Ophthalmology Study Guide: Paraoptometric Practice Test 2023-2024, Exams of Health sciences

Download Ophthalmology Study Guide: Paraoptometric Practice Test 2023-2024 and more Exams Health sciences in PDF only on Docsity! Certified Paraoptometric Practice Test 2023 – 2024 (With Complete Solutions) Ophthalmoscopy - The Examination of the inside of the eye. Vertex distance - The distance from the back surface of the lens to the front of the eye Fundus - The interior portion of the eyeball that may be seen on ophthalmoscopy. Turn the eye downward - What is the primary function of the inferior rectus muscle? Sub conjunctival hemorrhage - A broken blood vessel between the sclera and conjunctiva. What does a lensometer measure? - Back vertex power which includes sphere and cylinder power. Aspheric lenses provide a smaller field of vision. - False Visual acuity - The measure of the finest detail the eye may detect. Corneal Edema - When water is retained and swelling occurs in the cornea. Snellen Chart - The chart most often used to measure acuity at distance. 0.25 D - The smallest unit of lens measure. Which type of lens will have the same power in all areas of the lens? - Spherical What lens material is the easiest to break? - Glass Trivex - A mid-index lens material that is thinner than glass or CR-39, free from distortion and aberration and able to be used as a safety lens. Sphygmomanometer and stethoscope - Two instruments are used to test patient blood pressure. Conventional daily wear lenses - One type of contact lens is applied after waking and removed before going to sleep. Macula - The part of the retina responsible for sharp, clear vision. Optic Disc - The portion of the optic nerve that is formed by the meeting of all retinal nerve fibers. Photoablation - The procedure using ultraviolet radiation from a laser to remove tissue. What is the name for the part of the frame that connects the two eyewires? - Bridge Monovision - Corrects one eye for distance and the other eye for near and can be used to correct presbyopia. Phoropter - The instrument that contains lenses and can be used to determine a spectacle correction. What does a tonometer measure? - Pressure in the eye. Lacrimal gland - Supplies most of the tears to the eye. "B" Measurement - What is the frame height, the most vertical dimension of the lens opening also known as? Conjunctiva - Transparent covering of the eye that lies between the eyelid and front of the eye. Lens - Located behind the pupil, and is the secondary mechanism of focus, adjusting the amount of focus the light image requires before it reaches the retina. Vitreous - The gel that fills the eye and allows it to maintain its shape. Also serves as a clear pathway for light when it travels from the lens to the retina. Optic Nerve - This is the pathway between the ye and the brain along which the signals produced by the retina travel to the brain. Retina - The nerve center of the eye where light is converted into an electrical signal that travels along the optic nerve to the brain. Aqueous Humour - A jelly-like subastance located in the anterior chamber. Choroid - A layer located behind the retina and absorbs unused radiation. Macular Degeneration - Associated with aging and results in damaging sharp and central vision. Cataract - Is a clouding of the eye's lens and is the leading cause of blindness. Diabetic Retinopathy - A complication of diabetes, progressive damage to the blood vessels of the retina. Glaucoma - A group of diseases that can damage the eye's optic nerve and result in the vision loss and blindness. It occurs when the normal fluid pressure inside the eyes slowly rises. Amblyopia - (Lazy Eye) When the vision in one of the eyes is reduced because the eye and the brain aren't working together properly. The eye itself may look normal, but it's not being used normally because the brain is favoring the other eye. Strabismus - Involves an imbalance in the positionig of the two eyes. I can cause the eys to cross in or tuyrn out. It's cause by a lack of coordination between the eyes. Conjunctivitis - Swelling or infection of the membrane lining the eyelids or Conjunctiva. Cataract Surgery - Surgical removal of the lens, usually replaced with a plastic intraocular lens. Glaucoma Surgery - Numerous different surgeries that facilitate the escape of excess aqueous humor from the eye to lower the intraocular pressure and a few that lower IOP by decreasing the production of aqueous humor. Mydriatics - Dilators Miotics - Constrictors Eye Anaesthetics - Proparacaine, Tetracaine, Cocaine Eye Dilators - Tropicamide, Atropine, Scopolamine, Phenylephrine Cycloplegia - A paralysis of the ciliary muscle, so accommodation can't occur. Keratometry - Measurement of the form and curvature of the cornea. Retinoscopy - A method of determining the state of refraction of the eye by illumination the retina with a mirror and observing the direction of movement of the retinal illumination and adjacent shadow when the mirror is turned. Subjective Refraction - The result of the refraction depends on the patient's ability to discern changes in clarity. This process relies on the cooperation of the Patient. Ophthalmoscopy - A test that allows a doctor to see inside the back of the eye and other structures using a magnifying instrument and a light source. Binocular Vision - The ability to maintain visual focus on an object with both eyes creating a single visual image. Tonometry - A test that measures the pressure inside your eye, which is called intraocular pressure. Visual Fields - The entire area that can be seen when the eye is directed forward including that which is seen with peripheral vision. Biomicroscopy - The Optothalmic examination of the eye by use of a slit lamp and a magnifying lens. Fundus Photography - The creation of a photograph of the interior surface of the eye. Tomography - Refers to imaging by section or sectioning, through the use of any kind of penetrating wave.