Comprehensive Exam Preparation Guide for NR 325, Exams of Nursing

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What condition do you treat with IV thyroid hormone? - Answer

Myxedema coma

In hyperthyroidism, what causes goiter? - Answer High levels of T3 and

T

What does HHD and PD increase the risk for? - Answer Infection

If a patient is on diuretic medications, what are they at risk for? -

Answer Hyper- and hypokalemia

What electrolyte is low in a patient with chronic renal failure? -

Answer Calcium (because it doesn't get urinated out).

What symptom is specific to pyelonephritis? - Answer Fever

Pt has flank pain, fever, chills, and dysuria; what are they experiencing?

- Answer Pyelonephritis

What condition produces uric acid and renal calculi? - Answer Gout

What term describes a loss of urine when sneezing, coughing, or

laughing? - Answer Stress incontinence

A pt has ESRD and an AV fistula, what do you want to hear/feel? -

Answer Thrill/bruit

What condition causes postrenal acute kidney failure? - Answer

Benign prostatic hyperplasia Calculi

How long does CRRT take? - Answer 12-24 hours

A pt is in the. ER with 10/10 flank pain and vomited, what are they

experiencing? - Answer Renal calculi (pyelonephritis is a dull flank

pain)

A pt has a strep infection, what are they at risk for? - Answer

Glomerulonephritis

Urethritis in men is caused by...? - Answer STI

Can you give potassium via IV bolus? - Answer NO

Generally give over 1 hr Can run concurrent with 0.9% to decrease burning

What condition warrants IV synthroid? - Answer Myxedema coma

(give on an empty stomach)

What do thionamides do? - Answer Decrease T3/T

(Give with food at the same time with food every day)

What does Lugol's solution do? What is it used for? - Answer Inhibits

T3/T4 (because it's concentrated) Used for hyperthyroidism What drug is used to protect the heart from dysrhythmia in

hyperkalemia protocol? - Answer Calcium gluconate

What is ketoconazole used for? What is the MOA? - Answer Cushing's

disease Suppresses cortisol

What are 2 causes of Addison's disease? - Answer Abrupt withdrawal

of steroids Autoimmune diseases (cancer)

What do you give for Addisonian crisis? - Answer IV hydrocortisone

Which insulin has no peak? - Answer Long-acting (Lantus)

What medication do you give for glomerulonephritis? What does it.

kill? - Answer Azythromycin

Kills strep

What do you give for kidney stones? Why? - Answer Oxybutinin

Treats bladder spasms

What medication do you give for gout? Why? - Answer Allopurinol

Decreases uric acid levels

What condition is a pt with gout more likely to get? Why? - Answer

Kidney stones Because of high uric acid levels

What is pyridium used for? - Answer To decrease pain r/t a UTI

What pt teaching is required for pyridium? - Answer Turns pee orange

Doesn't cure a UTI, just helps with pain

What type of insulin is cloudy? - Answer NPH (intermediate)

What is the normal BUN range? - Answer 6-20 mg/dL

What is the normal creatinine range? - Answer 0.6-1.3 mg/dL

What is the normal urine specific gravity? - Answer 1.003-1.

What is the normal GFR? - Answer 125 mL/min

What are examples of rapid acting insulin? - Answer Lispro (Humalog)

Aspart Glulisine

What is the onset of rapid acting insulin? - Answer 10-30 mins

What is the duration of rapid acting insulin? - Answer 3-5 hr

What is the peak of rapid acting insulin? - Answer 30 min - 3 hr

What are examples of short acting insulin? - Answer Regular (humulin

R)

What is the onset of short acting insulin? - Answer 30 min - 1 hr

What is the peak of short acting insulin? - Answer 2-5 hr

What is the duration of short acting insulin? - Answer 5-8 hr

What is an example of intermediate acting insulin? - Answer NPH

What is the onset of intermediate acting insulin? - Answer 1.5-4 hr

What is the peak of intermediate acting insulin? - Answer 4-12 hr

What is the duration of intermediate acting insulin? - Answer 12-18 hr

What disorder causes low serum osmolality? A. SIADH

B. DI - Answer A. SIADH

What disorder causes hemoconcentration of electrolytes?

