Certified Nursing Assistant Final Exam Study Guide: 2024/2025 - Prof. Smith, Exams of Nursing

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CERTIFIED NURSING ASSISTANT

2024/2025 FINAL EXAM WITH REAL

STUDY QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED BEST

SOLUTIONS/A GRADE, DOWNLOAD

Which type of health care organization / agency provides care for people who are dying and their families? - ANSWER Hospice A nursing assistant has begun working at a large long-term care facility that has many residents. The nursing assistance should expect the largest proportion of residents will be living with which health problem? - ANSWER Dementia Who most likely has dementia? - ANSWER Mrs.Ryan needs to be introduced to her daughter every time her daughter comes to visit her. Which are the two most common types of dementia? - ANSWER Alzheimer's and vascular dementia Mr. Trimble, one of the residents, has just told the nursing assistant that he is Secretary of Defense. How should the nursing assistant respond? - ANSWER Mr.Trimble, let's go sit

over here and you can tell me about what it was like to serve in the Army during World War II. Throughout the grieving process, what is the one thing that usually persists? - ANSWER Hope. A no-code or do not resuscitate (DNR) order written on residents chart alerts all caregivers that: - ANSWER The usual efforts to save the residents life will not be made. A dying person has the right to: - ANSWER Dies with peace and dignity. A nursing assistant can help meet dying person's emotional needs by: - ANSWER Being a good listener. The nursing assistant is caring for a resident who has dementia. Which best describes this person's health problems? - ANSWER Degenerative brain disease leading to a significant loss of mental capabilities. A resident of a nursing home has a diagnosis of dementia, and in recent weeks has become unable to walk or sit independently. This resident is likely at which stage of dementia? - ANSWER Late An advanced directive refers to: - ANSWER A document noting a person's wishes regarding life sustaining treatments.

The nursing assistance is providing care to a dying resident and his family. To support the family, the nursing assistant: - ANSWER Ensures that the family member's basic needs are met. Mrs. Fisher has expressed frustration at frequently forgetting the nursing assistant's name. How should the nursing assistance respond to this? - ANSWER "That's okay Mrs.Fisher. We all forget sometimes, my name is Karen" A person with dementia may show which of the following behaviors? - ANSWER pacing and wandering, hallucinations, agitation What is sun downing? - ANSWER Increased confusion, restlessness and insecurity that occur late in the day. As death approaches, what is the last sense to be lost? - ANSWER Hearing Mrs. Romanelli has had a stroke and has difficulty forming words. What term is used to describe her difficulty with language? - ANSWER aphasia Which of the following qualities does NOT reflect a strong work ethic? - ANSWER Competitiveness

Mr. Rodriguez speaks spanish. You are assigned his admission to the unit. Which of the following is true about his Residents Rights under OBRA - ANSWER His Residents Rights must be presented to him in a language he understands. Which is an example of negative body language? - ANSWER Crossing your arms across your chest In a health care setting, who is always the focus of the health team's efforts? - ANSWER The patient or resident Which of the following is NOT an acceptable reason to refuse to perform a delegated task? - ANSWER You do not enjoy the task A nursing assistant is imagining what it would feel like to be in a resident's situation. Which quality is the nursing assistant demonstrating? - ANSWER Empathy Which action is important when leaving a job? - ANSWER Give a written 2 week notice of resignation with a positive attitude Which provides guidelines protecting the rights of residents in long term care facilities? - ANSWER Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) The nursing assistant is excited to start her new career at an assisted living facility. The nursing assistant is prepared to

care for individuals who meet which criteria? - ANSWER Are able to provide most of their care independently. The nursing assistant provides care to individuals who are unable to care for themselves at home, but does not need an acute care setting. This nursing assistant would most likely care for individuals at which facility? - ANSWER Long term care The family of anew resident is questioning eligibility for Medicaid assistance. Which factor would the nursing assistant point out is most important to determine the eligibility? - ANSWER Income The nursing assistant instructor has completed a class exploring humanistic approach to health care. The instructor determines the class is successful when the students correctly choose which characteristic as most important. - ANSWER The individuality of the client is recognized and prioritized. The nursing assistant at a care facility has answered the telephone and a resident's health care provider has asked that the resident be given a pain pill. What action should the nursing assistant prioritize at this time? - ANSWER Put the health care provider on hold and find a nurse who can receive the order Nursing assistant students are preparing a poster illustrating the history of nursing.What information should

