Science at Waikato: Programs, Scholarships, and Careers, Lecture notes of Literature

Download Science at Waikato: Programs, Scholarships, and Careers and more Lecture notes Literature in PDF only on Docsity! THE UNIVERSITY OF Faculty of Science & Engineering ee AN /NEO-ULe Nem LS ROM LLL CL) Study Science at Waikato Welcome Whether it’s adapting to climate change, turning waste into high-value products, improving treatment for diseases or developing technologies for the next generation, science and engineering contribute to almost every aspect of our lives. New Zealand and the world needs people with curious minds who are willing to ask the hard questions and who will work towards creating a brighter future. The Grand Challenges facing society require research that transcends disciplinary boundaries, requiring an increased flexibility in the ways we seek to understand the world and the ways we prepare students for the future. For this reason the Faculty of Science & Engineering is designed as a cohesive cross-disciplinary unit providing greater opportunities in teaching and research. We offer flexible, innovative degrees that produce multi-skilled, adaptable graduates who are ready for the challenges of today and have the skills to tackle the obstacles of tomorrow. Consequently, our students’ career prospects are limited only by their interests and imagination, and graduates find themselves employed throughout New Zealand and overseas in a wide range of well-paid, interesting and stimulating occupations. Our staff have acquired national and international reputations in their subjects and place emphasis on maintaining a fruitful balance between the growth areas of scientific endeavour and the technological applications of that knowledge. Coupled with some of the world’s most advanced laboratory equipment, our staff are well placed to address many of the challenges as articulated by New Zealand’s National Science Challenges and the UN’s Millennium Development Goals. Professor Bruce Clarkson Dean, Faculty of Science & Engineering University of Waikato Contact information SCHOOL OF SCIENCE Phone: +64 7 838 4148 Email: [email protected] FACULTY OF SCIENCE & ENGINEERING Toll free: 0800 438 254 Phone: +64 7 838 4625 Email: [email protected] Website: www.sci.waikato.ac.nz Facebook: www.facebook.com/WaikatoScienceEngineering THE UNIVERSITY OF WAIKATO Toll free: 0800 WAIKATO Website: www.waikato.ac.nz GET ADVICE Free advice is available at any time. Call us if you’d like help to: » Find the best degree for you » Choose your papers » Plan your timetable » Complete your application to enrol. APPLY TO ENROL Apply to enrol online at www.waikato.ac.nz/enrol The University of Waikato’s Faculty of Science & Engineering offers an all-round student experience, which ensures you graduate with the theory, technical ability and leadership capability to be a success in the science industry. Laboratories and facilities The School of Science is home to a suite of fully-equipped laboratories, where you will spend a significant amount of your time right from your first year of study. Most science papers include weekly laboratory sessions, giving you the chance to put what you’ve learnt in lectures and tutorials into practice. Our small class sizes mean that once you’re in these labs, you will have more one-on-one time, learning to use world-class equipment with our leading academics. Our undergraduate students also have the opportunity to use complex research equipment and techniques, such as NMR spectroscopy and DNA sequencing. Field trips In some areas of study you will also enjoy field trips to local beaches, forests and lakes to complete sampling and learn first-hand about the environments you are studying. Employer contacts As a science student you will be exposed to potential employers at every stage of your degree, including guest speakers in your lectures, site visits during field trips and during work placements, Summer Research Scholarships and internships. Extracurricular opportunities Many of the subject areas have social groups that hold quiz nights and other social events, for example the Waikato Biological Society. Student support The Faculty of Science & Engineering offer a team of first-year mentors who are available to give advice on study choices, career direction and anything you may have trouble with in your first year of study. The Faculty also has its own Māori Student Support Officer whose role is to provide ongoing support to students. There is also a team of successful kaitaki (mentors) available to help you with subject- specific areas and online support and study wānanga (workshops) are offered. World-class research The University of Waikato is known for excellence in the areas of environmental science, climate change, sustainable land use, biomedical innovation and sustainable industry. Much of our scientific research involves collaboration with businesses, other research institutes and local authorities, impacting and advancing research and development all over New Zealand and around the world. Part of our success is due to our investment in world-class research equipment and facilities, most of which is available to students during their studies. For more information visit www.sci.waikato.ac.nz/research Why study science at Waikato? Annual events » University Open Day – May » Osborne Physics and Engineering (OsPEn) Days – June » Waikato Experience Biology Days – June » NZIC Analytical Chemistry Competition – June » Science Open Day – July school holidays » ChemQuest – October » Hill Laboratories Waikato Science & Engineering Summer School – November/December Find out more about our events at www.sci.waikato.ac.nz/news-events/whats-on