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Healthcare Terminology and Concepts, Exams of Medicine

A comprehensive list of medical terms and concepts related to healthcare, including anatomy, physiology, diseases, treatments, and care practices. It covers a wide range of topics such as body mechanics, body language, infections, and nursing care. This resource is valuable for students, healthcare professionals, and lifelong learners seeking to expand their knowledge in healthcare.

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Available from 05/17/2024

franktutor
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Download Healthcare Terminology and Concepts and more Exams Medicine in PDF only on Docsity! CNA KEY TERMS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. abduction - \Moving a body part away from the midline of the body abuse - \The intentional mistreatment or harm of another person acetone - \A substance that appears in urine from the rapid breakdown of fat for energy; ketone body or ketone active physical restraint - \A restraint attached to the person's body and to a fixed (non-movable object; it restricts movement or body access activities of daily living (ADL) - \The activities usually done during a normal day in a person's life adduction - \Moving a body part toward the midline of the body advance directive - \A document stating a person's wishes about health care when that person cannot make his or her own decisions alopecia - \Hair loss ambulation - \The act of walking anorexia - \The loss of appetite anxiety - \A vague, uneasy feeling in response to stress aphasia - \The inability to speak apnea - \The lack or absence of breathing arthroplasty - \The surgical replacement of a joint asepsis - \Being free of disease-producing microbes aspiration - \Breathing fluid or an object into the lungs assault - \Intentionally attempting or threatening to touch a person's body without the person's consent assisted living facility - \Provides housing, support services, and health care to persons needing help with daily activities atrophy - \The decrease in size or a wasting away of tissue base of support - \The area on which an object rests battery - \Touching a person's body without his or her consent bedsore - \A pressure ulcer, pressure sore, or decubitus ulcer benign tumor - \A tumor that grows slowly and within a local area biohazardous waste - \Items contaminated with blood, body fluids, secretions, or excretions; bio means life, and hazardous means dangerous or harmful blood pressure - \The amount of force exerted against the walls of an artery by the blood board and care home - \Provides a room, meals, laundry, and supervision; residential care facility body alignment - \The way the head, trunk, arms, and legs are aligned with one another; posture culture - \The characteristics of a group of people-- language, values, beliefs, habits, likes, dislikes, customs-- passed from one generation to the next dandruff - \Excessive amount of dry, white flakes from the scalp decubitus ulcer - \A pressure ulcer, pressure sore, or bedsore defamation - \Injuring a person's name and reputation by making false statements to a third person defecation - \The process of excreting feces from the rectum through the anus; bowel movement dehydration - \A decrease in the amount of water in body tissues delegate - \To authorize another person to perform a task delirium - \A state of temporary but acute mental confusion delusion - \A false belief dementia - \The loss of cognitive function and social function caused by changes in the brain development - \Changes in mental, emotional, and social function developmental task - \A skill that must be completed during a stage of development; a stage cannot be skipped diarrhea - \The frequent passage of liquid stools diastolic pressure - \The pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest digestion - \The process of physically and chemically breaking down food so that it can be absorbed for use by the cells; starts in the mouth dilate - \To expand or open wider disability - \Any lost, absent, or impaired physical or mental function disaster - \A sudden catastrophic event in which people are injured and killed and property is destroyed disinfection - \The process of destroying pathogens dorsal recumbent position - \The back-lying or supine position dorsiflexion - \Bending the toes and foot up at the ankle dysphagia - \Difficulty swallowing dyspnea - \Difficult, labored, or painful breathing dysuria - \Painful or difficult urination edema - \The swelling of body tissues with water enema - \The introduction of fluid into the rectum and lower colon enteral nutrition - \Giving nutrients through the gastrointestinal tract ethics - \Knowledge of what is right conduct and wrong conduct extension - \Straightening a body part external rotation - \Turning the joint outward fainting - \The sudden loss of consciousness from an inadequate blood supply to the brain false imprisonment - \Unlawful restraint or restriction of a person's freedom of movement fecal impaction - \The prolonged retention and buildup of feces in the rectum fecal incontinence - \The inability to control the passage of feces and gas through the anus feces - \The semi-solid mass of waste products in the colon that are expelled through the anus fever - \Elevated body temperature flatulence - \The excessive formation of gas in the stomach and intestines flatus - \Gas or air passed through the anus flexion - \Bending a body part flow rate - \The number of drops per minute (gtt/min) footdrop - \The foot falls down at the ankle; permanent plantar flexion Fowler's position - \A semi-sitting position; the head of the bed is raised between 45 and 60 degrees. For good alignment: Keep spine straight, Support head and arms with pillows fracture - \A broken bone fraud - \Saying or doing something to trick, fool, or deceive a person insomnia - \A chronic condition in which the person cannot sleep or stay asleep all night internal rotation - \Turning the joint inward intravenous (IV) therapy - \Giving fluids through a needle or catheter inserted into a vein; IV and IV infusion invasion of privacy - \When a person's name, picture, or proivate affairs are exposed or made public without consent job description - \A list of responsibilities and functions the agency expects you to perform ketone - \Acetone; ketone body ketone body - \Acetone; ketone lateral position - \The side-lying position. Good body alignment: Bed is flat; Pillow is under the head and neck; Upper leg is in front of lower