they prioritize when presenting Florence Nightingale? - ANSWER British nurse who is credited with creating todays nursing professions A nurse has asked a nursing assistant to remove a patient's urinary catheter. Which is MOST important question the nursing assistant should ask himself before undertaking this task? - ANSWER "Have I been trained and certified to perform this task" The nursing assistant is relocated to a different city and is seeking new employment. Which information about this nursing assistant withal the new employer discover on the Registry? - ANSWER Full name, home address, any reported incidents of abuse or neglect The nursing assistant is preparing a resume to apply for a new job. Which information should they OMIT from the resume> - ANSWER Marital status The nursing assistant has enjoyed a new career and works hard to help residents. Which action should the nursing assistant prioritize to maintain physical health? - ANSWER Exercising on a regular basis The nursing supervisor witnesses a nursing assistant failing to show sensitivity when providing care to a resident. Which action should the supervisor investigate further? - ANSWER Calling the elderly resident Grandma

Because a nursing assistant failed to change a person's position frequently, the client developed pressure ulcers. What violation of criminal law has the nursing assistant committed? - ANSWER Neglect Which statement is a subjective observation? - ANSWER Mary is complaining her stomach hurts Some family members are concerned a relative is being abused at a long term care facility. Which signs are causing concern and suspicion of potential abuse? - ANSWER Poor personal hygiene, weight loss, unexplained bruises, and chafing The nursing assistant is recording care provided to a client. Which noted can the nursing assistant point out as objective data? - ANSWER Had a loose bowel movement that is black in color Which question best demonstrates and open ended question? - ANSWER "Mr.Jones, when you were growing up what were your favorite food was" Which approach to health care focuses on the physical and emotional care of a person, not just their physical condition or disease? - ANSWER Holistic The main goal of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) of 1987 is to : - ANSWER Improve conditions for people in long term care facilities

Who or what do the Occupational Safety and Health Administrating (OSHA) standards protect? - ANSWER Health care professionals from on the job injuries The shy nursing assistant is learning how to communicate effectively with clients. Which action should she prioritize? - ANSWER Listen carefully and speak clearly While assisting a resident to a commode, the assistant notices the resident is wheezing and their breathing is faster than usual. Which action should the assistant prioritize? - ANSWER Report this observation to the nurse Which type of health care agent/ organization provides care for people who are dying and their families? - ANSWER Hospice Why is it important to ensure that your patients or residents are in good body alignment every time you reposition them?

• ANSWER Good body alignment is most comfortable for the patient or resident Good body alignment helps prevent complications, such as pressure ulcers and contractures Good body alignment helps the person to breath easier and improves blood flow to tissues.

What technique would you use to reposition Rosemary, a 15- year-old patient, who has jut had spinal surgery? - ANSWER Logrolling Which of the following are areas that are considered pressure points? - ANSWER The heels, ankles, toes,elbows, shoulder blades, and the spine. Why is it important to prevent pressure ulcers from forming? - ANSWER Pressure ulcers are difficult to treat and can lead to a person's death. What is the underlying cause of ALL pressure ulcers? - ANSWER Continuous pressure applied to one area. Which of the following factors can increase a person's risk of getting a pressure ulcer? - ANSWER Advanced age Incontinence Poor nutrition Mr.Underwood has developed a white, shiny area on his left hip about the size of a quarter. Yesterday, this same area was red and hot to the touch. If you were Mr.Underwood's nursing assistant, what would be your biggest concern? - ANSWER Thar Mr. Underwood has a stage 1 pressure ulcer. You are caring for Mrs. Kling, a 93-year-old grandmother who has limited mobility following a stroke. What should you do to minimize Mrs. Kling's chances of developing a

pressure ulcer? - ANSWER Dry Mrs.Kling's skin thoroughly after each bath Re position Mrs. Kling regularly, according to the nursing care plan. Encourage Mrs. Kling to eat well. Which one of the following is an example of an intentional wound? - ANSWER A surgical incision. An assessment tool that is useful in helping to predict a patient's or resident's risk for developing pressure ulcers is the: - ANSWER Braden Scale Shingles is a skin disorder caused by the virus that is responsible for causing: - ANSWER Chicken pox When a muscle atrophies, it: - ANSWER Becomes thinner and weaker Which musculoskeletal disorder causes severe joint deformities and often affects younger people? - ANSWER Rheumatoid arthritis What is the term for a fracture where the broken ends of the bone do not penetrate the skin? - ANSWER Closed fracture Excessive loss of bone tissue is: - ANSWER Osteoporosis What does the skeletal system do? - ANSWER It acts as a storage site for calcium

