Chapter 43—THE BIOSPHERE Exam Study Guide: Latest Updated 2024/2025, Exams of Biochemistry

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Chapter 43—THE BIOSPHERE

Exam Study Guide Latest

Updated 2024/

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1. At how many degrees north and south of the equator does air rise again as a result of different temperatures in air masses that meet? a. 10 b. 30 c. 40 d. 60 e. 75 ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.1 What determines air circulation patterns? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember NOTES: Modified
2. Descending air around degrees latitude causes the formation of deserts. a. 0 b. 15 c. 30 d. 45 e. 60 ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.1 What determines air circulation patterns? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember
3. Major air masses rise from Earth's surface at: a. the equator and 30 degrees latitude b. 30 degree and 60 degree latitudes c. the equator and 60 degrees latitude d. 30 degrees latitude and the poles e. the poles. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.1 What determines air circulation patterns? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember
4. Which factor has the least effect on the amount of incoming light that strikes an area? a. latitude b. temperature c. particulate matter in the atmosphere d. total surface area that sunlight strikes e. Earth’s tilt

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ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.1 What determines air circulation patterns?

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KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember NOTES: Modified

5. What occurs when the Northern Hemisphere is most tilted away from sun and has its shortest day? a. winter solstice b. summer solstice c. spring equinox d. autumn equinox e. both solstices ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.1 What determines air circulation patterns? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember NOTES: New
6. A wind system that influences large climatic regions and reverses direction seasonally, producing dry and wet seasons, is referred to as a(n): a. geothermal ecosystem b. upwelling c. taiga d. monsoon e. hurricane ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.2 How do currents and landforms affect climate? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember
7. Water in the oceans tends to move in great currents from the: a. north pole to the south pole b. equator to the poles c. poles to the equator d. south pole to the north pole e. equator to the poles and back again ANSWER: e POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.2 How do currents and landforms affect climate? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember
8. A mountain rain shadow “falls” on the: a. arid area on the windward slope b. wet area on the windward slope c. arid area on the leeward slope

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d. wet area on the leeward slope e. arid area on both slope

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ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.2 How do currents and landforms affect climate? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember

9. Coastal mountain ranges produce: a. rain shadows on the windward sides b. precipitation on the leeward sides c. dry areas on the leeward sides d. extensive grasslands on the windward sides e. high precipitation on both sides of the mountain ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.2 How do currents and landforms affect climate? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember NOTES: Modified
10. The deepest, most fertile topsoil is usually in: a. deserts b. savannas c. temperate grasslands d. temperate forests e. tropical rain forests ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.3 What are the major biomes? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember
11. Similarities between organisms in biomes that are widely separated on the planet are an indication of: a. invasive species becoming adapted to their new home b. morphological convergence c. recombinant DNA d. common ancestry e. founder effects ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.3 What are the major biomes? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand

Selecting the Exception

12. Four of the five answers listed below are characteristics of the tropical rain forest. Select the exception.

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a. vines and epiphytes b. great diversity c. structurally complex

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d. nutrient poor soil e. large herds of herbivores ANSWER: e POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.4 What is the most productive biome? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember OTHER: Selecting the Exception

13. Four of the five answers listed below are related by a common biome. Select the exception. a. no trees b. permafrost c. short growing seasons d. found in the rain shadows e. found above the Arctic Circle ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.8 What is the coldest biome? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand OTHER: Selecting the Exception NOTES: Modified
14. Four of the five answers listed below are related by a similar area of the ocean. Select the exception. a. sea mounts b. pelagic province c. benthic province d. continental shelves e. hydrothermic vents ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.12 Where is life in the open ocean? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand OTHER: Selecting the Exception NOTES: Modified
15. Which characteristic applies to tropical rain forests? a. Little sunlight reaches the forest floor. b. Diversity is limited because the tall forest canopy shuts out most of the incoming light. c. Conditions are extremely favorable for growing luxuriant food crops. d. Competition for resources is extremely low. e. Temperatures vary greatly. ANSWER: a

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POINTS: 1

REFERENCES: Section 43.4 What is the most productive biome? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember

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NOTES: Modified

16. The biome with the most complex diversity of life forms is the: a. tundra b. taiga c. tropical rain forest d. desert e. grassland ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.4 What is the most productive biome? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember
17. Some tropical rain forests are the source of a plant that proved to be useful in fighting: a. malaria b. influenza c. HIV d. heart disease e. cancer ANSWER: e POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.4 What is the most productive biome? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember NOTES: Modified
18. Which biome or biomes have precipitation that falls all year? a. tropical rain forest only b. chaparral only c. tundra d. tropical rain forest and chaparral e. tropical rain forest and temperate deciduous forest ANSWER: e POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.4 What is the most productive biome? Section 43.5 What types of forests occur in cooler climates? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember NOTES: Modified
19. Out of the biomes listed, which receives the most precipitation? a. tundra b. boreal forest c. chaparral

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d. savanna e. grassland

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ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.5 What types of forests occur in colder climates? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand NOTES: New

