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CNPR Exam Questions & Answers LATEST UPDATED 2023/2024., Exams of Nursing

CNPR Exam Questions & Answers LATEST UPDATED 2023/2024.

Typology: Exams

2022/2023

Available from 12/22/2023

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Download CNPR Exam Questions & Answers LATEST UPDATED 2023/2024. and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! NAPSR- PHARMACEUTICAL SALES TRAINING EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS Guarnteed A+ ๏ƒ˜ ______ are arguably the most socially important healthcare products - answers pharmaceuticals ๏ƒ˜ pharmaceutical development - answers is a high risk undertaking, many promising leads prove dissapointing ๏ƒ˜ pharmaceuticals - answers medicines and vaccines for human and animal use (brand name or generic, prescription or OTC) ๏ƒ˜ diagnostic - answers equipment and supplies used in screening, detecting, and monitoring disease. (ranges from home testing kits to sophisticated diagnostic imaging technologies) ๏ƒ˜ primary care (checkups and general health issues) - answers - OBGYN ๏ƒ˜ -family/general practitioners ๏ƒ˜ -internists ๏ƒ˜ secondary care (specialized outpatient consults) - answers specialists ๏ƒ˜ tertiary care (inpatient) - answers -community hospitals ๏ƒ˜ -academic medical centers ๏ƒ˜ -skilled nursing facilities ๏ƒ˜ end-stage care - answers -skilled nursing facilities ๏ƒ˜ -hospitals ๏ƒ˜ -hospices ๏ƒ˜ Pharmaceutical sales are highest in which geographical regions? - answers US ๏ƒ˜ Western Europe ๏ƒ˜ Japan ๏ƒ˜ The U.S. accounts for about _____ of the worlds pharmaceutical revenues? - answers 50% ๏ƒ˜ what has fueled recent growth in the pharmaceutical industry? - answers population growth and increased life expectancies ๏ƒ˜ According to your manual, what accurately described the predicted relationship between pharmaceutical companies and genomic research facilities? - answers partnerships between pharmaceutical companies and genomic companies will not prove immediately profitable ๏ƒ˜ _________ is cost effective for insurance companies and healthcare ๏ƒ˜ reasons for growth in direct-to- consumer advertising - answers 1. FDA eased regulations ๏ƒ˜ 2. patients wanting to be more involved in their decisions thus being more receptive ๏ƒ˜ 3. publics increasing health/medical literacy ๏ƒ˜ 4. physicians inc in willingness to prescribe patients requests for specific drugs ๏ƒ˜ headquarters - answers executive level sales managers & support staff ๏ƒ˜ house product managers who are part of companies marketing dept ๏ƒ˜ regions - answers divide country into 4-10 geographic regions ๏ƒ˜ northwest, midwest, etc ๏ƒ˜ districts - answers each region has several districts that are supervised by district manager ๏ƒ˜ territories - answers each district includes 8-12 territories ๏ƒ˜ staffed by territory reps ๏ƒ˜ what influences the number of districts in a region? - answers regions population ๏ƒ˜ what is an example of the regionalization of healthcare delivery systems? - answers California and Florida have different prescription reimbursement policies ๏ƒ˜ territory representative (professional sales rep) - answers the heart of pharmaceutical sales team ๏ƒ˜ where do pharmaceutical reps visit? - answers physicians ๏ƒ˜ clinics ๏ƒ˜ hospitals ๏ƒ˜ pharmacists ๏ƒ˜ It usually only takes 1-2 calls to a physician before he or she commits to prescribing your product. (T/F) - answers FALSE ๏ƒ˜ it takes many calls ๏ƒ˜ can a pharmacist dispense a product other than what the physician prescribed? - answers YES ๏ƒ˜ they can substutie a generic ๏ƒ˜ or the pharmacist can call the physician and request permission to dispense a different medication ๏ƒ˜ according to chapter 12 (2?) of your manual , which would be classify as "payers" - answers employers ๏ƒ˜ according to your manual what defines "ethical pharmaceutical companies"? - answers researching and developing novel drugs ๏ƒ˜ medical library - answers One of the oldest methods of acquiring medical information, most hospitals or clinics will have a library where current information will be available ๏ƒ˜ medical journal - answers provide current perspectives from leading experts on various disease and treatment options ๏ƒ˜ responsible for outreach to large corporate accounts and managed care organizations ๏ƒ˜ One of the most significant