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Comprehensive Nursing Exam Questions With Correct Answers, Exams of Nursing

A series of multiple-choice questions covering various nursing topics, including seizure management, post-surgical care, pediatric cardiac conditions, poison control, pregnancy, dental health, medication interactions, acne, tonsillectomy, pancreatitis, trigeminal neuralgia, mental health, and portal hypertension. Each question includes the correct answer and a brief explanation, providing valuable insights into nursing concepts and practices.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 12/18/2024

Chloelunar
Chloelunar 🇺🇸

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Questions With Correct Answers

  1. The nurse enters the room as a 3 year-old is having a generalized seizure. Which intervention should the nurse do first? A) Clear the area of any hazards B) Place the child on the side C) Restrain the child D) Give the prescribed anticonvulsant - The correct answer is B: Place the child on the side Protecting the airway is the top priority in a seizure. If a child is actively convulsing, a patent airway and oxygenation must be assured.
  2. A client has just returned to the medical-surgical unit following a segmental lung resection. After assessing the client, the first nursing action would be to A) Administer pain medication B) Suction excessive tracheobronchial secretions C) Assist client to turn, deep breath and cough D) Monitor oxygen saturation - The correct answer is B: Suction excessive tracheobronchial secretions Suctioning the copious tracheobronchial secretions present in post- thoracic surgery clients maintains an open airway which is always the priority nursing intervention.

Questions With Correct Answers

  1. A nurse from the surgical department is reassigned to the pediatric unit. The charge nurse should recognize that the child at highest risk for cardiac arrest and is the least likely to be assigned to this nurse is which child? A) Congenital cardiac defects B) An acute febrile illness C) Prolonged hypoxemia D) Severe multiple trauma - The correct answer is C: Prolonged hypoxemia Most often, the cause of cardiac arrest in the pediatric population is prolonged hypoxemia. Children usually have both cardiac and respiratory arrest.
  2. Which of the following would be the best strategy for the nurse to use when teaching insulin injection techniques to a newly diagnosed client with diabetes? A) Give written pre and posttests B) Ask questions during practice C) Allow another diabetic to assist D) Observe a return demonstration - The correct answer is D: Observe a return demonstration Since this is a psychomotor skill, this is the best way to know if the client has learned the proper technique.

Questions With Correct Answers

  1. The nurse is assessing a 2-year-old client with a possible diagnosis of congenital heart disease. Which of these is most likely to be seen with this diagnosis? A) Several otitis media episodes in the last year B) Weight and height in 10th percentile since birth C) Takes frequent rest periods while playing D) Changing food preferences and dislikes - The correct answer is C: Takes frequent rest periods while playing. Children with heart disease tend to have exercise intolerance. The child self-limits activity, which is consistent with manifestations of congenital heart disease in children.
  2. The nurse is reassigned to work at the Poison Control Center telephone hotline. In which of these cases of childhood poisoning would the nurse suggest that parents have the child drink orange juice? A) An 18 month-old who ate an undetermined amount of crystal drain cleaner B) A 14 month-old who chewed 2 leaves of a philodendron plant C) A 20 month-old who is found sitting on the bathroom floor beside an empty bottle of diazepam (Valium)

Questions With Correct Answers

D) A 30 month-old who has swallowed a mouthful of charcoal lighter fluid - The correct answer is A: An 18 month-old who ate an undetermined amount of crystal drain cleaner. Drain cleaner is very alkaline. The orange juice is acidic and will help to neutralize this substance.

  1. A 23-year-old single client is in the 33rd week of her first pregnancy. She tellsthe nurse that she has everything ready for the baby and has made plans for the first weeks together at home. Which normal emotional reaction does the nurse recognize? A) Acceptance of the pregnancy B) Focus on fetal development C) Anticipation of the birth D) Ambivalence about pregnancy - The correct answer is C: Anticipation of the birth Directing activities toward preparation for the newborn's needs and personal adjustment are indicators of appropriate emotional response in the third trimester.
  2. Upon examining the mouth of a 3-year-old child, the nurse discovers that the teeth have chalky white-to-yellowish staining

Questions With Correct Answers

with pitting of the enamel. Which of the following conditions would most likely explain these findings? A) Ingestion of tetracycline B) Excessive fluoride intake C) Oral iron therapy D) Poor dental hygiene - Thterm-1e correct answer is B: Excessive fluoride intake The described findings are indicative of fluorosis, a condition characterized by an increase in the extent and degree of the enamel's porosity. This problem can be associated with repeated swallowing of toothpaste with fluoride or drinking water with high levels of fluoride.