leg; ankle, upper leg, and thigh are supported with pillows; Pillow is positioned against person's back; Pillow is under the upper hand and arm law - \A rule of conduct made by a government libel - \Making false statements in print, writing, or through pictures or drawings licensed practical nurse (LPN) - \A nurse who has completed a 1-year nursing program and has passed a licensing test; called licensed vocational nurse (LVN) in some states licensed vocational nurse (LVN) - \Licensed practical nurse logrolling - \Turning the person as a unit, in alignment, with one motion malignant tumor - \A tumor that grows fast and invades other tissues; cancer malpractice - \Negligence by a professional person medical asepsis - \Practices used to remove or destroy pathogens and to prevent their spread from one person or place to another person or place; clean technique medical record - \A written account of a person's condition and response to treatment and care; chart menopause - \The time when menstruation stops and menstrual cycles end metabolism - \The burning of food for heat and energy by the cells metastasis - \The spread of cancer to other body parts microbe - \A microorganism microorganism - \A small living plant or animal seen only with a microscope; a microbe need - \Something necessary or desired for maintaining life and mental well-being neglect - \Failure to provide the person with goods or services needed to avoid physical harm, mental anguish, or mental illness negligence - \An unintentional wrong in which a person did not act in a reasonable and careful manner and causes harm to a person or property nocturia - \Frequent urination at night non-pathogen - \A microbe that does not usually cause and infection nonverbal communication - \Communication that does not use words nursing assistant - \A person who gives basic nursing care under the supervision of a licensed nurse nursing care plan - \A written guide about the person's care nursing center - \Provides health care services to persons who need regular or continuous care; nursing home or nursing facility nursing home - \Nursing center or nursing facility nursing facility (NF) - \Nursing center or nursing home nursing process - \The method RN's use to plan and deliver nursing care; its five steps are Assessment, Nursing diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, & Evaluation nursing team - \RNs, LPNs/LVNs, and nursing assistants nutrient - \A substance that is ingested, digested, absorbed, and used by the body nutrition - \The processes involved in the ingestion, digestion, absorption, and use of foods and fluids by the body objective data - \Information that is seen, heard, felt, or smelled: Signs observation - \Using the senses of sight, hearing, touch, and smell to collect information old - \Between 75 and 84 years of age old-old - \85 years of age and older oliguria - \Scant amount of urine; less than 500 ml in 24 hours ombudsman - prosthesis - \An artificial replacement for a missing body part pseudodementia - \False dementia pulse - \The beat of the heart felt at an artery as a wave of blood passes through the artery pulse rate - \The number of heartbeats or pulses felt in 1 minute quadriplegia - \Paralysis from the neck down; cervical injuries are the cause range of motion (ROM) - \The movement of a joint to the extent possible without causing pain recording - \The written account of care and observations; charting reflex incontinence - \The loss of urine at predictable intervals when the bladder is full registered nurse (RN) - \A nurse who has completed a 2-,3-, or 4-year nursing program and has passed a licensing test regurgitation - \The backward flow of food from the stomach into the mouth rehabilitation - \The process of restoring the person to his or her highest possible level of physical, psychological, social, and economic function reincarnation - \The belief that the spirit or soul is reborn in another human body or in another form of life religion - \Spiritual beliefs, needs, and practices reporting - \The oral account of care and observations residential care facility - \A board and care home respiration - \The process of supplying the cells with oxygen and removing carbon dioxide from them; breathing air into (inhalation) and out of (exhalation) the lungs respiratory arrest - \Breathing stops but heart action continues for several minutes restorative aide - \A nursing assistant with special training in restorative nursing and rehabilitation skills restorative nursing care - \Care that helps persons regain their health, strength, and independence restraint - \Any item, object, device, garment, material, or drug that limits or restricts a person's freedom of movement or access to one's body reverse Trendelenburg's position - \The head of the bed is raised, and the foot of the bed is lowered rigor mortis - \The stiffness or rigidity of skeletal muscles that occurs after death rotation - \Turning the joint seizure - \Violent and sudden contractions or tremors of muscle groups; convulsion semi-Fowler's position - \The head of the bed is raised 30 degrees; or the head of the bed is raised 30 degrees and the knee portion is raised 15 degrees semi-prone side position - \Sims' position sexuality - \The physical, psychological, social, cultural, and spiritual factors that affect a person's feelings and attitudes about his or her sex shearing - \When skin sticks to a surface while the muscles slide in the direction the body is moving shock - \Results when organs and tissues do not get enough blood side-lying position - \The lateral position signs - \Objective data Sims' position - \A left side-lying position in which the upper leg is sharply flexed so it is not on the lower leg and the lower arm is behind the person: semi-prone side position. Good alignment: Bed is flat; Pillow is under person's head & shoulder; Support upper leg with pillow; Place pillow under upper arm and hand skilled nursing facility (SNF) - \A nursing center that provides complex care for persons with severe health problems skin tear - \A break or rip in the skin; the epidermis (top skin layer) separates from the underlying tissues slander - \Making false statements orally sleep deprivation - \The amount and quality of sleep are decreased sleepwalking - \The sleeping person leaves the bed and walks about sputum - \Mucus from the respiratory system that is expelled (expectorated) through the mouth sterile - \The absence of ALL microbes sterilization - \The process of destroying ALL microbes stoma - \An opening; see colostomy and ileostomy stool - \Excreted feces