It works with the muscles to produce movement It produces blood cells Ms. Vaughn broke her leg while skiing. Surgery is required to align the broken bone, and then the bone fragments are held together with metal plates and screws. What is the name of the procedure Ms. Vaughn has had? - ANSWER Open reduction, internal fixation What does the muscular system do? - ANSWER It produces heat It helps to maintain posture It works with bones to produce movement Mr. Owen has a severe osteoarthritis in his hips. You are caring for Mr. Owen following his hip replacement surgery. What do you need to remember? - ANSWER Mr. Owen should use an abduction pillow to keep his legs spread apart when he is in a supine or lateral position. Ms. Curtis has just had a cast put on her leg following a horseback riding accident. What should you remember when you are helping Ms. Curtis? - ANSWER You should check Ms. Curtis toes frequently to make sure that the cast is not too tight. Mr. Jefferson has poorly controlled diabetes. He injured his toe resulting in a severe infection. Now his toes are completely black as a result of gangrene. What is the most

likely treatment for Mr. Jefferson's toe? - ANSWER Amputation of the toe A resident has weakness on his left side and his left wrist requires stabilization. What assistive will best meet this resident's needs? - ANSWER Splint or brace What is a major focus of physical rehabilitation? - ANSWER To prevent complication that can result from loss of function The process that helps a person with a disability t return her highest level of physical function and emotional well-being is called: - ANSWER Rehabilitation Which one of the following is a nursing assistant's responsibility that is related to the rehabilitation and restorative care effort - ANSWER Encouraging the resident to use a trapeze to reposition herself in bed, if this is part of the resident's care plan. someone who is frail is - ANSWER feeble or weak A person who is having difficulty with balance when walking can benefit from which of the following? - ANSWER Physical rehabilitation Mr. Dirkens has a history of stroke. He sometimes has difficulty keeping food in his mouth when chewing because he cannot close his lips all the way on the right side of his

face. Which of the following might be of benefit to Mr. Dirkens? - ANSWER Speech-language pathology Mrs. Jenkins always liked to play cards. She is frustrated now because she is having difficulty holding her hand of cards. Which of the following statements is true? - ANSWER Occupational therapy could help Mrs. Jenkins regain her ability to play cards. The rehabilitation process starts as son as: - ANSWER The person is medically stable. The second phase of rehabilitation process is called the: - ANSWER Subacute phase Devices used to stabilize a weak joint or limb, such as splints and braces, are known as: - ANSWER Supportive devices The main goal of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) of 1987 is to: - ANSWER Improve conditions for people in long-term care facilities The nursing assistance's role in the reimbursement process for care given to a person could include which action? - ANSWER Documenting the care provided to the person. The nursing assistant is assigned to patients who are experiencing the following health problems. The patient who has an acute condition is the one who has: - ANSWER Pneumonia

Which is a basic human need? - ANSWER Feeling safe The nursing assistant recognizes culture as: - ANSWER The beliefs, values, and traditions customary to a group of people. What act set standards of care in nursing homes and required the residents' physical, emotional, spiritual, and social needs to be address? - ANSWER Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) The resident in extended care facility recently had hip surgery and uses a walker for mobility. To increase his independence, the nursing assistant: - ANSWER Obtains an elevated seat for the commode. The nursing assistant is providing a bed bath for a patient who is immobilized due to recent surgery and a decreased level of consciousness. The last part of the patient's body that the nursing assistant should wash is the patients: - ANSWER perineum It is important for the nursing assistant to be familiar with the special diets provided by the health care facility because it: - ANSWER Recognizes that an error has been made if the wrong foods are sent for the resident. nutritional supplements often take the form of: - ANSWER A flavored shake or drink.