  1. Which of the following should the nurse teach the client to avoid when takingchlorpromazine HCL (Thorazine)? A) Direct sunlight B) Foods containing tyramine C) Foods fermented with yeast D) Canned citrus fruit drinks - The correct answer is A: Avoid direct sunlight Phenothiazine increases sensitivity to the sun, making clients especially susceptible to sunburn

Questions With Correct Answers

  1. The nurse is discussing dietary intake with an adolescent who has acne. The most appropriate statement for the nurse is A) "Eat a balanced diet for your age." B) "Increase your intake of protein and Vitamin A." C) "Decrease fatty foods from your diet." D) "Do not use caffeine in any form, including chocolate." - The correct answer is A: "Eat a balanced diet for your age." A diet for a teenager with acne should be a well-balanced diet for their age. There are no recommended additions and subtractions from the diet
  2. The nurse is caring for a child who has just returned from surgery following a tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. Which action by the nurse is appropriate? A) Offer ice cream every 2 hours B) Place the child in a supine position C) Allow the child to drink through a straw D) Observe swallowing patterns - The correct answer is D: Observe swallowing patterns The nurse should observe for increased swallowing frequency to check for hemorrhage.

Questions With Correct Answers

  1. The nurse is caring for a client with acute pancreatitis. After pain management, which intervention should be included in the plan of care? A) Cough and deep breathe every 2 hours B) Place the client in contact isolation C) Provide a diet high in protein D) Institute seizure precautions - The correct answer is A: Cough and deep breathe every 2 hours Respiratory infections are common because of fluid in the retro peritoneum pushing up against the diaphragm causing shallow respirations. Encouraging the client to cough and deep breathe every 2 hours will diminish the occurrence of this complication.
  2. The nurse is caring for a client with trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureaux). To assist the client with nutrition needs, the nurse should A) Offer small meals of high calorie soft food B) Assist the client to sit in a chair for meals C) Provide additional servings of fruits and raw vegetables D) Encourage the client to eat fish, liver and chicken - The correct answer is A: Offer small meals of high calorie soft food

Questions With Correct Answers

If the client is losing weight because of poor appetite due to the pain, assist in selecting foods that are high in calories and nutrients, to provide more nourishment with less chewing. Suggest that frequent, small meals be eaten instead of three large ones. To minimize jaw movements when eating, suggest that foods be pureed.

  1. A client treated for depression tells the nurse at the mental health clinic that he recently purchased a handgun because he is thinking about suicide. Thefirst nursing action should be to A) Notify the health care provider immediately B) Suggest in-patient psychiatric care C) Respect the client's confidential disclosure D) Phone the family to warn them of the risk - The correct answer is A: Notify the health care provider immediately The health care provider must be contacted immediately as the client is a danger to self and others. Hospitalization is indicated.
  2. The initial response by the nurse to a delusional client who refuses to eat because of a belief that the food is poisoned is A) "You think that someone wants to poison you?" B) "Why do you think the food is poisoned?" C) "These feelings are a symptom of your illness."

Questions With Correct Answers

D) "You're safe here. I won't let anyone poison you." - The correct answer is A: "You think that someone wants to poison you?" This response acknowledges perception through a reflective question which presents opportunity for discussion, clarification of meaning, and expressing doubt.

  1. A client has just been admitted with portal hypertension. Which nursing diagnosis would be a priority in planning care? A) Altered nutrition: less than body requirements B) Potential complication hemorrhage C) Ineffective individual coping D) Fluid volume excess - The correct answer is B: Potential complication hemorrhage Esophageal varices are dilated and tortuous vessels of the esophagus that are at high risk for rupture if portal circulation pressures rise.
  2. The nurse in a well-child clinic examines many children on a daily basis. Which of the following toddlers requires further follow up? A) A 13 month-old unable to walk B) A 20 month-old only using 2 and 3 word sentences

Questions With Correct Answers

C) A 24 month-old who cries during examination D) A 30 month-old only drinking from a sippy cup - The correct answer is D: A 30 month-old only drinking from a sippy cup A 30 month-old should be able to drink from a cup without a cover.

