Chapter 29: Medications Fundamentals of Nursing; Taylor, Lynn, Bartlett Questions AN Answe, Exams of Nursing

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of Nursing; Taylor, Lynn, Bartlett

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Pharmacology - correct answer the study of drugs and their effect on the body's functioning T or F: Medication administration is a core nursing function that involves skillful technique and consideration of the patient's development, health, status, and safety. - correct answer True generic name - correct answer name assigned by the manufacturer who first develops a drug; it is often derived from the chemical name trade name - correct answer name selected by the pharmaceutical company that sells the drug and is protected by trademark pharmacotherapeutics - correct answer Subtopic of pharmacology that considers the therapeutic uses and effects of drugs. It covers why we administer a specific drug as well as the desired outcome.

of Nursing; Taylor, Lynn, Bartlett

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clinical indication - correct answer why nurses administer a specific drug pharmacokinetics - correct answer The effect the body has on a drug once the drug enters the body. It is the movement of drug molecules in the body in relation to the drug's absorption, distribution metabolism, and excretion. absorption - correct answer the process by wihich a drug is transferred from its site of entry into the body to the bloodstream. bioavailability - correct answer the portion of a drug that reaches the systemic circulation and can act on cells distribution - correct answer occurs after a drug has been injected or absorbed into the bloodstream- the drug molecules are transported throughout the body to where they take action metabolism - correct answer also known as biotransformation, the

of Nursing; Taylor, Lynn, Bartlett

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change of an active drug from its original form to an inactivated or new form portal vein - correct answer how drugs move orally from the intestinal lumen to the liver excretion - correct answer the process of removing a drug, or its metabolites, from the body metabolites - correct answer products of metabolism pharmacodynamics - correct answer the process by which drugs act on target cells resulting in alterations in cellular reactions and functions, also represents what a drug does to the body adverse drug reactions (ADR's) - correct answer harmful effects that lead to injury; also known as adverse effects

of Nursing; Taylor, Lynn, Bartlett

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allergic effect - correct answer immune system response that occurs when the body interprets an administered drug as a foreign substance and forms antibodies against the drug anaphylatic reaction - correct answer severe,possibly fatal allergic response anaphylaxis - correct answer life threatening allergic reaction which results in respiratory distress, sudden severe bronchospasm, and cardiovascular collapse drug tolerance - correct answer occurs when the body becomes accustomed to the effects of a particular drug over a period of time toxic effects - correct answer specific groups of symptoms related to drug therapy that carry risk for permanent damage or death idiosyncratic effect - correct answer sometimes called paradoxical effect, any

of Nursing; Taylor, Lynn, Bartlett

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unusual or peculiar response to a drug that may manifest itself by overresponse, underresponse, or even the opposite of the expected response drug interactions - correct answer the effects that may occur when the drug is given along with another drug, food, or substance addictive effect - correct answer drugs with similar pharmacologic actions; results in an increase in the overall effect synergisitic effect - correct answer drugs with different sites or MOA; results in greater effects when taken together antagonistic effect - correct answer combined drugs alter the overall sum effect or negate each other; results in an effect less than that of each drug alone interference - correct answer one drug interferes with the metabolism of another; leads to the buildup of a medication (that

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cannot be metabolized) and can result in toxicity or an ADR displacement - correct answer one drug binds to protein binding sites and forces another drug to be displaced; results i the released drug becoming pharmacologically active and can lead to an increase in the effect of the unbound drug teratogenic - correct answer drugs that are known to have the potential to cause developmental defects in the embryo or fetus and are definitely contraindicated ethanopharmacology - correct answer new field of study where combining the approaches of medical anthropology, phytotherapy, and pharmaceutical science, this discipline examines medicinal plants in indigenous cultures, their bioactive compounds, and the sustainable development and production of nature derived therapeutics pharmacogenetics - correct answer study of differences in the response of patients receiving the same medication which may result