Study Science at Waikato 3 Bachelor of Science BSc majors » Animal Behaviour » Biochemistry » Biological Sciences* » Biotechnology » Chemistry » Computer Science* » Earth Sciences » Electronics » Environmental Planning » Environmental Sciences* » Materials and Processing » Mathematics* » Physics » Psychology » Statistics* You can also choose to take a second major from the list above, or alternatively, your second major can be chosen from almost any other undergraduate subject. *Specialisations and focus areas are available within these majors. Specialisations Within some majors, there are several optional specialisations that are carefully designed to ensure you have a good mastery of a particular area of study. You can choose to specialise in Science International, where a science major is combined with a language, or in Te Pūtaiao me ngā Take Māori where you can also extend your knowledge of Māori language and culture. » Within Biological Sciences: Restoration Ecology » Within Environmental Sciences: Environmental Microbiology, Environmental Modelling, Land and Freshwater Environments, Marine Sciences » Within Computer Sciences: Applied Computing » Within Mathematics: Economics, Finance » Within Statistics: Economics, Databases The Waikato Bachelor of Science (BSc) equips you for a career that requires logical thinking, analytical talent, a curious mind and practical skills. The range of career options available to BSc graduates isn’t surprising when you consider the nature of the degree. It is supremely flexible so you can combine papers to suit your strengths and abilities. We keep it general in the first year so that your choice, when you do come to specialise, is an informed one. Putting into practice what you learn in your lectures is a major part of a Waikato science degree. You will gain hands-on experience with some of the most up-to-date and high-tech laboratory equipment available, such as our mass spectrometers for investigating molecular structure. We also take you right to the source, with field trips that might include an overnight stint to gather geothermal samples, or a week-long bush camp to examine a region’s flora. Year 1 120 points 100 level* 100 level* 100 level* 100 level* 100 level* 100 level* 100 level* 100 level Major Year 2 120 points 200 level 200 level 200 level 200 level* 200 level 200 level Science Papers Year 3 120 points 300 level 300 level 300 level 300 level* 200/300 level* 200/300 level Elective Papers * These papers should be recognised science papers offered by the Faculties of Science & Engineering and Computing & Mathematical Sciences (except MATH168) and selected Philosophy and Psychology papers, and, at 100 level, should be taken across at least four science subjects. Bachelor of Science (BSc) degree structure 3 Years 360 Points It is recommended students include 100 level prerequisites for any compulsory papers in their chosen major(s) in the first year of their programme of study. 4 Faculty of Science & Engineering | University of Waikato Practical experience The BSc is a practical degree with laboratory and/or field work associated with most subjects. For some science subjects, you also have the opportunity to undertake an independent or small- team research project (special topics paper) which may include laboratory, field and literature survey-based work. Approximate first year domestic cost » $6460 Further study In the Faculty of Science & Engineering, entry into an honours year in Biological Sciences, Chemistry, Earth Sciences, Materials and Processing or Physics is by invitation-only to exceptional students. The Faculty of Computing & Mathematical Sciences also offers a one-year BSc Honours programme in Computing, Mathematics or Statistics, or you may transfer into the four-year Bachelor of Computing and Mathematical Sciences. Additional postgraduate degrees » Master of Environmental Sciences » Master of Science (180 points) » Master of Science (Research) » Master of Science (Technology) » Doctor of Philosophy See page 12 for more information on graduate and postgraduate study. Entry requirements and prerequisites Entry requirements will differ depending on which major you choose to study. » Animal Behaviour: NCEA Level 3 Biology is recommended. » Biochemistry: 16 credits in NCEA Level 3 Chemistry is required. NCEA Level 3 Biology is highly recommended. Mathematics and Physics are also recommended. » Biological Sciences: NCEA Level 3 Biology is highly recommended. Chemistry and Mathematics are also recommended. » Biotechnology: 16 credits in NCEA Level 3 Chemistry is required. NCEA Level 3 Biology, Mathematics and Physics are all recommended. » Chemistry: 16 credits in NCEA Level 3 Chemistry is required for some specific papers. » Electronics: NCEA Level 3 Physics is required, as well as Calculus or Statistics. Some specific papers require at least 14 credits in NCEA Level 3 Physics. » Environmental Sciences: NCEA Level 3 Biology, Chemistry and Geography are recommended. » Materials and Processing: There are no formal prerequisites for entry to Materials and Processing, however, it is recommended you have 16 NCEA Level 3 credits in both Chemistry and Calculus and 14 Level 3 credits in Physics. » Mathematics: NCEA Level 2/3 in Mathematics is required. NCEA Level 3 Calculus is strongly recommended. » Physics: NCEA Level 3 Physics is required. Some specific papers require at least 14 credits in NCEA Level 3 Physics and Calculus. » Statistics: NCEA Level 2/3 Mathematics is required. For entry to core paper STAT121 you must have 18 credits at NCEA Level 2 in Mathematics, or 14 credits in NCEA Level 3 Statistics or Calculus or Mathematics. For entry to STAT111, admission to the BSc is sufficient. Some first-year papers have specific prerequisites so please check the paper list carefully. If you do not meet the prerequisites listed here, please contact [email protected] as there may be other pathways you can take to study in this field. 