  1. Which of the following conditions assessed by the nurse would contraindicate the use of benztropine (Cogentin)? A) Neuromalignant syndrome B) Acute extrapyramidal syndrome C) Glaucoma, prostatic hypertrophy D) Parkinson's disease, atypical tremors - The correct answer is C: Glaucoma, prostatic hypertrophy Glaucoma and prostatic hypertrophy are contraindications to the use of benztropine (Cogentin) as the drug is an anticholinergic agent.
  2. A 15 year-old client with a lengthy confining illness is at risk for altered growth and development of which task? A) Loss of control B) Insecurity C) Dependence

Questions With Correct Answers

D) Lack of trust - The correct answer is C: Dependence The client role fosters dependency. Adolescents may react to dependency with rejection, uncooperativeness, or withdrawal.

  1. The nurse is caring for a client with cirrhosis of the liver with ascites. When instructing nursing assistants in the care of the client, the nurse should emphasize that A) The client should remain on bed rest in a semi-Fowler's position B) The client should alternate ambulation with bed rest with legs elevated C) The client may ambulate and sit in chair as tolerated D) The client may ambulate as tolerated and remain in semi- Fowlers position in bed - The correct answer is B: The client should alternate ambulation with bed rest with legs elevated. Encourage alternating periods ambulation and bed rest with legs elevated to mobilize edema and ascites. Encourage and assist the client with gradually increasing periods of ambulation.

Questions With Correct Answers

  1. In providing care to a 14 year-old adolescent with scoliosis, which of the following will be most difficult for this client? A) Compliance with treatment regimens B) Looking different from their peers C) Lacking independence in activities D) Reliance on family for their social support - The correct answer is B: Looking different from their peers Conformity to peer influences peaks at around age 14. Since many persons view any disability as deviant, the client will need help in learning how to deal with reactions of others. Treatment of scoliosis is long-term and involves bracing and/or surgery.
  2. The nurse is preparing to perform a physical examination on an 8 month-old who is sitting contentedly on his mother's lap. Which of the following should the nurse do first? A) Elicit reflexes B) Measure height and weight C) Auscultate heart and lungs D) Examine the ears - The correct answer is C: Auscultate heart and lungs The nurse should auscultate the heart and lungs during the first quiet moment with the infant so as to be able to hear sounds clearly. Other assessments may follow in any order.

Questions With Correct Answers

  1. Which of these principles should the nurse apply when performing a nutritional assessment on a 2 year-old client? A) An accurate measurement of intake is not reliable B) The food pyramid is not used in this age group C) A serving size at this age is about 2 tablespoons D) Total intake varies greatly each day - The correct answer is C: A serving size at this age is about 2 tablespoons In children, a general guide to serving sizes is 1 tablespoon of solid food per year of age. Understanding this, the nurse can assess adequacy of intake.
  2. The nurse is assessing a client with delayed wound healing. Which of the following risk factors is most important in this situation? A) Glucose level of 120 B) History of myocardial infarction C) Long term steroid usage D) Diet high in carbohydrates - The correct answer is C: Long term steroid usage Steroid dependency tends to delay wound healing. If the client also smokes, the risk is increased.

Questions With Correct Answers

  1. Which of the following nursing assessments indicate immediate discontinuance of an antipsychotic medication? A) Involuntary rhythmic stereotypic movements and tongue protrusion B) Cheek puffing, involuntary movements of extremities and trunk C) Agitation, constant state of motion D) Hyperpyrexia, severe muscle rigidity, malignant hypertension - The correct answer is D: Hyperpyrexia, severe muscle rigidity, malignant hypertension, hyperpyrexia, sever muscle rigidity, and malignant hypertension are assessment signs indicative of NMS (neuroleptic malignant syndrome). A client with HIV infection has a secondary herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1) infection. The nurse knows that the most likely cause of the HSV- infection in this client is A) Immunosuppression B) Emotional stress C) Unprotected sexual activities

