CEN EXAM 2024/2025 WITH 100% ACCURATE SOLUTIONS, Exams of Nursing

Download CEN EXAM 2024/2025 WITH 100% ACCURATE SOLUTIONS and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

CEN EXAM 2024/2025 WITH 100%

ACCURATE SOLUTIONS

Which of the following statements made by a patient would lead the nurse to conclude that the patient understands risk factors for pulmonary embolism? While on a long flight, I should get up and walk to stretch my legs every hour. Resuming my birth control pills will lower my risk of cancer and my risk of another clot. If I drink plenty of water while driving on a long trip, this shouldn't happen again. Switching from my regular cigarettes to the electronic ones can reduce my risk. - Precise Answer ✔✔While on a long flight, I should get up and walk to stretch my legs every hour. An emergency nurse is providing discharge instructions for a patient with pelvic inflammatory disease. Which statement made by the patient indicates an understanding of these instructions? Getting pregnant shouldn't be a problem once the infection goes away. I'll take the medicine for nausea when I feel sick to my stomach. I will be at increased risk for ectopic pregnancy. I will follow up with my doctor tomorrow. - Precise Answer ✔✔I will be at increased risk for ectopic pregnancy.

A 16-year-old presents with severe left upper quadrant abdominal pain after an over-the-handlebars bicycle collision. Vital signs are BP 100/ mm Hg, HR 100 beats/min, RR 30 breaths/min, T 37.0 C (98.6 F), SpO 89% without supplemental oxygen. There is bruising over the left upper quadrant of the abdomen. Auscultation reveals diminished breath sounds on the left accompanied by gurgling. Based on this history and assessment, the nurse suspects which injury? Small bowel rupture Ruptured diaphragm Flail chest Hepatic injury - Precise Answer ✔✔Ruptured diaphragm A patient presents with chest pain. The nurse performs a 12-lead electrocardiogram that reveals an abnormal Q wave. What does the nurse suspect? A current injury An old infarction An acute infarction Ischemia - Precise Answer ✔✔An old infarction A patient is brought to the ED by emergency medical services with increased aggression and making clear homicidal threats. What immediate action will the nurse expect to promote staff and patient safety? Administration of antipsychotics One-to-one observation

Place in a seclusion room Application of restraints - Precise Answer ✔✔Place in a seclusion room A 28-year-old female presents with shortness of breath, dizziness, and diaphoresis. Her vital signs are BP 118/74 mm Hg, HR 122 beats/min, RR 26 breaths/min, T 37.7 C (99.9 F), SpO2 92% without supplemental oxygen. Her health history includes fractures of the left tibia and fibula following an MVC 3 weeks ago. Surgical fixation was required. Her only current medications are an oral contraceptive and intermittent ibuprofen for pain. Assessment of the casted left leg reveals that the toes are swollen. With this information, which diagnostic testing will the nurse expect as the highest priority? Sputum cultures Chest radiograph Computed tomographic pulmonary angiography Radiograph of the left leg - Precise Answer ✔✔Computed tomographic pulmonary angiography A family of 10 presents to the ED with complaints of fever, muscle pain, and unexplained bruising ongoing for 7 days. After completing the screening, the nurse notes that the family recently traveled to Sierra Leone. What is the highest priority intervention the triage nurse needs to perform? Notify infection prevention Leave the family in the waiting room Evacuate the waiting room