results of the industrys continued invest in R&D is the - answers large number of new drugs approved and in development ๏ƒ˜ new drugs in development - answers - 1 to treat hypospjtasisa ๏ƒ˜ -several to treat Lou Gehrig's disease ๏ƒ˜ -125 for Alzhiemers ๏ƒ˜ -3070 for cancer ๏ƒ˜ -281 for diabetes ๏ƒ˜ -185 for HIV/AIDS ๏ƒ˜ thanks to modern medicine, how long are people newly diagnosed with HIV expected to live? - answers another 50 years ๏ƒ˜ how much has the average American lifespan increased since 1890? - answers almost 30 years ๏ƒ˜ approvable letter - answers letters sent by the FDA to the applicant indicating weather the new drug application for a product meets requirements ๏ƒ˜ asymptomatic - answers without signs or symptoms ๏ƒ˜ blinded or masked study - answers participants don't know if they are in experimental or control group ๏ƒ˜ those in experimental group get medications/treatments being tested ๏ƒ˜ control group gets standard or no treatment is ethical and that the rights of participation are protected ๏ƒ˜ off label - answers usage of medication for purposes other than the specific ones appearing in the labeling ๏ƒ˜ placebo - answers inative pill that has no treatment value ๏ƒ˜ in experiments, treatments are compared with placebos to asses treatments effect ๏ƒ˜ placebo effect - answers effect produced by the placebo due to the expectations of the patient. ๏ƒ˜ measured by comparing effects of patient reciving placebo and that receiving treatment ๏ƒ˜ study protocol - answers general design and operating features of a trial. ๏ƒ˜ distinguished from the study manual of operations by its generality and absence of specific details needed for day to day execution of the trial ๏ƒ˜ toxicity - answers the extent, quality, or degree to which a substance is poisonous or harmful to the body ๏ƒ˜ treatment group - answers a group of patients assigned to receive a specified treatment ๏ƒ˜ what is the main difference between a blinded and double- blinded study? - answers in a double blinded study neither the staff nor ๏ƒ˜ drug distribution and elimination - answers drug delivery systems, route of administration, modes of excretion ๏ƒ˜ chemical name - answers describes the atomic or molecular structure of the drug ๏ƒ˜ generic name - answers since chemical name is too complex and official assigns a generic name ๏ƒ˜ trade name - answers chosen by pharmaceutical company that manufactures/distributes the drug ๏ƒ˜ drug - answers any substance that proceeds a physical or psychological change in the body ๏ƒ˜ cell membrane - answers all cells are wrapped in a semi-permeable membrane that protects them from outside elements and distinguishes them from their surrou ๏ƒ˜ cell membrane receptors - answers specific molecules on the cell membrane surface that produce/block biological activity in the presence3 of specific substances to which they bind ๏ƒ˜ the nucleus - answers brain of the cell that regulates all activities ๏ƒ˜ some cells don't have one ๏ƒ˜ cytoplasm/protoplasm - answers substance inside the outer memebrane and outside of the nucleus ๏ƒ˜ contains most of the intracellular fluid and out of the brain, nerves, and spinal cord ๏ƒ˜ organs - answers specialized cells are tissues grouped together to perform a specific body function for a common purpose ๏ƒ˜ plasma - answers liquid portion of the blood ๏ƒ˜ proteins - answers made up of chains of amino acids ๏ƒ˜ fats - answers stored in special body tissues as a great source of reserve energy ๏ƒ˜ necessary for growth and other body functions like absorption of some vitamins ๏ƒ˜ carbohydrates - answers the body immediate source of energy ๏ƒ˜ broken down into glucose and used for immediate metabolic reactions ๏ƒ˜ vitamins - answers substances necessary for growth, development, and normal regulation of metabolic processes ๏ƒ˜ taken in from outside body ๏ƒ˜ minerals - answers substances necessary for bodily processes such as the balance of body fluids, formation/maintence of bones and teeth, proper functioning of muscles ๏ƒ˜ main ones are calcium, potassium, iron, sodium, phosphorus, iodine and almost immediately into the bloodstream ๏ƒ˜ the rights of drug administration - answers the right patient, the right drug, and the right dose, right route, right time ๏ƒ˜ pro-drugs - answers admistired in an inactive form, which is metabolized