5Study Science at Waikato Bachelor of Science (Technology)Work placements Work placements are a major feature of the BSc(Tech) and you will complete 800 hours of relevant work experience during your degree. Our Co-operative Education Unit actively seeks and oversees your industrial work placement, ensuring a good fit for your area of study and career goals, and monitoring the quality of your work experience. By the time you graduate you will have the credibility of paid experience to take to your interviews. Co-operative education is the combination of study and work. The Co-operative Education Unit at the University of Waikato is the leader in New Zealand for co-operative education programmes, with an average 250 students placed in industry every year. Work placements help you to: » Get relevant work experience before you graduate » Earn extra money while you study. Most placements are paid and many students will earn between $5000 and $6500 during each summer placement » Apply what you have learnt at university in the real world » Receive possible job offers. Students are often offered full- time positions at the end of their placements » Learn workplace methods, procedures and skills that aren't taught at university » Learn to work in a professional environment and become familiar with workplace-specific terminologies, teamwork skills, communication and workplace norms » Try a career before you finish your degree. It will refine your study direction and focus your career goals, plus give you a better understanding of what careers are available and possible future job prospects » Gain skills in report writing, CV preparation and interview techniques » Gain exposure to employer contacts. The people you will work alongside are valuable contacts and could even be your future employers » Be graded on your contribution to research or an industry project. Placements are assessed, so to prospective employers your grade will serve as a valuable indication of how well you can work. Ashleigh Weatherall BSc(Tech), Animal Behaviour Mahurangi College, Warkworth Placement: Plant and Food Research Hours spent catching bumblebees at the Hamilton Gardens has been an unusual highlight for Ashleigh. Once caught, a small section is shaved off the bumblebees’ backs and a tracking device is attached. Ashleigh has been working with Plant and Food Research’s pollination and apiculture team to study the use of bumblebees as pollinators in orchards. The project as a whole has involved building artificial nest boxes that can be installed in orchards to house bumblebees. The researchers have used transmitters to track queen bumblebee nesting preferences, which in turn allows them to modify the design of the nest boxes to be more attractive to bumblebees. Ashleigh’s role in the study has been to look at whether there are behavioural and physiological effects of attaching transmitters to queen bumblebees, which will quantify the results of the larger research projects. “In addition I’m constructing a flight chamber that can elicit forward flight in bumblebees, and I'm using a high speed camera to record behaviour in the chamber.” 8 Faculty of Science & Engineering | University of Waikato Liane Clark BSc(Tech), Animal Behaviour Kamo High School, Whangarei Placement: Otorohanga Kiwi House and Native Bird Park Educating the public about New Zealand’s native birds is all in a day’s work for Liane. Liane has been involved in food preparation, feeding, handling and dosing the birds, general maintenance and keeper talks. “The highlight for me has definitely been presenting the keeper talks. Not only has it increased my confidence, but I really enjoy educating people about the different birds. It’s very rewarding to see others get so enthused about topics that I’m so passionate about.” Daniel Rohrlach BSc(Tech), Chemistry and Materials and Processing Taupo-nui-a-Tia College Placement: Genesis Energy Ltd Daniel is learning the skills he will need for a career in industrial chemistry during a work placement at Huntly Power Station. He’s part of the chemical and water services team with Genesis Energy which has given him the chance to work on real-world chemistry projects. “I’ve been assisting the chemistry team with daily environment sampling and testing for Genesis’ resource consents to access the Waikato River. I have also been performing confined-space entry testing throughout the station to ensure the safety of the engineers. I work daily in the laboratory making various chemicals and performing tests for the plant’s water systems, as well as doing a long list of other jobs across the plant.” Tom Robertson BSc(Tech), Earth Sciences Takapuna Grammar School, Auckland Placement: CRL Energy Ltd, Hamilton Tom is enjoying the level of responsibility that comes with project- managing air and water quality monitoring at testing sites in Hamilton for consulting company - CRL Energy Ltd. “During my placement I’ve been involved in the complete process, right from collecting data and field samples out on site, through to lab analysis of those samples and preparation of solutions back in the lab.” Tom chose to study at Waikato University because of the BSc(Tech). “I think completing a work placement has immediately increased my value to potential employers as it shows them I have a comprehensive understanding of what I’ve learned at uni and I can apply these skills competently in the real world.” Study Science