Inform those waiting that Ebola has been detected - Precise Answer ✔✔Notify infection prevention A patient presents to the ED with complaints of fatigue and insomnia. Assessment findings reveal the patient is awake, alert, and oriented, has a round moon face, buffalo hump back, hirsutism and prominent striae on the trunk. Vital signs are normal. Which of the following scenarios is most consistent with this patient's presentation? A high school wrestler who admits to taking his grandfather's furosemide before a meet A patient with insulin-dependent diabetes who took insulin, without eating breakfast. A patient with severe chronic asthma who has been on prednisone for several years A patient who underwent a thyroidectomy several years ago who recently ran out of medication - Precise Answer ✔✔A patient with severe chronic asthma who has been on prednisone for several years A patient who was brought to the ED by ambulance following a motor vehicle collision, in which the driver hit a tree, has BP 92/48 mm Hg, HR 128 beats/min, RR 34 breaths/min, SpO2 91% with supplemental oxygen via a nonrebreather. He has labored breathing, cyanosis, absent breath sounds on the right, and jugular vein distension. Which of the following conditions would be suspected? Aspiration Flail chest Cardiac tamponade

Tension pneumothorax - Precise Answer ✔✔Tension pneumothorax What is the most common cause of cardiogenic shock? Sustained cardiac dysrhythmias Acute valvular dysfunction Myocardial infarction End-stage cardiomyopathy - Precise Answer ✔✔Myocardial infarction The disease most commonly associated with the catarrhal, paroxysmal and convalescent stages is best treated with classification of medications? Immune globulin Steroids Antiretroviral therapy Macrolide antibiotics - Precise Answer ✔✔Macrolide antibiotics A 28-year-old female presents to the ED with complaints of dizziness, fear of dying, and hot flashes that began 10 minutes prior to arrival. The patient is trembling and tachypneic. Which anxiety disorder is the patient exhibiting? Post-traumatic stress disorder Panic attack Acute stress disorder Generalized anxiety disorder - Precise Answer ✔✔Panic attack

A 30-year-old male presents to the emergency department with excruciating pain on the right side of his head. It has been coming and going all day. His right eye is reddened and skin is flushed. What type of headache is this patient experiencing? Tension Traumatic Cluster Migraine - Precise Answer ✔✔Cluster To make certain that chain of custody has been followed appropriately, what is the most responsible task performed by the emergency nurse? Keep the evidence at their work station until released to law enforcement Sign and date the tamper resistant tape in front of law enforcement Limit the number of people with access to the evidence Carry the evidence with them until released to law enforcement - Precise Answer ✔✔Limit the number of people with access to the evidence Which orthopedic condition is the result of elevated uric acid levels? Joint effusion Osteomyelitis Gouty arthritis Bursitis - Precise Answer ✔✔Gouty arthritis

A patient presents to the ED with sensory hallucinations and delusions. He also has disorganized speech and grossly disordered behavior. What would the nurse expect to take place in order for the patient to be properly cared for? A suicide risk assessment Administration of antipsychotics Application of restraints Medical clearance - Precise Answer ✔✔Medical clearance A patient has just been diagnosed with endocarditis. While preparing for surgery for valvular repair, which intervention will the nurse perform? Insert a urinary catheter Insert a gastric tube Begin an infusion of nitroprusside Administer antibiotics - Precise Answer ✔✔Administer antibiotics A patient has an unsteady gait, weakness, diminished sensation to the face and arms, and vision changes. These findings are most likely associated with neurological condition? Myasthenia gravis Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Multiple sclerosis Parkinson's disease - Precise Answer ✔✔Multiple sclerosis

The emergency nurse knows that a patient who has experienced a severe electrical injury is at risk for which of the following? Arrhythmias Carboxyhemoglobinemia Tissue liquefaction Hypocalcemia - Precise Answer ✔✔Arrhythmias Which heart block is associated with a lengthening PR interval until a QRS complex is dropped? First degree Second degree type II Third degree Second degree type I - Precise Answer ✔✔Second degree type I Which of the following interventions would be appropriate for a patient who has been diagnosed with renal calculi? Apply ice to the flank area Immediate surgical intervention Administer antiemetics NPO status - Precise Answer ✔✔Administer antiemetics A 67-year-old male presents with sudden-onset, sharp, stabbing pain in his chest, flank, and back. He states he's taken ibuprofen and sublingual nitroglycerin prescribed for his angina. There has been no relief. Assessment reveals he is slurring his words, there is a facial droop, and

