Chemistry Practice Questions with Answers: AAB MT, Exams of Laboratory Practices and Management

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AAB MT Chemistry- Practice questions

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Which of the following aminoacidopathies is NOT caused by an enzyme deficiency? Choose one answer. a. phenylketonuria b. alkaptonuria c. maple syrup disease d. cystinuria - ✔✔d. cystinuria What method is most commonly used to measure total protein? Choose one answer. a. dye binding b. Kjeldahl c. Biuret

d. refractometry - ✔✔c. Biuret Which of the following is the preferred reagent for measuring albumin by the dye binding method because there is less interfering substances? Choose one answer. a. bromcresol green b. HABA c. bromcresol purple d. methyl orange - ✔✔c. bromcresol purple Which of the following proteins is a negative acute phase reactant? Choose one answer. a. haptoglobin b. hemopexin c. ceruloplasmin

d. transferrin - ✔✔d. transferrin Which of the following cardiac markers is the most sensitive for the detection of an acute myocardial infarction? Choose one answer. a. CKMB b. LD1/LD2 flip c. troponin d. myoglobin - ✔✔c. troponin Which of the following anticoagulants is acceptable for the measurement of BUN? Choose one answer. a. fluoride b. heparin c. oxalate

d. citrate - ✔✔b. heparin Which of the following analytes must be measured in order to calculate the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)? Choose one answer. a. urine creatinine b. body surface area c. 24 - hour urine volume d. serum creatinine - ✔✔d. serum creatinine Plasma is the specimen of choice for which of the following analytes? Choose one answer. a. creatinine b. ammonia c. blood urea nitrogen

d. uric acid - ✔✔b. ammonia What disease state is associated with an elevation of serum uric acid? Choose one answer. a. gout b. atherosclerosis c. Reye's syndrome d. diabetes - ✔✔a. gout Which one of the following analytes is used as a prognostic indicator for liver failure? Choose one answer. a. uric acid b. cortisol c. blood urea nitrogen

d. ammonia - ✔✔d. ammonia What statement concerning optical density according to Beers law is true? Choose one answer. a. it is directly proportional to the concentration b. it is proportional to the square root of the absorbance c. it is proportional to the square root of the concentration d. it is inversely proportional to the concentration - ✔✔a. it is directly proportional to the concentration What is the light source in atomic absorption spectrophotometry? Choose one answer. a. tungsten b. deuterium c. mercury

d. hollow cathode lamp - ✔✔d. hollow cathode lamp Which analytical method measures the amount of light scattered by the particles in solution at a 90° angle? Choose one answer. a. hydroelectric focusing b. turbidimetry c. chemiluminescence d. nephelometry - ✔✔d. nephelometry Ion-selective electrodes are an example of which of the following electrochemical methods? Choose one answer. a. polarography b. coulometry c. potentiometry

d. amperometry - ✔✔c. potentiometry Acridinium esters are commonly used in which of the following immunoassays? Choose one answer. a. radioimmunoassay b. enzyme immunoassay c. fluorescence immunoassay d. chemiluminenscence immunoassay - ✔✔d. chemiluminenscence immunoassay What element is reduced at the cathode of a Clark electrode? Choose one answer. a. carbon dioxide b. glucose c. oxygen d. potassium - ✔✔c. oxygen

In thin layer chromatography, what is the distance the solute migrates divided by the distance the solvent migrates? Choose one answer. a. Rf b. pKa c. Tm d. Km - ✔✔a. Rf What is the confirmatory method for measuring drugs on abuse using the mass- to-charge ratio? Choose one answer. a. thin layer chromatography b. isoelectric focusing c. serum protein electrophoresis

d. gas chromatography with mass spectroscopy - ✔✔d. gas chromatography with mass spectroscopy What term is used to describe the process of glycogen degradation? Choose one answer. a. glycogenolysis b. glycogenesis c. glycolysis d. gluconeogenesis - ✔✔a. glycogenolysis What hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans decreases glucose? Choose one answer. a. glucagon b. insulin c. epinephrine

d. cortisol - ✔✔b. insulin A 40-year-old male has a random glucose of 270 mg/dL. This laboratory finding is consistent with which of the following conditions? Choose one answer. a. von Gierke disease b. diabetes insipidus c. insulinoma d. diabetes mellitus - ✔✔d. diabetes mellitus Which of the following methods is considered the reference method for measuring glucose due to its increased accuracy and sensitivity? Choose one answer. a. hexokinase b. o-toluidine c. glucose dehydrogenase

d. glucose oxidase - ✔✔a. hexokinase What analyte is used to measure the long term control of a diabetis glucose levels? Choose one answer. a. fasting blood glucose b. glucose tolerance test c. fructosamine d. hemoglobin A1C - ✔✔d. hemoglobin A1C Lipemia is associated with an increased amount of which of the following? Choose one answer. a. LDL cholesterol b. triglycerides c. HDL cholesterol

d. bilirubin - ✔✔b. triglycerides The enzymatic hydrolysis of triglyceride may be accomplished by what enzyme? Choose one answer. a. amylase b. cholesterol esterase c. cholesterol oxidase d. lipase - ✔✔d. lipase Most triglyceride procedures involve the measurement of what end product? Choose one answer. a. lipoprotein b. glycerol c. fatty acids d. phospholipids - ✔✔b. glycerol

