Chapter 15 of Final Exam | BIOL 1001 - GENERAL BIOLOGY, Quizzes of Biology

Download Chapter 15 of Final Exam | BIOL 1001 - GENERAL BIOLOGY and more Quizzes Biology in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Gene pool DEFINITION 1 total of all genes present in population, includes all alleles for every gene TERM 2 allele frequency DEFINITION 2 relative proportion of each allele of a given geneex. 25 hamsters with a total of 50 alleles --- 35 dominant 15 recessivefrequency = 15/50 = 0.30 = 30% TERM 3 Hardy-Weinberg Principle DEFINITION 3 allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constantConditions that must be met ----no mutations or gene flow can occurpopulation must be very largemating must be randomno natural selection TERM 4 equilibrium population DEFINITION 4 non-evolving population TERM 5 gene flow DEFINITION 5 movement of alleles in and out of population TERM 6 Major causes of evolution DEFINITION 6 mutationsgene flowgenetic driftnon-random matingnatural selection TERM 7 mutations DEFINITION 7 changes in DNA sequence --> allelesinherited mutations are rarecumulative effect is essential to evolution (creates variation) TERM 8 gene flow DEFINITION 8 movement of allele between populationschanges distribution of allelesintroduces new alleles from one gene pool to another (increases genetic similarity)no gene flow --> new species form TERM 9 genetic drift DEFINITION 9 changes in gene pool of small populations by chancepopulation size matters (sm. populations affected more than large) fewer individuals reproducingpopulation bottleneckfounder effect TERM 10 population bottleneck DEFINITION 10 population reduced due to catastrophic eventgenetic variability affected, fewer individuals present to reproduce TERM 21 Evolutionary Patterns DEFINITION 21 directional selectionstabilizing selectiondisruptive selection TERM 22 directional selection DEFINITION 22 favors 1 extreme of a phenotypeselect against average and opposite extreme TERM 23 stabilizing selection DEFINITION 23 favors average phenotypeselects against extremes TERM 24 disruptive selection DEFINITION 24 favors both extremes of a phenotypeselects against average TERM 25 What happens without evolution? DEFINITION 25 extinction