Chemistry 111 Chapter 1 Exam 158 Questions with Verified Answers,100% CORRECT, Exams of Chemistry

Download Chemistry 111 Chapter 1 Exam 158 Questions with Verified Answers,100% CORRECT and more Exams Chemistry in PDF only on Docsity! Chemistry 111 Chapter 1 Exam 158 Questions with Verified Answers Define science. - CORRECT ANSWER Knowledge; Specifically, knowledge gained through experience or experiment (empirical knowledge). Science is both an activity and the result of the activity Define chemistry. - CORRECT ANSWER The study of matter and its changes and interactions with other matter and with energy. Define scientific method - CORRECT ANSWER Investigations that are guided by theory and earlier experiments. Define hypothesis. - CORRECT ANSWER A possible explanation for an event. Define law - CORRECT ANSWER A statement that summarizes a large number of observations. Define theory - CORRECT ANSWER An explanation of the laws of nature. Define matter. - CORRECT ANSWER Anything that has mass and takes up space Define mass. - CORRECT ANSWER The amount of matter in an object Define weight. - CORRECT ANSWER The force of attraction between an object and another object; is dependent upon mass. Define property. - CORRECT ANSWER Anything observed or measured about a sample of matter. Define physical properties. - CORRECT ANSWER Properties that can be measured without changing the composition of the sample. Give examples of physical properties. - CORRECT ANSWER Mass, density, color, melting point Define physical change. - CORRECT ANSWER A change that occurs without changing the composition of the material. Give examples of physical change. - CORRECT ANSWER Freezing and melting Define chemical properties. - CORRECT ANSWER Properties that describe the reactivity of a material. Give examples of a chemical property. - CORRECT ANSWER Methane burns in the air (Flammability); lead is toxic Define chemical change. - CORRECT ANSWER At least part of the material is changed into a different kind of matter. Give an example of a chemical change. - CORRECT ANSWER Burning methane in air produces carbon dioxide and water. Matter can be divided into what two types? - CORRECT ANSWER (Pure) substances and mixtures Define substance. - CORRECT ANSWER A material that is chemically the same throughout. A substance cannot be separated by physical methods What are the two types of substances? - CORRECT ANSWER Elements and compounds Define elements. - CORRECT ANSWER Cannot be broken down into simpler substances. Ex: Fe, O Define compounds. - CORRECT ANSWER Can be broken down into elements. Ex: H2O Define mixture. - CORRECT ANSWER Matter that can be separated by physical methods. hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER a possible explanation for an event law - CORRECT ANSWER a statement that summarizes a large number of observations theory - CORRECT ANSWER an explanation of the laws of nature matter - CORRECT ANSWER anything that has mass and occupies space mass - CORRECT ANSWER the quantity of matter in an object weight - CORRECT ANSWER the force of attraction between an object and other objects property - CORRECT ANSWER anything observed or measured about a sample of matter extensive property - CORRECT ANSWER depends on the size of sample extensive property examples - CORRECT ANSWER mass and volume intensive property - CORRECT ANSWER independent of sample size intensive property examples - CORRECT ANSWER density, color, melting point, boiling point physical properties - CORRECT ANSWER can be measured without changing the composition of the sample physical properties examples - CORRECT ANSWER mass, density, color, melting point physical change - CORRECT ANSWER a change that occurs without changing the composition of the material physical change examples - CORRECT ANSWER freezing, melting chemical properties - CORRECT ANSWER describe the reactivity of a material chemical properties examples - CORRECT ANSWER methane burns in air chemical change - CORRECT ANSWER at least part of the material is changed into a different kind of matter chemical change examples - CORRECT ANSWER burning methane in air produces carbon dioxide and water matter can be divided into two types - CORRECT ANSWER substances and mixtures substance - CORRECT ANSWER a material that is chemically the same throughout two types of substances - CORRECT ANSWER elements and compounds elements - CORRECT ANSWER cannot be broken into simpler substances compounds - CORRECT ANSWER can be broken down into elements mixture - CORRECT ANSWER matter that can be separated into simpler materials by physical methods heterogeneous mixtures - CORRECT ANSWER composition of the mixture changes from one part to another heterogeneous mixtures examples - CORRECT ANSWER chocolate chip cookies homogeneous mixtures - CORRECT ANSWER the composition of the mixture is uniform throughout homogeneous mixtures examples - CORRECT ANSWER air and alloys alloys - CORRECT ANSWER solutions of a metal and another material alloy examples - CORRECT ANSWER brass modern chemistry is largely based on ____ - CORRECT ANSWER experimental measurements confidence of experimental measurements involves _____ - CORRECT ANSWER precision and accuracy accuracy - CORRECT ANSWER the agreement of a set of measurements with the true value precision - CORRECT ANSWER agreement among repeated measurements of the same quantity Science - CORRECT ANSWER knowledge gained through experience or experiment, it is both the activity and result of the activity Chemistry - CORRECT ANSWER he study of matter and its interactions with other matter and with energy Scientific method - CORRECT ANSWER investigations that are guided by theory and earlier experiments Hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER A testable prediction, often implied by a theory Law - CORRECT ANSWER statement that summarizes a vast number of observations Theory - CORRECT ANSWER an explanation of the laws of nature Matter - CORRECT ANSWER anything that has mass and occupies space Mass - CORRECT ANSWER the quantity of matter in an object Weight - CORRECT ANSWER the force of attraction between an object and other objects A liquid evaporating is a - CORRECT ANSWER physical change Wood burning is a - CORRECT ANSWER chemical change Easiest way to tell a physical change from a chemical change? - CORRECT ANSWER A chemical change be not be reversed, whereas a physical change can be Physical Property - CORRECT ANSWER can be observed and measured without changing the composition and identity of matter Chemical Property - CORRECT ANSWER can be observed only while changing the composition and identity of a substance Density - CORRECT ANSWER mass/volume Atomic theory - CORRECT ANSWER a theory that states that all matter is composed of tiny particles called atoms. Chemistry - CORRECT ANSWER The study of the properties of matter and how matter changes experiment - CORRECT ANSWER a scientific procedure undertaken to make a discovery, test a hypothesis, or demonstrate a known fact. Hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER A testable prediction, often implied by a theory Law of Conservation of Mass - CORRECT ANSWER the law that states that mass cannot be created or destroyed in ordinary chemical and physical changes Observation - CORRECT ANSWER the action or process of observing something or someone carefully or in order to gain information. scientific law - CORRECT ANSWER A statement that describes what scientists expect to happen every time under a particular set of conditions Scientific Method - CORRECT ANSWER A logical, systematic approach to the solution of a scientific problem Theory - CORRECT ANSWER A hypothesis that has been tested with a significant amount of data Tera -T - CORRECT ANSWER 10¹² Giga - G - CORRECT ANSWER 10^9 Mega- M - CORRECT ANSWER 10^6 Kilo-K - CORRECT ANSWER 10^3 Deci -d - CORRECT ANSWER 10^-1 Centi- c - CORRECT ANSWER 10^-2 Milli-m - CORRECT ANSWER 10^-3 Micro - CORRECT ANSWER 10^-6 Nano-n - CORRECT ANSWER 10^-9 Pico- p - CORRECT ANSWER 10^-12 K= Celsius ____ - CORRECT ANSWER 273.15 1 dm^3= - CORRECT ANSWER 1 L 1 cm^3= - CORRECT ANSWER 1mL Formula for density - CORRECT ANSWER D=m/v What is an exact number - CORRECT ANSWER Numbers with defined values What is an inexact number - CORRECT ANSWER Length, mass, volume, etc. Any non zero digit (131.8) - CORRECT ANSWER Significant(4) Zeros between nonzero digits (409) - CORRECT ANSWER Significant (3) Zeros to the left of the first nonzero (0.0065) - CORRECT ANSWER Not significant (2) Zeros to the right of the last nonzero (1.200) - CORRECT ANSWER Significant if a decimal is present (4) Zeros to the right with no decimal (100) - CORRECT ANSWER Ambiguous