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Cell and Molecular Biology | BIOL 1401 - Molecular and Cellular Biology, Quizzes of Cellular and Molecular Biology
DNA Replication Class: BIOL 1401 - Molecular and Cellular Biology; Subject: Biological Sciences; University: California State University-East Bay; Term: Spring 2010;
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DNA REPLICATION
fundamental process occurring in all living organisms to copy their DNA. DNA replication takes place by semi-conservative method. TERM 2
Direction of DNA replication
DEFINITION 2 always 5'---->3' TERM 3
Helicase
DEFINITION 3 Enzyme that unwind the helix structure of DNA TERM 4
Single Strand Binding
Protein
DEFINITION 4 After Helicase unwinds the DNA helix, this enzyme helps to stablize the unwinded strands from forming helix again. TERM 5
Primase
DEFINITION 5 Enzyme that synthesize an RNA primer at 5' end of leading strand and at each okazaki fragments of lagging strand.
DNA Polymerase III
Using parental DNA, this enzyme synthesizes new DNA strand by covalently adding nucleotides to the 3' end of pre- existing DNA strand or at 3' end of RNA primer. TERM 7
DNA Polymerase I
DEFINITION 7 This enzyme removes RNA nucleotides of primer from newly forming DNA strands and replace them by DNA nucleotides. TERM 8
DNA
Ligase
DEFINITION 8 After DNA polymerase I works, enzyme DNA Ligase joins all those newly added DNA nucleotides with rest of the nucleotides. TERM 9
Ways for correcting DNA nucleotide error
DEFINITION 9
- Proof reading 2) Mismatch Repair 3) Excision Repair TERM 10
Nuclease
DEFINITION 10 Enzyme that cuts the DNA nucleotide during correction.
Leading Strand
strand of the DNA double helix that is oriented in a 5' to 3' manner (with respect to direction of DNA replication) and this is the strand in which DNA replication occurs continuously without any okazaki fragments. TERM 12
Lagging Strand
DEFINITION 12 strand of the DNA double helix that is oriented in a 3' to 5' manner (with respect to direction of DNA replication) and this is the strand in which DNA replication occurs dis- continuously with many okazaki fragments.