of Nursing; Taylor, Lynn, Bartlett

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from genetic differences, such as genetic variations in certain enzymes, that may cause differing drug responses placebo - correct answer pharmacologically inactive substance given as medication in hope that the patients expectation of the medication may affect the response to the medication therapeutic range - correct answer concentration of drug in the blood serum that produces the desired effect without causing toxicity peak level - correct answer highest plasma concentration of a drug trough level - correct answer the point when a drug is at its lowest concentration half-life - correct answer amount of time it takes for 50% of blood concentration of a drug to be eliminated from the body

of Nursing; Taylor, Lynn, Bartlett

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stat order - correct answer single order carried out immediately dose on hand/quantity on hand = dose desired/x(quantity desired) - correct answer formula to calculate drug dosages when the nurse reaches for the unit dose package or containter - correct answer first check after retrieval from the drawer and compared with the eMAR/MAR or compared with the eMAR/MAR immediately before pouring from a multidose conatainer - correct answer second check before giving the unit dose medication to the patient or when replacing the multidose container in the drawer or shelf - correct answer third check rights of administration - correct answer 1.right medication. 2. right patient 3. right dose 4. right route 5. right time 6. right reason 7. right

of Nursing; Taylor, Lynn, Bartlett

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assessment data 8. right documentation 9. right response

10. right education 11. right to refuse Durham-Humphrey Amendment of 1951 - correct answer distinguished prescription drugs from nonprescription (OTC) drugs and provided directions for dispensing prescription drugs Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 - correct answer set national standards for drug quality and allowed the federal government to enforce those standards Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970 - correct answer also known as the Controlled Substances Act which regulates the distribution of narcotics and other drugs of abuse medication reconciliation - correct answer a process used by the health care team where the current medication orders are are compared to patient report, the patients medical record, and prescriptions that may have been in place prior to the transition of care

of Nursing; Taylor, Lynn, Bartlett

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PRN order - correct answer "as needed" order for medication one time order - correct answer the directive is carried out only once, at a time specified by the prescriber routine order - correct answer order carried out as specified until it is canceled by another order What are the seven parts of the medication order? - correct answer 1. patients name and a secondary identifier

2. date and time order is written
3. name of drug to be administered
4. dosage of the drug
5. route by which the drug is to be administered
6. frequency of the administration of the drug
7. signature of the prescribing provider

of Nursing; Taylor, Lynn, Bartlett

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oral route - correct answer having patient swallow drug enteral route - correct answer administering drug through an enteral tube sublingual administration - correct answer drugs are given by placement under the tongue buccal administration - correct answer placing drug between cheek and gum parenteral route - correct answer injecting drug into... subcutaneous injection - correct answer the administration of medication by injection into the fatty layer just below the skin intramuscular injection - correct answer an injection into deep muscle tissue, usually of the buttock, thigh, or upper arm

of Nursing; Taylor, Lynn, Bartlett

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intradermal injection - correct answer injection placed just below the epidermis topical route - correct answer applying drug onto skin or mucous membrane MAR - correct answer medication administration record; a complete list of all medications prescribed for the patient 1 kilogram = ____ grams - correct answer 1,000 grams 1 gram = ____ milligrams - correct answer 1,000 milligrams 1 milligram = ___ micrograms - correct answer 1000 micrograms 1 liter =? - correct answer 1000 milliliters (mL) or cubic centimeters

of Nursing; Taylor, Lynn, Bartlett

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a teaspoon = ___ mL? - correct answer 5 mL 3 teaspoons equals - correct answer 1 tablespoon One ounce = ___ mL? - correct answer 30 mL T or F: Medication errors can occur with almost any type of drug. - correct answer True When is the first check of medication? - correct answer When the nurse reaches for the unit dose package or container When is the 2nd check of medication? - correct answer After retrieval from the drawer and compared with the MAR/eMAR, or compared with the MAR/eMAR immediately after pouring from a multidose container

of Nursing; Taylor, Lynn, Bartlett

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When is the 3rd check of medication? - correct answer Before giving the unit dose medication to the patient, or when replacing the multidose container in the drawer or shelf.