into an active form ๏ƒ˜ the resulting metabolites produce the desired therapeutic effects ๏ƒ˜ The kidney of an 85-year-old person excretes drugs only _____ as efficiently as that of a 35-year-old person. - answers around 50% ๏ƒ˜ the normal age-related decrease in kidney function can help doctors determine an appropriate dosage based solely on a persons age (T/F) - answers TRUE ๏ƒ˜ what differentiates a caplet from a tablet? - answers Caplets are shaped like capsules and have film coatings to aid in swallowing. ๏ƒ˜ where will you find the legend "caution: Federal law prohibits dispensing without a prescription"? - answers on the label of all perscription drugs ๏ƒ˜ what happens in slow acetylators? - answers drugs that are metabolized by N-acetyl transferese tend to reach higher blood levels and remain in the body longer ๏ƒ˜ about ____ of the people in the US are "slow acetylators" - answers 50% ๏ƒ˜ it would be aimed precisely at a disease site ๏ƒ˜ it would not harm any healthy tissues ๏ƒ˜ which statement accurately differentiates resistance from tolerance? - answers tolerance refers to a persons diminished response to a drug after repeated use ๏ƒ˜ resistance applies to microorganisms or "cancel" cells abilities to withstand drug effects ๏ƒ˜ between _____ and ____ of hospital admissions in the US are estimated to be for treatment of adverse drug reactions - answers 3% and 7% ๏ƒ˜ which statment is true about the universal scale for quantifying the severity of an adverse drug reaction? - answers none are true because there is no such scale ๏ƒ˜ Why is noncompliance a serious public health concern? - answers it increases the cost of medical care ๏ƒ˜ which of the following are eligible for patent protection under US regulations? - answers the drug itself ๏ƒ˜ the method of delivering and releasing the drug into the bloodstream ๏ƒ˜ the way the drug is made ๏ƒ˜ drugs' trade names are often unrelated to their intended use (T/F) - answers TRUE ๏ƒ˜ What cements the active and inert components together to maintain cohesive portions? - answers binders ๏ƒ˜ what does the medical abbreviation "BID" denote? - answers twice a day ๏ƒ˜ what is the medical abbreviation for "as needed" - answers PRN ๏ƒ˜ which components might cause patients different reactions to brand name and generic drugs? - answers differences in inactive ingredients ๏ƒ˜ what influences drug response? - answers the patents genetic makeup, are, size, use of other drugs/supplements ๏ƒ˜ patients other conditions or diseases ๏ƒ˜ whether or not the patient takes the drug properly ๏ƒ˜ drug reactions are predictable because they do not occur after a person has been previously exposed to the drug one of more times without any allergic reactions (T/F) - answers FALSE ๏ƒ˜ what is the typical relationship between a drugs site of administration and site of action? - answers they are usually somewhat removed from each other ๏ƒ˜ what is CMAX? - answers the peak plasma concentration on a measuring curve ๏ƒ˜ main concepts in clinical pharmacology - answers drug distribution and elimination ๏ƒ˜ who is normally responsible for selling to distributors? - answers NAMs ๏ƒ˜ national account managers ๏ƒ˜ How often do secondary drug wholesale distributors buy their drugs directly from manufactures? - answers sometimes ๏ƒ˜ By FDA law, large chain pharmacies are not allowed to buy directly from drug manufactures. (T/F) - answers FALSE- they can buy directly from drug manufactures ๏ƒ˜ Only 3 companies account for nearly 90% of all drug wholesale sales. - answers TRUE ๏ƒ˜ cardinal health, McKesson HBOC, AmerisourceBergen ๏ƒ˜ what type of sale bypasses the need for intermediary distributors? - answers manufacturer-direct sales ๏ƒ˜ what is a group purchasing organization (GPO)? - answers an entity consisting of two or more hospitals or other health care entities that negotiates contracts on behalf of its members ๏ƒ˜ Prescriptions dispensed by mail- order pharmacies are, on average, around ____________ than those dispensed by retail pharmacies. - answers 3 times larger ๏ƒ˜ types of non-stock sale - answers brokerage sales ๏ƒ˜ dock-to-dock sales ๏ƒ˜ drop shipments ๏ƒ˜ what differentiates exclusivity from a patent? - answers exclusivity is only granted upon the drug's FDA approval ๏ƒ˜ what is required of an invention for it to be worthy of patent