Overview of Information Systems: Components, Functions, and Types, Exams of Nursing

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What is an information system? - CORRECT ANSWERS An integrated human-machine system that combines hardware, software, databases, and telecommunications networks. It collects and processes data into information used for decision making at all levels of the organization. ex: a university, teletech What does an IS do? - CORRECT ANSWERS Collects, processes, stores and distributes information / Captures, stores, retrieves, transforms, and disseminates information in an organization Major Components of an IS - CORRECT ANSWERS Data, database, process, and information MIS - CORRECT ANSWERS Management Information System What is a system? - CORRECT ANSWERS Is a set of interrelated components, With a clearly defined boundary, Working together to achieve a common set of objectives Information Technologies - CORRECT ANSWERS Achieve goals of information systems examples of IT - CORRECT ANSWERS Internet Databases POS Systems RFID tags Information System (IS) vs Information Technology (IT) - CORRECT ANSWERS IS is all the components and resources necessary to deliver information and functions to the organization IT is hardware, software, networking and data management

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data - CORRECT ANSWERS input to the system sources of data - CORRECT ANSWERS internal external Can be collected in different forms: Aggregated Disaggregated time orientation Database - CORRECT ANSWERS Heart of an information system: Collection of all relevant data organized in a series of integrated files Essential for the success of any information system Managed with database management system (DBMS): e.g., Oracle Reduces personnel time needed to gather, process, and interpret data manually DBMS - CORRECT ANSWERS Database Management System ex. Oracle Process - CORRECT ANSWERS Generates the most useful type of information for decision making: Generally includes transaction-processing reports and models for decision analysis

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Includes a wide range of models to support all levels of decision making Information - CORRECT ANSWERS Output of an information system Facts that have been analyzed by the process component second most important resource in any organization Quality of information - CORRECT ANSWERS Timeliness Integration with other data and information Consistency and accuracy Relevance User interface - CORRECT ANSWERS (information) Must be flexible and easy to use Graphical user interfaces (GUIs) GUI - CORRECT ANSWERS Graphical User Interface Ultimate goal of an information system - CORRECT ANSWERS Generate business intelligence (BI) BI - CORRECT ANSWERS Business intelligence Types of IS - CORRECT ANSWERS Personnel information system (PIS) human resource information system (HRIS) Logistics information system (LIS) Manufacturing information system (MFIS)

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Financial information system (FIS) Marketing information system (MKIS) PIS and HRIS - CORRECT ANSWERS Personnel information system (PIS) human resource information system (HRIS) Designed to provide information that helps decision makers in personnel carry out their tasks more effectively Use Web technologies Main difference between an intranet and the Internet - CORRECT ANSWERS Intranets are private and the Internet is public Logistics information system (LIS) - CORRECT ANSWERS Designed to reduce the cost of transporting materials Maintains safe and reliable delivery Manufacturing information system (MFIS) - CORRECT ANSWERS Manages manufacturing resources Companies can reduce manufacturing costs, increase product quality, and improve inventory decisions Financial information system (FIS) - CORRECT ANSWERS Provides information to financial executives in a timely manner Marketing information system (MKIS) - CORRECT ANSWERS Improve marketing decisions Provide timely, accurate, and integrated information about the marketing mix

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Porter's 3 strategies for competitive advantage - CORRECT ANSWERS Overall cost leadership Differentiation Focus Porter's 5 forces - CORRECT ANSWERS For analyzing an organization, its position in the marketplace, and how information systems could be used to make it more competitive Buyer power Supplier power Threat of substitute products or services Threat of new entrants Rivalry among existing competitors Buyer power - CORRECT ANSWERS High when customers have many choices Low when they have few choices Limit buyers' choices by offering services that make it difficult for customers to switch Supplier power - CORRECT ANSWERS High when customers have fewer options Low when customers have more options Use information systems to make their products and services cheaper Threat of substitute products or services - CORRECT ANSWERS High when many alternatives for an organization's products or services available Add services to make organization more distinct Add fees to discourage customers from switching Threat of new entrants - CORRECT ANSWERS Low when duplicating a company's product or service is difficult Use focus strategies to ensure that this threat remains low

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Rivalry among existing competitors - CORRECT ANSWERS High when many competitors occupy the same marketplace position Low when there are few competitors Manager of Information Systems Services - CORRECT ANSWERS Responsible for managing: Hardware Software Personnel within the information systems department Enterprise systems - CORRECT ANSWERS Supply chain management (SCM) Customer relationship management (CRM) Enterprise resource planning (ERP) Collaboration software