his grip strength is weaker on the right. Vital signs are BP 108/86 mm Hg, HR 96 beats/min, RR 18 breaths/min, T 37.0 C (98.6 F), SpO2 91% without supplemental oxygen. What assessment can the nurse do to further determine the cause of these signs and symptoms? Take a blood pressure on the other arm Send blood to the laboratory for toxicology Perform an assessment for stroke Send blood to the laboratory for cardiac enzymes - Precise Answer ✔✔Take a blood pressure on the other arm A patient has just been diagnosed with diabetes insipidus. Which medication will the nurse expect to give? Hypertonic saline Methylprednisolone Vasopressin Furosemide - Precise Answer ✔✔Vasopressin A 56-year-old female presents with vague complaints of fatigue and bloating. Assessment reveals pitting edema of hands and feet, abdominal distention, and prominent neck veins. What condition is described by these clinical manifestations? Myocardial infarction Aortic dissection Right-sided heart failure Left-sided heart failure - Precise Answer ✔✔Right-sided heart failure

An emergency nurse is interviewing fellow staff nurses in order to understand how the emotional states of fatigued nurses impact outcomes of patients with behavioral health disorders. What type of research study is the nurse conducting? Quantitative study Cohort study Randomized controlled trials Qualitative study - Precise Answer ✔✔Qualitative study Which complication is associated with orbital wall fractures? Trismus Development of mastoiditis Ocular entrapment Inability to protect one's own airway - Precise Answer ✔✔Ocular entrapment What intervention is used to manage seasonal affective disorder? Increasing caffeine intake Vitamin D supplements Moving to a warmer climate Use tanning beds - Precise Answer ✔✔Vitamin D supplements Which of the following would be indicative of Alzheimer's disease?

Gradual onset of memory loss and aphasia Sudden onset of disorganized speech and disorientation Acute onset of dysarthria and ataxia Chronic symptoms of sadness, slow speech, and flat affect - Precise Answer ✔✔Gradual onset of memory loss and aphasia What is the best way to promote a successful family presence practice? Ensure that social services leads the practice Allow immediate family to be present Have administrative support Make it a facility requirement - Precise Answer ✔✔Have administrative support A patient arrives unresponsive. Cardiopulmonary monitoring indicates a ventricular tachycardia. He has no pulse. What will the nurse anticipate as the next intervention? Synchronized cardioversion Administer epinephrine intravenously Administer atropine intravenously Defibrillation - Precise Answer ✔✔Defibrillation What is a late sign of intussusception? Colicky pain Ribbon-like stools

Left lower quadrant tenderness Currant jelly-like stools - Precise Answer ✔✔Currant jelly-like stools A patient presents with a sudden onset of shortness of breath, cough, and mild chest pain. Past medical history includes heart failure and recent treatment for pneumonia. Considering the patient's history, the nurse anticipates a workup for which respiratory problem? Chronic bronchitis Pleural effusion Pulmonary embolism Pulmonary contusion - Precise Answer ✔✔Pleural effusion A patient presents to the emergency department with right-sided facial drooping, right arm weakness and slurred speech. Which of the following assessments indicates exclusion criteria for receiving tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)? Blood glucose of 180 mg/dL BP 190/110 mm Hg NIH stroke scale of 6 Headache - Precise Answer ✔✔BP 190/110 mm Hg A 16-year-old male is brought to the ED by his coach. The patient was playing football in moderately cold weather one hour prior to arrival and felt severe pain in the left groin area. This is suggestive of which genitourinary emergency? Paraphimosis