protection? - answers it must be novel, useful, and not obvious ๏ƒ˜ a generic drug is _____ to the originator brand-name drug in dosage, strength, safety, and quality - answers bioequlivant ๏ƒ˜ which is required by the FDA's criteria for Equivalency? - answers the drugs are adequately labeled ๏ƒ˜ the drugs contain identical amounts of the same active ingredients ๏ƒ˜ the drugs involve the same dosage form and route of administration ๏ƒ˜ what is generally considered the most reliable source of information on therapeutically equlivant drug products? - answers approved drug products with therapeutic equlivance ๏ƒ˜ what is an orange box rating - answers AA ๏ƒ˜ what is the term for chemical equlivants which, when administered in the same amounts, will provide the same biological or physiological availability as measured by blood and urine levels? - answers biological equivalents ๏ƒ˜ what term denotes a drug that is identical or bio equivalent to the originator brand-name drug in dosage form, safety, strength, route, quality, left and obtain a signature for that amount (T/F) - answers TRUE ๏ƒ˜ what is prohibited by section 503 of the federal food, drug, and cosmetic act, as amended by the perscription drug marketing act? - answers the sale, purchase, or trade or offer to sell, purchase, or trade perscription drug samples ๏ƒ˜ the federal government does not regulate the drug sampling for a pharamceutical rep (t/f) - answers FALSE ๏ƒ˜ which of the following is permitted by section 503 of the federal food, drug, and cosmetic act? - answers none of these ๏ƒ˜ which entity issues monographs that define how drugs should be stored, and what variance is allowed in their stated contents? - answers united states pharmacopoeial convention ๏ƒ˜ storage conditions for drug products are based on information supplied by the manufacturer (T/F) - answers TRUE ๏ƒ˜ medications are usually unaffected by changes in temperature, light, humidity, and other environmental factors - answers FALSE ๏ƒ˜ In which cases can degraded drugs SOMETIMES still be used? - answers when the amount of remianing drug has not fallen lower than 85-90% of that stated on the label ๏ƒ˜ drug recalls are almost always negotiatied with the FDA beforehand (T/F) - answers TRUE available sooner to patients. (T/F) - answers TRUE ๏ƒ˜ which of the following regulatory agencies is industry-based (i.e., run mainly by the companies themselves)? - answers pharmaceutical research and manufactureres of america (PhRMA) ๏ƒ˜ according to your manal, which tyoe of system is the best way to deliver healthcare? - answers a market-based system ๏ƒ˜ how would increase increased pharmaceutical price controls affect the U.S. healthcare system? - answers increased price controls would stifle innovation ๏ƒ˜ which of the following invests a greater percentage of sales in research than the biotech sector? - answers none of these ๏ƒ˜ what was the intent of the Bayh- Dole Act and the Stevenson-Wydler technology innovation act? - answers to hasten the commericialization of technologies that otherwise might not be used ๏ƒ˜ according to your manual, what did the G10 medicines group recently report about the pharmaceutical industry in the European union? - answers there is poor collaboration between publicly and privatley funded research centers ๏ƒ˜ The aim of preclinical pharmacological studies is to obtain data on the safety and effectiveness of the lead compound. (T/F) - answers TRUE liver? - answers intravenous administration ๏ƒ˜ transdermal adminstiaation ๏ƒ˜ DOES NOT: rectal administration ๏ƒ˜ Why are intravenous drug dosages easier to control than drugs administered transdermally? - answers the entire dose is available in the bloodstream to be distributed to the target site ๏ƒ˜ which of the following affects a drugs distribution to its target tissues? - answers the drugs lipid- solubility ๏ƒ˜ the drugs polarity ๏ƒ˜ the vascular nature of the drugs target tissue ๏ƒ˜ which of these medical terms means "to apply the drug on the skin surface"? - answers transdermal ๏ƒ˜ Carcinogenicity studies are carried out to identify the tumor-causing potential of a drug. (T/F) - answers TRUE ๏ƒ˜ According to NIH ethical guidelines, which of the following is the most important criteria in selecting subjects for clinical studies? - answers scientific objectives ๏ƒ˜ which statement about the IRB is correct - answers the investigator must inform the IRB/IEC of any changes in the research activity to find exposure to risk factors? - answers case-control study ๏ƒ˜ which measure of central tendency is the sum of all observations divided by the number of observations? - answers mean ๏ƒ˜ which measurements describes the number of new events that occur during a specified period of time in a population at risk for the event (e.g., lung infections per year) - answers incidence ๏ƒ˜ which of the following measures is used to describe the variability of the population mean? - answers standard error of the mean ๏ƒ˜ which of the following terms denotes the extent to which a test actually measures what it is supposed to be measuring, or what we think it is measuring? - answers validity ๏ƒ˜ what are the Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards analysis? - answers moths of survival analysis ๏ƒ˜ what section of a clinical paper describes subjects' entry and exclusion criteria? - answers methods ๏ƒ˜ which document sets out how a trial is to be conducted (i.e., the study's general design and operating features)? - answers protocol ๏ƒ˜ when designing and performing clinical trials, several ethical constraints must be considered. which of the following are these ethical constraints? - answers independent review ๏ƒ˜ vaccines are types of "small molecule" drugs ๏ƒ˜ what is an advantage of attenuated vaccines over inactivated vaccines? - answers attenuated vaccines are less expensive to prepare ๏ƒ˜ how are toxoids derived? - answers from the toxins secreted by a pathogen ๏ƒ˜ what is the estimated annual death toll for malaria? - answers 1.5 to 3.5 million people ๏ƒ˜ there are more white blood cells than red blood cells for the same volume in the human body (T/F) - answers FALSE ๏ƒ˜ How was insulin primarily obtained from the 1930s to the 1980s? - answers porcine and bovine extracts ๏ƒ˜ types of cytokines - answers interferons ๏ƒ˜ interleukins ๏ƒ˜ monotones ๏ƒ˜ type of hormones - answers amino acid derivatives ๏ƒ˜ polypeptides ๏ƒ˜ steroids ๏ƒ˜ which of the following is a basic gene therapy technique? - answers in vitro, in which patients genetically faulted tissues are removed, loaded ๏ƒ˜ Effective drug therapy is a cost- effective and highly valuable means of controlling total healthcare expenditures and improving quality of life. (T/F) - answers TRUE ๏ƒ˜ drug utilization review (DUR) programs.... - answers have traditionally been used to ensure the appropriate, safe, and effective use of prescription drugs, but are increasingly shifting their focus to minimizing costs. ๏ƒ˜ DUR programs involve retrospective monitoring of physicians' prescribing patterns. (T/F) - answers TRUE ๏ƒ˜ a formulary is a list of prescription drugs approved by insurance coverage (T/F) - answers TRUE ๏ƒ˜ the history of drug formularies in the U.S. extends back to - answers the American revolution ๏ƒ˜ Types of formularies? - answers closed three-tier formulary in which generic drugs are listed on tier 1 ๏ƒ˜ a five tier formulary that is supplemented by a step therapy program ๏ƒ˜ an open formulary that places few restrictions on coverage access ๏ƒ˜ recent formulary trends - answers multi-tier strategies ๏ƒ˜ prior authorization ๏ƒ˜ step therapy organization, or a point-of-service plan. (T/F) - answers FALSE ๏ƒ˜ pharmaceutical companies are more interested in acquiring and exploring another brands than in acquiring another R&D and sales and marketing assets (T/F) - answers FALSE ๏ƒ˜ ideally, when should brand strategy development for a new drug begin? - answers during phase II clinical trials ๏ƒ˜ which of the following is an example of an "expressive" value? - answers "I own a BMW because I want people to know that I'm a serious driving enthusiast" ๏ƒ˜ according to your manual, which of the following is an example of a "functional" value? - answers convenience ๏ƒ˜ efficacy ๏ƒ˜ safety ๏ƒ˜ NOT: uniqueness ๏ƒ˜ It is rare for pharmaceutical companies to explore, develop and promote expressive values with which patients might identify (T/F) - answers TRUE ๏ƒ˜ To be competitive, pharmaceutical brands must be distinctive. They must possess defining characteristics that are perceived by customers to be unique, attractive and relevant to their needs. (T/F) - answers TRUE