20. Which biome is characterized by plants whose leaves drop off in the wintertime? a. coniferous forest b. tundra c. temperate deciduous forest d. tropical rain forest e. boreal forest ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.5 What types of forests occur in cooler climates? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember NOTES: Modified
21. The boreal forest could best be described as what type of forest? a. deciduous b. thorn c. evergreen coniferous d. broad-leafed e. shrub ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.5 What types of forests occur in cooler climates? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember NOTES: Modified
22. What is characteristic of dry shrublands (chaparral)? a. Cool, wet winters are followed by hot, dry summers. b. Primary production is abundant throughout the year. c. Constant cool temperatures prevail throughout the year. d. Winters are mild and summers are wet. e. Precipitation occurs evenly year round. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.6 What are the fire-adapted biomes? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember

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23. The biome most closely associated with fire is the: a. desert b. tropical rain forest

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c. chaparral d. temperate deciduous forest e. boreal forest ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.6 What are the fire-adapted biomes? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember NOTES: Modified

24. Some chaparral plants have seeds that only sprout after being exposed to fire. a. inedible b. fire-resistant c. aromatic d. flammable e. drought-resistant. ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.6 What are the fire-adapted biomes? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand NOTES: Modified
25. The biome most known for its rich, deep topsoil is: a. tundra b. taiga c. tropical rain forest d. desert e. grassland ANSWER: e POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.6 What are the fire-adapted biomes? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember
26. A tropical biome with grasses as primary producers and scattered trees adapted to prolonged dry spells is known as a: a. warm desert b. savanna c. tundra d. taiga e. chaparral ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.6 What are the fire-adapted biomes?

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KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember

27. Which soil type is usually high in salt content but low in organic matter?

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a. desert b. savanna c. temperate grassland d. temperate forest e. tropical rain forest ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.7 What is the driest biome? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember

28. The biome with the greatest range of daily temperature extremes is the: a. tundra b. taiga c. tropical rain forest d. desert e. grassland ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.7 What is the driest biome? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember
29. Permafrost and low rainfall are characteristic of which biome? a. boreal forest b. montane coniferous forest c. arctic tundra d. desert e. chaparral ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.8 What is the coldest biome? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember
30. Which biome occurs between the polar ice cap and northern boreal forests? a. chaparral b. boreal forest c. desert d. grassland e. tundra ANSWER: e POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.8 What is the coldest biome?

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KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember

31. Thorough mixing of oxygen and nutrients within a lake occurs in:

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a. winter and summer b. winter and spring c. spring and summer d. spring and autumn e. summer and autumn ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.9 What are the main types of freshwater ecosystems? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember

Figure 43.16 Seasonal changes in a temperate zone lake.

32. In the accomnpanying figure, which letter(s) represent summer? a. A b. B c. C d. D e. A and C ANSWER: c

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POINTS: 1

REFERENCES: Section 43.9 What are the main types of freshwater ecosystems? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand

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NOTES: New

33. In the accompanying figure, which overturn eliminates the thermocline layer of water? a. B, spring b. D, autumn c. B, autumn d. D, spring e. B and D ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.9 What are the main types of freshwater ecosystems? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand NOTES: New
34. Consider the accompanying figure. The dispersion of nutrients through the water leads to the primary productivity of the lake for the year after which activity? a. A b. B c. C d. D e. C and D ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.9 What are the main types of freshwater ecosystems? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand NOTES: New
35. Cold, fast-moving freshwater holds than still, warm water. a. more oxygen b. less oxygen c. more carbon dioxide d. less nutrients e. more nutrients ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.9 What are the main types of freshwater ecosystems? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember NOTES: New
36. In summer, the upper and lower levels of a lake are separated by the: a. limnetic zone b. thermocline

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c. littoral zone d. lentic zone

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e. eutrophic zone ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.9 What are the main types of freshwater ecosystems? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember

37. Eutrophication refers to what kind of change in a lake? a. An increase in depth b. An increase in nutrient concentrations c. An increase in species diversity d. A decrease in nutrient concentrations e. An increase in oxygen levels ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.9 What are the main types of freshwater ecosystems? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember
38. Freshwater lakes will turn over in: a. the fall only b. the winter c. the spring only d. the summer e. both the fall and spring ANSWER: e POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.9 What are the main types of freshwater ecosystems? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember
39. In a lake, the open sunlit water with its suspended phytoplankton is referred to as which zone? a. pelagic b. limnetic c. littoral d. profundal e. benthic ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.9 What are the main types of freshwater ecosystems? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember
40. The profundal zone is characterized by: a. phytoplankton only

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b. producers and consumers c. plants and animals d. decomposer only

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e. decomposers and detritivores ANSWER: e POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.9 What are the main types of freshwater ecosystems? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember

41. Intertidal tropical wetlands often have forests of: a. corals b. mangroves c. oaks d. palms e. sea oats ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.10 What are coastal ecosystems? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember
42. The region where freshwater from a river and saltwater mix is a(n): a. limnetic zone b. estuary c. intertidal zone d. upper littoral zone e. profundal zone ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.10 What are coastal ecosystems? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember NOTES: Modified
43. Water draining from the land mixes with seawater carried in on tides in which of the following? a. abyssal zone b. rift zone c. upwelling d. estuary e. pelagic zone ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 43.10 What are coastal ecosystems? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember
44. What is characteristic of a mudflat?

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a. present on the ocean floor b. present at the bottom of eutrophic lakes c. found in estuaries