Testicular torsion Priapism Acute epididymitis - Precise Answer ✔✔Testicular torsion A 3-year-old boy is brought to the ED by his mother, who noticed bruises on the boy's left thigh, back, and feet developing over the last week. Past medical history includes a mild respiratory virus a month ago. The assessment reveals, he is awake and alert, with some bleeding noted around the gums. Initial laboratory values include a low platelet count with a normal white blood cell count. Hemoglobin and hematocrit are slightly low. Which disorder does the nurse suspect is the cause of his signs and symptoms? Leukemia Thrombocytosis Disseminated intravascular coagulopathy Idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura - Precise Answer ✔✔Idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura A 50-year-old male arrives at the emergency department via ambulance after sustaining a knife wound to the right side of his back. He has loss of movement on the right side and loss of sensation on the left side of his body. The nurse suspects that this is which type of spinal cord injury? Brown-Séquard syndrome Anterior cord syndrome Posterior cord syndrome Central cord syndrome - Precise Answer ✔✔Brown-Séquard syndrome

Each week a community hospital emergency department employs key performance indicators (KPI) to identify opportunities to enhance customer and staff satisfaction. This type of activity is a component of what? Symptom surveillance Patient confidentiality Quality improvement Risk management - Precise Answer ✔✔Quality improvement A 74-year-old presents to the ED with a history of chronic bronchitis and complaints of dyspnea and shortness of breath. He is cyanotic and the nurse applies oxygen. Which of the following assessment findings will be most concerning to the nurse? A respiratory rate of 10 breaths/min An elevated hemoglobin Generalized edema Productive cough - Precise Answer ✔✔A respiratory rate of 10 breaths/min A patient presents to the emergency department complaining of flu-like symptoms, malaise, and fever for three days after being bitten by a bat. The emergency nurse suspects which condition? Tularemia West Nile virus Rabies

Rocky Mountain spotted fever - Precise Answer ✔✔Rabies An older adult patient arrives in the emergency department after she fell on her bathroom floor and was unable to get up. Knowing the patient was on the floor for a prolonged period of time, what clinical manifestation will the emergency nurse assess for? Blood in the urine Dysuria Dark brown urine Anuria - Precise Answer ✔✔Dark brown urine A patient presents with ear pain, nausea, vomiting, vertigo, and tinnitus. The provider writes prescriptions for antibiotics, corticosteroids, and antiemetics. Which condition does this describe? Labyrinthitis Ruptured tympanic membrane Ménière disease Otitis media - Precise Answer ✔✔Labyrinthitis An adult patient complains of a papular, scaly, itchy rash that is most prominent in the webbing of the fingers, groin, and axilla. Permethrin cream has been prescribed. How will the nurse instruct the patient to apply the cream? To affected areas once per day for three days From head-to-toe if the rash persists beyond a week

From head-to-toe, with a second application one week later To affected areas as needed for itching - Precise Answer ✔✔From head-to-toe, with a second application one week later A patient arrives in the emergency department with severe, sudden-onset chest pain. He states he used cocaine earlier that day and is taking a beta blocker for hypertension. Which abnormal assessment finding will the nurse expect? Metabolic alkalosis Hypoglycemia BP 196/110 mm Hg HR 48 beats/min - Precise Answer ✔✔BP 196/110 mm Hg A mother brings her 3-week-old infant to the ED and states that the child "throws up after eating and is immediately hungry again." This has been going on for over one week. The child is listless, with a capillary refill of greater than 2 seconds. Laboratory results reveal hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis. Which intervention is the nurse's priority? Oral replacement therapy Prepare for a barium enema Isotonic crystalloid fluid bolus An antiemetic - Precise Answer ✔✔Isotonic crystalloid fluid bolus When treating acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which of the following interventions will the nurse expect to help maintain open alveoli?

