Chemistry Final Exam Review JUNIOR YEAR, Exams of Advanced Education

Download Chemistry Final Exam Review JUNIOR YEAR and more Exams Advanced Education in PDF only on Docsity! Chemistry Final Exam Review JUNIOR YEAR Activity series - correct answer-a list of elements in order of decreasing activity, the activity series of halogens Actual Yield - correct answer-amount of product that is experimentally obtained given amounts of reactants Anion - correct answer-negatively charged ion Balanced Equation - correct answer-a chemical equation in which mass is conserved; each side has the same #'s Binary Compound - correct answer-compound composed of two elements Bond dissociation energy - correct answer-energy required to break the bond between two covalently bonded atoms; this value is usually expressed in kJ per mol of substance Cation - correct answer-positively charged ion Chemical equation - correct answer-expression representing a chem reaction; formulas of the reactions (left) are connected by an arrow with formulas for the product (right) Coefficient - correct answer-a small whole # that appears in front of a formula in a balanced chem equation Combination (Synthesis) reaction - correct answer-chemical change in which 2 or more substances react to form a single new substance also called synthesis reaction Combustion reaction - correct answer-chemical change in which an element for compound reacts with oxygen often producing energy in light and water form Coordinate covalent bond - correct answer-structural formula that leaves out some bonds and or atoms; the presence of these atoms or bonds is understood Covalent bond - correct answer-bond formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms Decomposition reaction - correct answer-chemical change in which a single compound is broken down into 2 or more simpler products Diatomic molecule - correct answer-a molecule consisting of two atoms Dipole - correct answer-molecule that has two poles, or regions with opposite charges Dispersion force - correct answer-attractions between molecules caused by the electron motion on one molecule affecting the electron motion on the other through electrical forces; these are the weakest interactions between molecules Double replacement reaction - correct answer-chemical change that involves an exchange of positive ions between two compounds Empirical formula - correct answer-formula with the lowest whole # ratio of element in a compound; empirical formula of hydrogen peroxide is HO Hydrogen bond - correct answer-attractive forces in which a hydrogen covalently bonded to a very electronegative atom is also weakly bonded to an unshared electron pair of another electronegative atom Ion (monatomic, polyatomic) - correct answer-an atom or group of atoms that has positive/ negative charge Limiting reagent - correct answer-any reactant that is used up first in a chemical reaction; it determines the amount of product that can be formed in the reaction Metallic bond - correct answer-the force or attraction that holds metals together; consists of the attraction of free-floating valence electrons for positively charges metal ions Molar mass - correct answer-term used to refer to the mass of a mole of any substance Mole - correct answer-amount of a substance that contains 6.02 x 10^23 representative particles of that substance molecule - correct answer-neutral group of atoms joined together by covalent bonds molecular compound - correct answer-a compound that is composed of molecules Octet rule - correct answer-elements gain or lose electrons to get electron configuration of noble gases Percent composition - correct answer-the percent by mass of each element in a compound Percent Yield - correct answer-the ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield for a chemical reaction expressed as a percent; a measure of the efficiency of a reaction