Chapter 6- Crime Scene Photography with 100% correct answers.docx, Exams of Oral Biology

Download Chapter 6- Crime Scene Photography with 100% correct answers.docx and more Exams Oral Biology in PDF only on Docsity!

Chapter 6- Crime

Scene

Photography

with 100%

correct answers

What are the four key elements of crime scene documentation? - answer 1- Notes 2- Photographs/video 3- Sketches 4- Reports Describe how a photograph might create an identification problem. - answer An identification problem occurs when the viewer cannot tell what the item is or why the photo was taken. If there are no supporting photographs to help the viewer see

the evidence better, then the photo is out of context and has limited usefulness. Road mapping - answer Capturing all pertinent aspects of bloodstain crime scene What is the purpose of crime scene photographs? - answer The purpose of crime scene photography is to accurately depict the scene without introducing distortion or visual bias. Describe how a photograph might create a confusion problem. - answer Multiple photographs of the same area showing the scene in altered conditions can create confusion or become a distraction at trial. For example: if you take one photo that includes a coffee cup and another that does not, which photo is correct? Was the coffee cup part of the scene? Using a photo log can help eliminate some of these issues up. What are the three basic photographs associated with crime scene photography? - answer Overall photographs Evidence-establishing photographs (mid-range)

Evidence quality photographs (close-up) What is the purpose of an overall photograph? - answer The purpose of overall photographs is to depict the general condition and layout of the scene. The technician seeks to capture how the scene is oriented, where major visible landmarks are, and the condition of the scene prior to significant alteration. One round of overall photos is usually taken, then a second round depicting number placards. This allows the proof that nothing is hidden under the placards, but then helps the viewer see the significant points more clearly. What is the purpose of an evidence-establishing (also known as mid-range) photograph? - answer The purpose of the evidence-establishing photograph is to frame the item in conjunction with some obvious landmark evident in the overall photographs. Oftentimes the evidence in the scene consists of small items or artifacts, many of which will not even appear as recognizable objects in the overall photographs. Provided with only the overall photographs and a close-up photograph of the

item, the viewer has no means of determining where in the scene this item was. What is the purpose of evidence close-up and forensic quality photographs? - answer Steps for taking close-up photos: 1-fill the frame 2-hold camera perpendicular to the place the object is laying on 3-take a photo both with and without the scale 4-close-up photo should be taken of at least both sides of the object The purpose of these photos is to capture the details of the object. For items such as fingerprints and shoe impressions, a RAW photo is also taken. What are the minimum requirements to include in a crime scene photography log? - answer At a minimum, photo logs should identify the subject of the photo and the exposure number. How does the f-stop affect the resulting photograph? - answer The f-stop affects depth of

field. The smaller the aperture (high number) the greater the depth of field. The larger the aperture (smaller number) the shorter the depth of field. How can a crime scene technician prevent overexposure or bleaching out of close-up photographs when using fill-flash techniques? - answer If the camera is too near the subject, the flash may bleach out the view. By using fill-flash (lighting the area with a flashlight rather than the flash) one can avoid overexposure. Fill-flash - answer If it is too dark, a digital camera may have troubles focusing. Another technician may shine a light on the subject and this helps the camera to focus. The light should remain still until the photograph has been captured. Describe at least three critical mistakes that occur when using video cameras in the crime scene? - answer 1- Camera does not see or focus as well as the human eye. A video camera operator must take video deliberately, making efforts to move smoothly and if an item of interest comes into view the video should remain on the item for at least 10 seconds.

2- Lighting can be a problem so the video operator may need to employ fill lighting. Flashlights are not sufficient to illuminate the scenery. 3- Audio should be turned off to avoid background noise and/or unprofessional commentary. If audio is necessary, the video operator should plan ahead in order to speak deliberately rather than off the cuff and non-essential personnel should be removed from the scene.