The resident has loss the use of one hand as the result of a stroke. The eating utensil most appropriate for helping her to eat independently is a: - ANSWER Plate with a raised rim A resident in the facility has dementia: The action the nursing assistant takes to help him eat is: - ANSWER Gently reminding him to chew and to swallow The tube that is appropriate for short-term enteral nutrition is a: - ANSWER Nasointestinal tube or nasogastric tube A healthy adult needs to drink each day: - ANSWER 48- 96 ounces In healthy care facilities, fluids are measured and recorded as: - ANSWER militers Dehydration may occur when - ANSWER There is too little fluid in the tissues of the body. The patient has an order for NPO which means: - ANSWER she cannot eat or drink anything The patient drank 8 ounces of juice, 4 ounces of broth and 6 ounces of Jell-O. How much fluid will you document on you I&O flow sheet: - ANSWER 540ml The patient has just had a hip surgery and cannot get out of bed. The piece of equipment the nursing assistant should use

to help the patient with elimination is a : - ANSWER Fracture pan The most significant difference between a urine specimen for routine urinalysis and a midstream urine specimen is: - ANSWER Collection of midstream urine is in a sterile container, but collecting for routine urinalysis is in a clean container. The patient has a Foley catheter, and his urine drainage bad needs to be emptied. To empty the drainage bags the nursing assistant: - ANSWER Unclamps the emptying spout on the urine drainage bag and allows all of the urine to drain into a graduate that has been placed on a paper towel on the floor underneath the urine drainage bag. Which increases an older persons risk for chocking? - ANSWER Poorly fitting dentures Approximately how much urine do the kidneys excrete each day? - ANSWER 1-1.5 liters A nursing assistant who provides care in a long-term care facility is aware of frequent occurrences of urinary tract infections among the elderly residents. Which nursing assistant action has the potential to prevent some urinary tract infections? - ANSWER Encouraging the resident to drink plenty of fluids.

What is the purpose of putting a person on NPO status before surgery? - ANSWER The prevent vomiting and aspiration The patient is extremely thin and weak as a result of a serious illness. She is unable to get up from bed or even manage her basic daily activities by herself. Since she needs to be fed her afternoon meal the nursing assistant places the patient in a: - ANSWER High- Fowlers position When providing catheter care, the catheter tubing is cleaned starting at the body and moving outward. The nursing assistant cleans how many inches of the catheter tubing? - ANSWER 4 inches Which of the following people may be admitted to a nursing home (long-term care facility)? - ANSWER Person suffering from the lingering effects of a stroke Most residents of nursing homes need help with routine tasks of daily life called: - ANSWER Activities of daily living. A younger resident wants to stay up later at night to watch his favorite TV show on Tuesday, and therefore get up later on Wednesday morning. You: - ANSWER Accommodate his wishes Regulations that state that a residents uni in a longer-term care facility must be clean, safe, orderly and free from

obstacles in the pathway. - ANSWER Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) Ordor control in the patient or resident environment is achieved by: - ANSWER Promptly removing and cleaning dirty emesis basins, urinals, bedpans, briefs & linen A patient tells the nursing assistant that she is leaving the health care facility without her doctor's knowledge. The next action of the nursing assistant is to: - ANSWER Report this to the nurse immediately. The transfer most likely to cause the highest level of stress and anxiety for the patient or resident is a person being transferred from: - ANSWER A sub-acute medical unit to a new long term care facility. Making an occupied bed includes - ANSWER Changing the linens while the person is still in the bed. Clean, dry, wrinkle free linens help to prevent - ANSWER complications such as pressure ulcers and odors Which increases an older person's risk of constipation? - ANSWER Immobility and slowed movement of food through the digestive tract. Normal changes in the digestive system related to age are: - ANSWER Less efficient chewing, less efficient digestion, and increased risk of constipation.

Where does the process of digestion begin? - ANSWER In the mouth. How can the nursing assistant minimize noise in the resident's environment: - ANSWER Encourage patents or residents to use headsets or earphones when watching TV, answer telephones promptly, be aware of the volume of your voice. A resident's room i a long term care facility is considered his home: - ANSWER Always The nursing assistant has accidentally brought three flat sheets into the room, instead of two. Regarding the extra flat sheet, the nursing assistant: - ANSWER places it in the soiled hamper In an older person, the movement of food through the digestive tract may be slower, putting them at risk for: - ANSWER constipation The call light control must be within a person's reach: - ANSWER Always The official release of a patient or resident from a health care facility to his/her home - ANSWER Discharge What are the privacy curtains used for: - ANSWER Protect a person's modesty when providing care.

