Complementary and Alternative Therapies: Exploring the Holistic Approach to Healthcare, Exams of Pharmacognosy

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COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTENATIVE THERAPIES/

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Complementary therapies - ANSWER Therapies used in ADDITION to convential treatment recommended by the persons health care provider What does complementary therapies include? - ANSWER Exercise, massage, reflexology, prayer, biofeedback, creative therapies, guided imagery, acupuncture, relaxation strategies, chiropractic therapy, therapeutic touch, and herbalism. Alternative therapies - ANSWER May include the same interventions as complementary therapy, but frequently become the PRIMARY treatment modality that replaces traditional or convential medicine. Therapies contrasted - ANSWER Allopathic (traditional) medicine- HCP prescripes analgesic for back pain. Complementary- Patient takes prescribed analgesic, and sees a chiropractor for back pain. Alternative- patient declines analgesic and sees chiropractor as primary source for pain relief About ____ of all health care consumers in US take form of alternative medicine - ANSWER 1/ What 2 therapies may interfere with one another and pose a risk of serious interactions - ANSWER Allopathic and alternative What does holistic nursing address and treat? - ANSWER Mind-body-spirit of the patient What are holistic nursing interventions? - ANSWER Effective, economical, noninvasive, nonpharmalogic complements to medical care

Examples of holistic nursing interventions - ANSWER Relaxation therapy, guided imagery, music therapy, simple touch, massage, and prayer. How do herbs vary from pharmaceuticals - ANSWER Usually use the whole plant, one herb may be used for a variety of purposes and is usually gentler than pharmaceuticals, pharmaceuticals that are derived frol herbs separate the active ingredients and use only that part thereby being stronger, herb manufactuers are not held to the same stringent standards as are manufacturers of pharmaceuticals "Natural" does not equal - ANSWER Safe What is the goal of herbal therapy? - ANSWER To restore balance within the individual by facilitating the persons self healing capacity How are tinctures made? - ANSWER By placing herbs in alcohol or vinegar and allowed to sit until the liquid absorbs the properties of the herb. The liquid is then strained and used Chiropractic therapy - ANSWER Manipulation of the muscoskeletal system What medicine is ginseng likely to interfere with? - ANSWER Digoxin When should use of St. John's wort be avoided - ANSWER When patient is on antidepressants Acupuncture - ANSWER A method of stimulating certain points on the body by the insertion of special needles to modify the perception of pain, normalize physiologic function or treat/prevent disease How long are the needles in place during acupuncture? - ANSWER Usually 20 minutes Acupressure - ANSWER Involves the use of gentle pressure at certain points on the body. Pressure may be applies with finger or a small blunt object

What is acupressure primarily used for - ANSWER The prevention and relief of symptoms of muscle tension What is acupressure based on? - ANSWER The belief that there is a form of energy or Qi (life force) that flows through the body along meridians (channels of energy) Health care providers of Chinese medicine usually use what as primary source of treatment? - ANSWER Acupuncture Therapeutic massage - ANSWER Massage performed by trained professionala manipulates the soft tissue of the body and assists with healing What kind of environment should a therapeutic massage be performed in - ANSWER Warm and relaxing What should be reviewed prior to initial therapeutic massage? - ANSWER Health profile How long do therapeutic massages usually last - ANSWER 1 hour Aromatherapy - ANSWER Pure essential oils produced from plants used for health benefits (can be used for inhalation or applied topically {to the skin} ) Reflexology - ANSWER Based on the premise that there are zones and reflexes in different parts of the body that correspond to and are relative to all parts, glands, and organs of the entire body (relaxes body and removes stress) What does reflexology assist the body in - ANSWER Normalizing metabolism naturally Four main benefits of reflexology - ANSWER 1. Relaxation with the removal of stress 2. Enhanced circulation 3. Assisting body to normalize metabolism naturally 4. Complementing all other healing modalities

Magnet therapy - ANSWER Thought to increase circulation to the affected area and to promote healing as well as stimulate accupuncture points Common responses to magnet therapy - ANSWER Vasodilation, analgesic action, antiinflammatory, action, spasmolytic activity, healing acceleration, and antiedema activity. Contraindications of magnet therapy - ANSWER Pregnancy, pace makers, insulin delivery systems, cochlear implants, and defibrillators Guided imagery - ANSWER Uses the conscious mind to create mental image to evoke physical changes in the body (your happy place) Relaxation therapy - ANSWER State of generalized decreased cognitive, physiologic, or behavioral arousal. Elongates muscle fibers, reduces the neural impulses. Animal assisted therapy - ANSWER 1994 - 1st time used in US. Dogs are used more than cats Yoga - ANSWER The joining of the mind, body, and spirit to enrich the quality of ones life and to enhance ones health T'ai Chi / Taji - ANSWER Fusion of martial arts and daoist philisophical concepts Yin and yang Benefits balance, leg strength, cardiorespiratory function, ROM, And arthritis Biofeedback - ANSWER Measures specific body functions Chamomile - ANSWER Used for pain, GI spasms, stress, insomnia

Eucalyptus - ANSWER Used for respiratory problems Lavender - ANSWER Used for insomnia, stress, and depression Lemon - ANSWER Colds and flu, mental stimulation, diuretic (helps get rid of excess water), antiinflammatory Peppermint - ANSWER Acne, stomach upset, general stimulant Rosemary - ANSWER Mental stimulant, stress reliever, circulatory problems. Myalgias, neuralgia, pruritus, and migraines Tea tree - ANSWER Antiseptic, skin irritations, viral illness, respiratoy infections Valerian - ANSWER Insomnia, hyperactivity, stress, anxiety (can be addictive) Asian ginseng - ANSWER Patients taking anticoagulants should avoid because it can prolong clotting Nurses role relating to herbs, complementary, and alternative therapies - ANSWER To assist patient in making educated decisions about their health. It is not our place to judge or exclude certain therapies due to personal beliefs Contraindications of chiropractic therapy - ANSWER Acute myelopathy, fractures, dislocations, rhematoid arthritis, and osteoporosis