Positive end-expiratory pressure with ventilation High tidal volumes with ventilation Aggressive fluid resuscitation Prophylactic antibiotic administration - Precise Answer ✔✔Positive end-expiratory pressure with ventilation A patient presents to the ED following an incident with an acid splash to the eye. He reports severe pain, is unable to open the eye, and there is constant tearing. What is the nurse's first priority? Patch the affected eye Irrigation Visual acuity testing Test the eye for pH - Precise Answer ✔✔Irrigation A 22-year-old patient presents with upper respiratory symptoms, nausea and vomiting and a low-grade fever. She has a history of leukemia and underwent chemotherapy 2 weeks ago. What is the nurse's priority? Protective isolation Ondansetron oral dissolving tablet Intravenous fluid bolus Morphine intravenous - Precise Answer ✔✔Protective isolation A patient presents to the ED with a chief complaint of "It feels like I have something in my eye, but I can't see it." What eye injury is this most likely to represent?

Corneal ulcer Keratitis Hyphema Corneal abrasion - Precise Answer ✔✔Corneal abrasion In compensated shock, what physiological response increases serum sodium? Sympathetic nervous system (SNS) response Intracellular fluid shift Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) Altered capillary permeability - Precise Answer ✔✔Renin-angiotensin- aldosterone system (RAAS) A patient describes symptoms of recent onset of eye pain and denies any traumatic injury. He is seeing haloes around lights and is experiencing nausea, vomiting, and headaches. The nurse's assessment reveals loss of peripheral vision and redness of the affected eye. Which condition does this set of clinical manifestations describe? Acute angle glaucoma Keratitis Corneal ulcer Retinal detachment - Precise Answer ✔✔Acute angle glaucoma Which of the following clinical presentations is most consistent with a patient who has pancreatitis?

Pain with palpation of the right subcostal area during inspiration Diffuse cramping abdominal pain Epigastric pain that radiates to the back Dull, constant umbilical pain - Precise Answer ✔✔Epigastric pain that radiates to the back Administration of activated charcoal is indicated for which of the following overdoses? Hydrofluoric acid Carbamazepine Ferrous sulfate Lithium - Precise Answer ✔✔Carbamazepine Which one of the following is an appropriate intervention for acute lithium toxicity? IV fluids with hypertonic solution Urine alkalinization Hemodialysis Give activated charcoal - Precise Answer ✔✔Hemodialysis The level of alertness and attention displayed by a patient with a diffuse axonal injury is determined by which segment of the neurological system? Reticular activating system Brainstem

Frontal lobe Limbic system - Precise Answer ✔✔Reticular activating system What is the first intervention that is appropriate for the nurse to perform once a neonate has been delivered? Thoroughly dry the neonate Suction the mouth and nose Measure APGAR score Clamp the umbilical cord - Precise Answer ✔✔Thoroughly dry the neonate The nurse is giving discharge instructions to a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - emphysema. Which response indicates the patient understands the instructions? I need to limit my fluids to prevent fluid overload. I need to sleep with my feet elevated to prevent swelling. I need to get the pneumococcal vaccine. I need to avoid snacking between meals. - Precise Answer ✔✔I need to get the pneumococcal vaccine. A patient, who has suffered deep, full-thickness (third degree) thermal burns to the circumferential chest and abdomen, as well as burns of varying depth to the upper extremities, has been transferred to your emergency department from a small, rural community hospital. Ventilating the intubated patient via bag-mask device is becoming

increasingly difficult and chest rise with ventilation is poor. The emergency nurse anticipates which procedure? Tracheostomy Cricothyroidotomy Escharotomy Fasciotomy - Precise Answer ✔✔Escharotomy A patient presents to the ED with disorientation to time, place and person, memory impairment, and personality changes for the past 6 days. This patient is most likely exhibiting which psychosocial emergency? Dementia Schizophrenia Depression Delirium - Precise Answer ✔✔Delirium A patient arrives with complaints of shortness of breath and a history of asthma. The assessment reveals mild tachypnea, biphasic (expiratory and inspiratory) wheezing, and use of accessory muscles. Peak expiratory flow is 48% of personal best. What is the severity of this asthma exacerbation? Severe Moderate Slight Mild - Precise Answer ✔✔Moderate

