Manufacturing Terms: Definition of Key Concepts for Production Management, Quizzes of Production and Operations Management

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Balance Delay

the total idle time of an assembly line

TERM 2

Best Operating Level

DEFINITION 2

the percent of capacity utilization at which unit costs are

lowest

TERM 3

Block Diagram

DEFINITION 3

A schematic layout diagram that includes the size of each

work area

TERM 4

Capacity

DEFINITION 4

The maximum capability to produce

TERM 5

Capacity Cushion

DEFINITION 5

a percent of capacity held in reserve for unexpected

occurrences

Capacity Planning

a long-term strategic decision that establishes the overall

level of productive resources for a firm

TERM 7

Cellular Layout

DEFINITION 7

a layout that creates individual cells to process parts or

customers with similar requirements

TERM 8

Cycle Time

DEFINITION 8

The maximum amount of time an item is allowed to spend at

each workstation if the targeted production rate is to be

achieved; also, the time between successive product

completions

TERM 9

Diseconomies of Scale

DEFINITION 9

When higher levels of output cost more per unit to produce

TERM 10

Economies of Scale

DEFINITION 10

when it costs less per unit to produce higher levels of output

Facility Layout

The arrangement of machines, departments, workstations

and other areas within a facility

TERM 12

Fixed-Position Layout

DEFINITION 12

a layout in which the product remains at a stationary site for

the entire manufacturing cycle

TERM 13

Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS)

DEFINITION 13

Programmable equipment connected by an automated

material-handling system and controlled by a central

computer

TERM 14

Line Balancing

DEFINITION 14

a layout technique that attempts to equalize the amount of

work assigned to each workstation on an assembly line

TERM 15

Mixed-Model Assembly Line

DEFINITION 15

An assembly line that processes more than one product

model

Muther's Grid

a format for displaying manager preferences for department

locations

TERM 17

Precedence Requirements

DEFINITION 17

Physical restrictions on the order in which operations are

performed

TERM 18

Process Layout

DEFINITION 18

A layout that groups similar activities together into work

centers according to the process or function they perform

TERM 19

Production Flow Analysis (PFA)

DEFINITION 19

A group technology technique that reorders part routing

matrices to identify families of parts with similar processing

requirements

TERM 20

Relationship Diagram

DEFINITION 20

A schematic diagram that denotes location preference with

different line thicknesses

Unit Load

the quantity in which material is normally moved, such as a

unit of time, a pallet, or a bin of material