Questions With Correct Answers

D) Contact with saliva - The correct answer is A: Immunosuppression The decreased immunity leads to frequent secondary infections. Herpes simplex virus type 1 is an opportunistic infection. The other options may result in HSV-1. However they are not the most likely cause in clients with HIV. The nurse measures the head and chest circumferences of a 20 month-old infant. After comparing the measurements, the nurse finds that they are approximately the same. What action should the nurse take? A) Notify the health care provider B) Palpate the anterior fontanel C) Feel the posterior fontanel D) Record these normal findings - The correct answer is D: Record these normal findings The question is D. The rate of increase in head circumference slows by the end of infancy, and the head circumference is usually equal to chest circumference at 1 to 2 years of age.

Questions With Correct Answers

At a routine clinic visit, parents express concern that their 4 year- old is wetting the bed several times a month. What is the nurse's best response? A) "This is normal at this time of day." B) "How long has this been occurring?" C) "Do you offer fluids at night?" D) "Have you tried waking her to urinate?" - The correct answer is B: "How long has this been occurring?" Nighttime control should be present by this age, but may not occur until age 5. Involuntary voiding may occur due to infectious, anatomical and/or physiological reasons. A client was admitted to the psychiatric unit after refusing to get out of bed. In the hospital the client talks to unseen people and voids on the floor. The nurse could best handle the problem of voiding on the floor by A) Requiring the client to mop the floor B) Restricting the client's fluids throughout the day C) Withholding privileges each time the voiding occurs

Questions With Correct Answers

D) Toileting the client more frequently with supervision - The correct answer is D: Toileting the client more frequently with supervision With altered thought processes the most appropriate nursing approach to alter the behavior is by attending to the physical need. The nurse is caring for a client with a sigmoid colostomy who requests assistance in removing the flatus from a 1 piece drainable ostomy pouch. Which is the correct intervention? A) Piercing the plastic of the ostomy pouch with a pin to vent the flatus B) Opening the bottom of the pouch, allowing the flatus to be expelled C) Pulling the adhesive seal around the ostomy pouch to allow the flatus to escape D) Assisting the client to ambulate to reduce the flatus in the pouch

  • The correct answer is B: Opening the bottom of the pouch, allowing the flatus to be expelled. The only correct way to vent the flatus from a

Questions With Correct Answers

1 piece drainable ostomy pouch is to instruct the client to obtain privacy (the release of the flatus will cause odor), and to open the bottom of the pouch, release the flatus and dose the bottom of the pouch The nurse is teaching parents of an infant about introduction of solid food to their baby. What is the first food they can add to the diet? A) Vegetables B) Cereal C) Fruit D) Meats - The correct answer is B: Cereal Cereal is usually introduced first because it is well tolerated, easy to digest, and contains iron. When counseling parents of a child who has recently been diagnosed with hemophilia, what must the nurse know about the offspring of a normal father and a carrier mother? A) It is likely that all sons are affected

Questions With Correct Answers

B) There is a 50% probability that sons will have the disease C) Every daughter is likely to be a carrier D) There is a 25% chance a daughter will be a carrier - The correct answer is D: There is a 25% chance a daughter will be a carrier Hemophilia A is a sex-linked recessive trait seen almost exclusively in males. With a normal father and carrier mother, affected individuals are male. There is a 25% chance of having an affected male, 25% chance of having a carrier female, 25% chance of having a normal female and 25% chance of having a normal male. When teaching a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease about oxygen by cannula, the nurse should also instruct the client's family to A) Avoid smoking near the client B) Turn off oxygen during meals C) Adjust the liter flow to 10 as needed D) Remind the client to keep mouth closed - The correct answer is A: Avoid smoking near the client Since oxygen supports combustion, there is a risk of fire if anyone smokes near

Questions With Correct Answers

the oxygen equipment The nurse is caring for a post-op colostomy client. The client begins to cry saying, "I'll never be attractive again with this ugly red thing." What should be the first action by the nurse? A) Arrange a consultation with a sex therapist B) Suggest sexual positions that hide the colostomy C) Invite the partner to participate in colostomy care D) Determine the client's understanding of her colostomy - The correct answer is D: Determine the client's understanding of her colostomy. One of the greatest fears of colostomy clients is the fear that sexual intimacy is no longer possible. However, the specific concern of the client needs to be assessed before specific suggestions for dealing with the sexual concerns are given. A schizophrenic client talks animatedly but the staff are unable to understand what the client is communicating. The client is observed mumbling