A. SIADH

B. DI - Answer B. DI (because you are peeing out all of the H2O)

What sound is indicative of a post-op thyroidectomy pt declining

rapidly? - Answer Stridor (upper airway obstruction)

What would a pt experience with a thyroidectomy? What medication

would they be on? - Answer Pt would experience hypothyroidism.

Pt would be on Synthroid (levothyroxine) for life. Pt is flushed, tachycardic, can't sleep, has brittle hair, and is

experiencing weight loss; what do they have? - Answer

Hyperthyroidism Pt has a below normal temperature, hypotension, and hypoventilation;

what is the pt experiencing? - Answer Myxedema coma

What conditions would cause the pt to have high BP? - Answer SIADH

Hyperthyroidism

What condition would cause a low urine specific gravity? - Answer DI

(<1.005)

What causes low levels of T3, T4, and high levels of TSH? - Answer

Hypothyroidism A pt is urinating 19L a day and constantly drinking; what condition do

they have? - Answer DI

What condition do you treat with desmopressin? - Answer DI

Desmopressin is a synthetic ADH (DI you are lacking ADH)

What condition do you treat with IV diuretics? - Answer SIADH

(because of fluid retention)

What is the antidote for CT dye and Tylenol? - Answer Mucomyst

(acetylcysteine)

What is the antidote for heparin? - Answer Protamine sulphate

What disorders cause an increase in adverse effects when taking

synthroid? - Answer Cardiovascular disorders (because synthroid

increases metabolism which increases risk for MI, etc) Does blood pressure decrease or increase during a thyroid storm? -

Answer BP increases (because of a spike in metabolism)

What disease causes exophthalmos? - Answer Hyperthyroidism

(because it's r/t Grave's disease) What is a clinical manifestation of excess ADH? A. Hyperkalemia B. Hypernatremia C. Hyponatremia

D. Hypermagnesemia - Answer C. Hyponatremia.

What hormones are secreted by the posterior pituitary? - Answer ADH

Oxytocin What electrolyte imbalance is d/t the removal of the parathyroid gland

during a thyroidectomy? - Answer Hypocalcemia (low PTH = low

calcium)

What are examples of long acting insulin? - Answer Glargine

Detemir

What is the onset of long-acting insulin? - Answer 0.8-4 hr

What is the peak of long-acting insulin? - Answer less defined or no

pronounced peak

What is the duration of long-acting insulin? - Answer 16-24 hr

Which patient would you help first? A. Cystoscopy pt with pink urine B. Dialysis pt with potassium of 8 C. Voided 100 mL in the last 6 hrs

D. Blood sugar of 200 - Answer B. Dialysis pt with potassium of 8

Who can you delegate a bladder scanner to? - Answer LPN or NA

During hemodialysis, what is instilled in the catheter to prevent

occlusion? - Answer Heparin

Best indication of fluid overload? - Answer Daily weight

What is the hyperkalemia protocol? - Answer IV cocktail: insulin,

sodium bicarb, D50, and calcium gluconate

What type of pt is susceptible to renal failure? - Answer Diabetics

How do we treat renal failure? - Answer Dialysis

If a pt is in acute renal failure, can they come off of dialysis? - Answer

YES

What are the normal hbg levels? - Answer Male: 13.2-17.3 g/dL

Female: 11.7-16 g/dL

What are the normal hct levels? - Answer Male: 39-50%

Female: 35-47%

What is a renal diet comprised of? - Answer Low sodium

Low potassium Low phosphorus Low protein Fluid restrictions

What electrolytes do you pee out? - Answer Everything EXCEPT

calcium

Treatment for DKA - Answer Regular insulin through IV

Monitor airway O Fluids Electrolyte replacement Heart monitor

What is a blood test for acute renal failure? - Answer Creatinine

Criteria for diagnosing DM? - Answer Hbg A1C of 6.5% or higher

Fasting glucose of greater than or equal to 126 mg/dL Random plasma glucose greater than or equal to 200 mg/dL

Manifestations of Cushing's - Answer Moon face

Hunch back Thin extremities Alopecia in women What is your biggest concern for a pt who just had a thyroiectomy? -

Answer AIRWAY (because of swelling)