A resident or patient unable to care for themselves independently, would most likely be where? - ANSWER Long-term care facility Why should you perform hand hygiene before collecting clean linens? - ANSWER Prevent the transfer of microbes What is constipation? - ANSWER Condition when the feces remain in the intestines too long, causing dry, hard feces. You are working in a long term care facility. While moving around, you feel warm, but your resident is quite comfortable. What would you do under these circumstances? - ANSWER Plan for warmer temperatures and dress accordingly. What does AMA stand for? - ANSWER Against Medical Advice The top sheet used to make a patient or resident's bed should be: - ANSWER Flat What is a bed craddle? - ANSWER A metal frame to prevent the top linens from touching the person's feet. As HIV takes over your body, the infected person begins to have more and more health problems. - ANSWER True

Sharing of needles among people who abuse intravenous drugs is the most common method of HIV transmission among heterosexual people. - ANSWER False Because persons who are HIV-positive or who have AIDS are at risk for discrimination, many states have laws designed specifically to protect their rights. - ANSWER True Even with the proper and consistent use of standard precautions, your risk of getting HIV from an AIDS patient is quite high. - ANSWER False Many times, the only human touch a person with HIV or AIDS will experience will come from the person providing the care with the health care setting. - ANSWER True Currently, no medication can kill HIV and completely kill (blank) - ANSWER AIDS kaposi's sarcoma is an AIDS-related malignancy that affects the mucous membranes and (blank) of a person with AIDS - ANSWER Skin As the disease advances, most people with AIDS eventually require the service of (blank) agencies, which specialize in end-of-life care. - ANSWER Hospicis Clinical depression and the consequently increased risk for (blank) are very common among people who are HIV- positive or who have AIDS - ANSWER Suicide

The body system that is directly attacked by HIV is the (blank) system - ANSWER immune The greatest occupational risk to health care workers is syphilis - ANSWER False HIV particles can live for up to 24 hours on a dry surface - ANSWER False It is the employee's responsibility to report any exposure incidents to his or her employer, who will arrange for medical tests and treatment. - ANSWER True Vaccines are available for measles, chickenpox, and tuberculosis. - ANSWER False All precautions for preventing transmission of tuberculosis (TB) do not need to be implemented until it is known for certain the patient or resident is infected - ANSWER False It is recommended that all health care workers who have potential for being exposed to blood or contaminated body fluids receive the (blank) vaccination - ANSWER Hepatitis B (blank) precautions involve the use of barrier methods and environmental control methods to protect the health care worker. - ANSWER Standard

The most common way of getting HBV and HIV is having (blank) sexual intercourse - ANSWER unprotected (blank) causes changes in the lungs that can be seen on the chest x-ray. - ANSWER Tuberculosis (TB) The bacteria present in the (blank) of the person infected with tuberculosis are spread when the person coughs, sneezes, speaks , or sings. - ANSWER air born droplets Most bacteria that can cause illness need a warm, moist, dark environment with a source of nutrition in order to grow. - ANSWER True A possible sign of infection might be increased confusion or disorientation. - ANSWER True The least common method of transmission for hospital- acquired infections is the hands of health care workers. - ANSWER False Dust can act as a fomite and carry microbes from one area to another. - ANSWER True Barriers used in infection control include gloves that should be worn when there is a possibility of coming in contact with body fluids. - ANSWER True

Our main nonspecific defense mechanism against invasion by microbes is intact skin and (blank) membranes - ANSWER mucous The immune system develops specialized proteins called (blank) which help the body fight off certain microbes. - ANSWER Antibodies The chain of infection requires that a pathogen have a physical way of getting from one person to another. This is the pathogen's method of (blank). - ANSWER Transmission (blank) hygiene is the single most important method of preventing the spread of infection. - ANSWER Hand (blank) precautions are precautions that health care workers use with every patient or resident. - ANSWER Standard Nonverbal communication is the least reliable method of understanding what your patients or residents are feeling. - ANSWER False When involved in conflict, the best way to express why you are upset is to use "I" rather than "you" messages - ANSWER True I f a doctor calls and a nursing assistant answers the phone, it is okay for the nursing assistant to accept an order for the

nurse to give a patient some Tylenol for pain - ANSWER False If you make an error documenting in the medical record, cover it up with correction fluid or scribble through the mistaken entry. - ANSWER False Computerized charting offers many advantages over pa[er charting, but patient/resident confidentiality is a primary concern. - ANSWER True (blank) is perhaps the most useful communication skill, requiring that you focus your full attention on the speaker. - ANSWER Listening Your patient tells you he has a headache at the back of his head and feels like"throwing up." These are symptoms or (blank) data - ANSWER Subjective The (blank) record, or chart, is a legal document that can be used in a court of law as evidence in a litigation claim - ANSWER medical The nursing (blank) is often the first member of the health care team to become aware of a change in a patient's or resident's condition that could be a sign of something serious. - ANSWER assistant