Questions With Correct Answers

to herself and speaking to the radio. A desirable outcome for this client's care will be A) Expresses feelings appropriately through verbal interactions B) Accurately interprets events and behaviors of others C) Demonstrates improved social relationships D) Engages in meaningful and understandable verbal communication - The correct answer is D: Engages in meaningful and understandable verbal communication. Data support impaired verbal communication deficit. The outcome must be related to the diagnosis and supporting data. No data is presented related to feelings or to thinking processes. A 7 year-old child is hospitalized following a major burn to the lower extremities. A diet high in protein and carbohydrates is recommended. The nurse informs the child and family that the most important reason for this diet is to A) Promote healing and strengthen the immune system B) Provide a well-balanced nutritional intake

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C) Stimulate increased peristalsis absorption D) Spare protein catabolism to meet metabolic needs - The correct answer is D: Spare protein catabolism to meet metabolic needs. Because of the burn injury, the child has increased metabolism and catabolism. By providing a high carbohydrate diet, the breakdown of protein for energy is avoided. Proteins are then used to restore tissue. The parents of a 7 year-old tell the nurse their child has started to "tattle" on siblings. In interpreting this new behavior, how should the nurse explain the child's actions to the parents? A) The ethical sense and feelings of justice are developing B) Attempts to control the family use new coping styles C) Insecurity and attention getting are common motives D) Complex thought processes help to resolve conflicts - The correct answer is A: The ethical sense and feelings of justice are developing. The child is developing a sense of justice and a desire to do what is right. At seven, the child is increasingly aware of family roles and responsibilities. They also do what is right because of parental direction or to avoid punishment.

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A school nurse is advising a class of unwed pregnant high school students. What is the most important action they can perform to deliver a healthy child? A) Maintain good nutrition B) Stay in school C) Keep in contact with the child's father D) Get adequate sleep - The correct answer is A: Maintaining good nutrition Nurses can serve a pivotal role in providing nutritional education and case management interventions. Weight gain during pregnancy is one of the strongest predictors of infant birth weight. Specifically, teens need to increase their intake of protein, vitamins, and minerals including iron. Pregnant teens who gain between 26 and 35 pounds have the lowest incidence of low-birth-weight babies. A client continually repeats phrases that others have just said. The nurse recognizes this behavior as A) Autistic B) Ecopraxic

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C) Echolalic D) Catatonic - The correct answer is C: Echolalic Echolalic - repeating words heard. A client is admitted for hemodialysis. Which abnormal lab value would the nurse anticipate not being improved by hemodialysis? A) Low hemoglobin B) Hypernatremia C) High serum creatinine D) Hyperkalemia - The correct answer is A: Low hemoglobin Although hemodialysis improves or corrects electrolyte imbalances it has not effect on improving anemia. The nurse is caring for a 7 year-old child who is being discharged following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following instructions is appropriate for the nurse to teach the parents? A) Report a persistent cough to the health care provider B) The child can return to school in 4 days

Questions With Correct Answers

C) Administer chewable aspirin for pain D) The child may gargle with saline as necessary for discomfort - The correct answer is A: Report a persistent cough to the health care provider. Persistent coughing should be reported to the health care provider as this may indicate bleeding The nurse is caring for a 14 month-old just diagnosed with Cystic Fibrosis. The parents state this is the first child in either family with this disease, and ask about the risk to future children. What is the best response by the nurse? A) 1in 4 chance for each child to carry that trait B) 1in 4 risk for each child to have the disease C) 1in 2 chance of avoiding the trait and disease D) 1in 2 chance that each child will have the disease - The correct answer is B: 1 in 4 risk for each child to have the disease Cystic Fibrosis is an autosomal recessive transmission pattern. In this situation, both parents must be carriers of the trait for the disease since neither one of them has the disease. Therefore, for each pregnancy, there is a 25% chance of