Which of the following formulas is used to calculate LDL cholesterol? Choose one answer. a. LDL cholesterol = cholesterol + (triglycerides/5 + HDL cholesterol) b. LDL cholesterol = cholesterol - (triglycerides/5 - HDL cholesterol) c. LDL cholesterol = cholesterol - HDL - (triglycerides/5) d. LDL cholesterol = cholesterol + (triglycerides/5 - HDL cholesterol) - ✔✔c. LDL cholesterol = Total cholesterol - HDL - (triglycerides/5) An elevated concentration of what analyte decreases risk of coronary heart disease? Choose one answer. a. HDL cholesterol b. LDL cholesterol c. triglycerides d. total cholesterol - ✔✔a. HDL cholesterol

Which of the following enzymes is most greatly affected by hemolysis? Choose one answer. a. alanine aminotransferase b. lactate dehydrogenase c. gamma-glutamyltransferase d. amylase - ✔✔b. lactate dehydrogenase What serum enzyme begins to rise 2 to 4 hours, has peak activity occurring 12 to 36 hours, and returns to normal 2 to 4 days after an acute myocardial infarction? Choose one answer. a. aspartate transaminase b. lactate dehydrogenase c. aldolase d. creatine kinase - ✔✔d. creatine kinase

what enzyme is liver specific? Choose one answer. a. alkaline phosphatase b. lactate dehydrogenase c. aspartate transaminase d. alanine transaminase - ✔✔d. alanine transaminase An elevated alkaline phosphatase level in the absence of other elevated liver enzymes is suggestive of which of the following disorders? Choose one answer. a. ectopic pregnancy b. bone disorder c. prostate cancer d. viral hepatitis - ✔✔b. bone disorder

Lipase catalyzes the hydrolysis of what substrate? Choose one answer. a. triglycerides b. starch c. glucose d. glycogen - ✔✔a. triglycerides The mean for the normal glucose control is 76 mg/dL and one standard deviation is 2.3. What is the coefficient of variation? Choose one answer. a. 4.6% b. 2.3% c. 7.6% d. 3.0% - ✔✔d. 3.0%

The mean for the normal glucose control is 76 mg/dL and one standard deviation is 3.0. What are the 95% confidence limits for the glucose control? Choose one answer. a. 73 - 76 b. 70 - 82 c. 67 - 85 d. 64 - 88 - ✔✔b. 70 - 82 What term refers to the lowest detectable amount of an analyte? Choose one answer. a. analytical specificity b. diagnostic specificity c. diagnostic sensitivity d. analytical sensitivity - ✔✔d. analytical sensitivity

A 15-year old male complains of fever, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes and malaise. Laboratory results are positive for both infectious mononucleosis and syphilis. What is the best explanation for the syphilis result? Choose one answer. a. false negative b. false positive c. true negative d. true positive - ✔✔b. false positive It is appropriate to accept the control and report patient results when which of the following Westguard rules is violated? Choose one answer. a. 1 4s b. 1 2s c. 1 3s

d. 2 2s - ✔✔b. 1 2s Overproduction of what hormone results in acromegaly? Choose one answer. a. vasopressin b. growth hormone c. prolactin d. calcitonin - ✔✔b. growth hormone What hormone appears to function solely in the initiation and maintenance of lactation? Choose one answer. a. follicle-stimulating hormone b. estrogen c. prolactin

d. progesterone - ✔✔c. prolactin What hormone acts on the distal convoluted tubules to increase water reabsorption? Choose one answer. a. aldosterone b. antidiuretic hormone c. renin d. erythropoietin - ✔✔b. antidiuretic hormone What is the hormone that controls the reabsorption of sodium in the kidney? Choose one answer. a. antidiuretic hormone b. aldosterone c. vasopressin

d. secretin - ✔✔b. aldosterone Which of the following hormones is synthesized from cholesterol? Choose one answer. a. estrogen b. secretin c. gastrin d. dopamine - ✔✔a. estrogen Which of the following best defines pH? Choose one answer. a. pH = log [H+] b. pH = - log [H+] c. pH = - log/[OH-] d. pH = log /[OH-] - ✔✔b. pH = - log [H+]

How is metabolic acidosis defined? Choose one answer. a. increased pH, decreased bicarbonate b. decreased pH, decreased bicarbonate c. decreased pH, increased bicarbonate d. increased pH, increased bicarbonate - ✔✔b. decreased pH, decreased bicarbonate How is respiratory acidosis defined? Choose one answer. a. decreased pH, decreased pCO2 b. decreased pH, increased pCO2 c. increased pH, increased pCO2 d. increased pH, decreased pCO2 - ✔✔b. decreased pH, increased pCO2

A 19-year-old female is admitted with the following laboratory results Glucose 750 mg/dl Potassium 6.0 mmoles/L Carbon dioxide 7.0 mmoles/L An arterial blood gas from this patient would most likely show? Choose one answer. a. respiratory acidosis b. metabolic acidosis c. metabolic alkalosis d. respiratory alkalosis - ✔✔b. metabolic acidosis What results are consistent with compensated metabolic alkalosis? Choose one answer. a. increased pH, decreased CO2, decreased HCO3-

b. increased pH, decreased CO2, increased HCO3- c. increased pH, increased CO2, decreased HCO3- d. increased pH, increased CO2, increased HCO3- - ✔✔d. increased pH, increased CO2, increased HCO3- All of the following hormones regulate calcium levels EXCEPT which one? Choose one answer. a. aldosterone b. parathyroid hormone c. vitamin D d. calcitonin - ✔✔a. aldosterone Which of the following specimens is acceptable for the determination of total calcium? Choose one answer. a. oxalated plasma