Glossary of Production and Operations Management Terms, Quizzes of Introduction to Business Management

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Assembly process

That part of the production process that puts together components TERM 2

Computer-aided design (CAD)

DEFINITION 2 The use of computers in the design of products TERM 3

Computer- aided manufacturing (CAM)

DEFINITION 3 the use of computers in the manufacturing of products TERM 4

Computer integrated manufacturing

(CIM)

DEFINITION 4 The uniting of computer-aided design with computer-aided manufacturing TERM 5

Continuous process

DEFINITION 5 A production process in which long production runs turn out finished goods over time

Critical path

In a PERT network, the sequence of tasks that takes the longest time to complete TERM 7

Enterprise resource planning (ERP)

DEFINITION 7 A newer version of materials requirement planning (MRP) that combines the computerized functions of all the divisions and subsidiaries of the firm - such as finance, human resources, and order fulfillment - into a single integrated software program that uses a single database TERM 8

Facility layout

DEFINITION 8 The physical arrangement of resources (including people) in the production process TERM 9

Facility

location

DEFINITION 9 The process of selecting a geographic location for a company's operations TERM 10

Flexible manufacturing

DEFINITION 10 Designing machines to do multiple tasks so that they can produce a variety of products

Form

utility

The value producers add to materials in the creation of finished goods and services TERM 12

Gantt chart

DEFINITION 12 Bar graph showing production managers what projects are being worked on and what stage they are in at any given time TERM 13

Intermittent process

DEFINITION 13 A production process in which the production run is short and the machines are changed frequently to make different products TERM 14

ISO 9000

DEFINITION 14 The common name given to quality management and assurance standards TERM 15

ISO 14000

DEFINITION 15 A collection of the best practices for managing an organizations impact on the environment

Just-in-time (JIT) inventory control

A production process in which a minimum of inventory is kept on the premises and parts, supplies, and other needs are delivered just in time to go on the assembly line TERM 17

Lean manufacturing

DEFINITION 17 The production of goods using less of everything compared to mass production TERM 18

Mass customization

DEFINITION 18 Tailoring products to meet the needs of individual customers TERM 19

Materials requirement planning (MRP)

DEFINITION 19 A computer-based operations management system that uses sales forecasts to make sure that needed parts and materials are available at the right time and place TERM 20

Operations management

DEFINITION 20 A specialized area in management that converts or transforms resources (including human resources) into goods and services

Process manufacturing

That part of the production process that physically or chemically changes materials TERM 22

Production

DEFINITION 22 The creation of finished goods and services using the factors of production: land, labor, capitol, entrepreneurship, and knowledge TERM 23

Production management

DEFINITION 23 The term used to describe all the activities managers do to help their firms create goods TERM 24

Program evaluation and review technique

(PERT)

DEFINITION 24 A method for analyzing the tasks involved in completing a given project, estimating the time needed to complete each task, and identifying the minimum time needed to complete the total project TERM 25

Quality

DEFINITION 25 Consistently producing what the customer wants while reducing errors before and after delivery to the customer

Six Sigma quality

A quality measure that allows only 3.4 defects per million opportunities TERM 27

Statistical process control

(SPC)

DEFINITION 27 The process of testing statistical samples of product componenets at each stage of the production process and plotting those results on a graph. Any variances from quality standards are recognized and can be corrected if beyond the set of standards TERM 28

Statistical quality control (SQC)

DEFINITION 28 The process some managers use to continually monitor all phases of the production process that assure that quality is being built into the product from the beginning TERM 29

Telecommuting

DEFINITION 29 Working from home via computer and modem