing during hemodialysis? a. Eating/drinking during treatment b. Removing excessive volume of fluid c. Anemia d. Dialyzer reaction - ✔✔️b️. Removing excessive volume of fluid 120. When washing the hands, the hands should be wet and soap applied and then the hands rubbed together for at least - ✔✔️1️5 seconds 121. With an AV fistula, cannulation should usually be done at an angle of - ✔✔️2️5° to 35° 122. What percentage of water that is filtered out of the blood by the glomeruli is excreted as urine? - ✔✔️1️% 123. Which of the following needle sizes has the largest lumen (diameter)? a. 17 gauge b. 16 gauge c. 15 gauge d. 14 gauge - ✔✔️d️. 14 gauge 124. How frequently should patients and staff members of a dialysis center have tuberculosis skin tests? - ✔✔️O️nce a year 125. How often should colony counts and limulus amebocyte lysate tests be conducted on the water feeding the bicarbonate mixer? - ✔✔️M️onthly 126. Which of the following is an extracorporeal alarm rather than a dialysate alarm? a. Conductivity b. Temperature c. Air detector d. pH - ✔✔️c️. Air detector 127. The primary functions of the kidney tubules are: - ✔✔️r️eabsorption and secretion 128. In dialysis patients, the Kt/V typically measures the removal of ______ - ✔✔️u️rea 129. A female patient's predialysis weight is 149.6 lb (68 kg) and the prescribed target weight is 138.6 lb (63 kg). For her four-hour treatment, the priming saline amount is 240 ml and the rinse back amount is 200 ml. She is not allowed any oral fluids during her treatment. 130. The patient's hourly ultrafiltration rate should be how many mL per hour? - ✔✔️U️F rate should be 1360 mL/hour 131. 5 kg weight difference from dry weight = 5 ml 132. + 440 ml (240 ml and 200 ml saline) 133. --------------------------------------------------- 134. 5440 ml 135. 5440 ml / 4 hours = 1360 ml/hour 136. A male patient who has diabetes and receives hemodialysis treatments sometimes drinks juice when his blood sugar is low. Which of the following types of juice would be the best for this patients, since it is lowest in potassium? a. Prune juice b. Grapefruit juice c. Vegetable juice cocktail (V-8) d. Cranberry juice cocktail - ✔✔️d️. Cranberry juice cocktail 137. On a Monday morning, a female patient arrives at the hemodialysis unit 8.8 lb (4 kg) above her target weight. Near the end of her treatment, the patient complains of severe muscle cramping in her lower extremities. Which of these actions should the technician take? a. Discontinue the dialysis treatment b. Elevate the patient's legs c. Administer a bolus of normal saline per protocol d. Increase the patient's ultrafiltration rate - ✔✔️c️. Administer a bolus of normal saline per protocol