A hazard vulnerability analysis (HVA) was completed for a rural area ED. One finding was that the electrical system was antiquated and could not handle power outages with generator back-up. The director of emergency preparedness acknowledged this issue and initiated a plan to ensure that the electrical system received the necessary upgrades. What phase of disaster preparedness is this related to? Mitigation Preparedness Response Recovery - Precise Answer ✔✔Mitigation A patient presents to the ED with complaints of right arm weakness, and difficulty speaking. The symptoms started about 40 minutes ago and are now improving. She said this happened yesterday too, but went away. What is she experiencing? Hemorrhagic stroke Ischemic stroke Bell's palsy Transient ischemic attacks - Precise Answer ✔✔Transient ischemic attacks A 37-year-old female walks into the ED holding her abdomen. She is writhing in pain. Her history includes vaginal bleeding for the past 6 days. She soaked 5 sanitary pads in 2 hours. What is the most likely cause of the heavy bleeding? Uterine fibroids

Mittelschmerz Pelvic inflammatory disease Bartholin cyst - Precise Answer ✔✔Uterine fibroids Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is characterized by which clinical manifestations? Ataxia, mental confusion, and ophthalmoplegia Delirium tremens, hyperthermia, and disorientation Tachycardia, tremors, and tachypnea Hypothermia, muscle rigidity, and bradycardia - Precise Answer ✔✔Ataxia, mental confusion, and ophthalmoplegia A 35-year-old man presents with complaints of stomach pain that comes and goes for the past two weeks. The nurse asks additional questions about the nature of this pain and finds that it is relieved with antacids and he feels better after eating. The patient mentions that he had some similar pain about two years ago, but it stopped after about a month and he never sought care for it. This is most likely which type of gastrointestinal disorder? Cholecystitis Pancreatitis Duodenal ulcer Stress ulcer - Precise Answer ✔✔Duodenal ulcer Which immunoglobulin is responsible for Type 1 allergic responses?

IgA IgE IgG IgM - Precise Answer ✔✔IgE A middle-aged male patient presents to the ED with complaint of fever. He is awake, alert, and in no acute distress. On arrival, vital signs are BP 118/58 mm Hg, HR 112 beats/min, RR 20 breaths/min, SpO2 95%, T 38.8 C (101.9 F). His medical history includes human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and he is taking antiviral medications. Using a 5-level triage system, this patient would be triaged as which acuity level? Acuity Level 4 (non-urgent) Acuity Level 2 (emergent) Acuity Level 1 (life-threatening situation) Acuity Level 3 (urgent) - Precise Answer ✔✔Acuity Level 2 (emergent) An 84-year-old male with a decreased level of consciousness presents to the emergency department from a nursing home. The patient has a history of hypertension, gout, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. He is allergic to penicillin. Current medications include docusate, albuterol inhaler, colchicine, and metoprolol. Vital signs on arrival are BP 78/48 mm Hg, HR 60 beats/min, RR 28 breaths/min, T 35.3 C (95.6 F), and SpO2 92% without supplemental oxygen. Which type of shock do these clinical manifestations represent? Obstructive

Septic Anaphylactic Hypovolemic - Precise Answer ✔✔Septic A 56-year-old female presents to the emergency department with complaints of abdominal pain for 5 days. The patient was involved in a motor vehicle crash, but did not feel that she needed to come to the emergency department. Upon examination, the patient has no active bowel sounds and the abdomen is rigid. The patient has which gastrointestinal emergency? Peritonitis Diverticulitis Intestinal obstruction Esophageal obstruction - Precise Answer ✔✔Peritonitis A patient, who was successfully defibrillated, now has an irregular rhythm at 86 beats/min. The patient remains unresponsive, with absent central pulses. These findings are associated with which condition? Ruptured aortic aneurysm Pulseless electrical activity Pericardial tamponade Coarse ventricular fibrillation - Precise Answer ✔✔Pulseless electrical activity An adolescent playing basketball felt a pop in her heel after a jump shot, and a sharp pain in her heel as she landed. She is unable to stand on the