at Waikato 9 Summer Research Scholarships University of Waikato Summer Research Scholarships provide promising undergraduate, final-year honours and first-year masters degree students the opportunity to experience the challenges and rewards of research. The Summer Research Scholarships are each worth $5000 and are offered in various disciplines from November to February every year over a 10-week period. As a science student completing a research scholarship you will have the chance to delve into the exciting world of research, and work alongside senior University of Waikato academics. During the 2014/2015 Summer Research Scholarship period, 34 Faculty of Science & Engineering students were awarded scholarships; 24 of them were science students. Noel Bates BSc, Earth Sciences Shaftesbury High School, Canada Research topic: At the turning point of volcanism in the North Island: Dating the Coromandel-Taupo volcanic transition Collecting and processing volcanic rock field samples has been the task for Noel Bates as he works with Dr Adrian Pittari to discover the timing and spatial distributions of volcanic eruptions during the ‘Coromandel- Taupo transition’. “About two million years ago, volcanism that had occurred southward along the Coromandel Peninsula shifted from the Tauranga and Kaimai area to the currently active Taupo Volcanic Zone. The transition occurred over a period of about 300,000 years. The project involves using (U-Th)/He radiometric dating to determine the eruption age of rhyolite domes and ignimbrites in the Tauranga and Kaimai areas, which lie between the Coromandel and Taupo volcanic centres.” Carly Hill BSc(Tech), Animal Behaviour Fairfield College, Hamilton Research topic: Hamilton's long-tailed bats For animal behaviour enthusiast Carly Hill, the sighting of her first long-tailed bat foraging near a river was the highlight of her Summer Research Scholarship. Carly says the cryptic long-tailed bat (Chalinolobus tuberculatus) is a small dark-coloured night-flying species that regularly changes its foraging route. The bat’s call cannot be heard by humans without monitors. “My project focused on how urban environmental factors such as light can affect the foraging behaviour of the cryptic long-tailed bat. I am completing a literature review of light and insectivorous bats and related species of animals, such as their prey. Plus I’ve also been out searching for the foraging sites and flyways of the bats.” 10 Faculty of Science & Engineering | University of Waikato Dylan Harrison BSc(Tech), MSc(Tech), Chemistry Te Aroha College Area Manager, NALCO, an Ecolab company, Hamilton For Waikato graduate Dylan Harrison, a career in science has always been on the cards. A number of university scholarships and awards, work placements at two leading New Zealand science companies and a MSc(Tech) research collaboration with Fonterra, gave Dylan the competitive advantage when seeking employment. "I manage a team of water treatment experts with the goal of providing value to our customers by implementing water treatment programmes for industries such as dairy, power, hospitals and food and beverage manufacturers. Our main focus is monitoring chemical programmes on industrial boilers and cooling towers. A typical day would involve travelling to industrial sites to monitor their water treatment programmes based on chemical analysis and make changes or recommendations to optimise the programme based on our on-site test results." NALCO is a leading provider of integrated water treatment and process improvement services, chemicals, and equipment programmes for industrial and institutional applications. Peter Longdill MSc, PhD Waikato Macleans College, Auckland Environmental and Sustainability Manager, New Port Project, Qatar Peter Longdill is in the Middle East working to reduce the environmental impacts of a major sea port project. “I’m involved in the establishment and management of processes to ensure that the project adheres to its environmental objectives, commitments and obligations. So this includes ensuring that the project consultants and contractors are implementing effective mitigation measures on site and that the environmental monitoring works are conducted appropriately. This covers everything from air quality, to vibration, noise, soils, groundwater, coastal processes, oceanography and marine ecology.” Peter completed a Master of Science and a PhD at the University of Waikato, following a two-year stint in Australia as a GIS analyst. “I knew specifically the subject area I was interested in and selected Waikato University because of the excellent reputation of the Coastal Marine Group’s research and staff, great relationships with industry, and a huge selection of field survey equipment and the technicians and capabilities to use it.” University of Waikato science graduate Peter Longdill assisting in the deployment of a current meter, as part of his job as the Environmental and Sustainability Manager for the New Port Project in Qatar. Study Science at Waikato 13 Bachelor of Science (Technology)International stud nts English language requirements Undergraduate degrees with the Faculty of Science & Engineering Masters degrees/postgraduate and graduate diplomas All English language waivers are considered at the discretion of the Dean of the relevant faculty/school of study on a case by case basis. TOEFL and IELTS results must be within two years of the enrolment period. International student scholarships A range of scholarships is available for international students. Find out more at www.waikato.ac.nz/research/scholarships Costs Approximate annual tuition fees are based on 120 points (full-time study). Fees are quoted in New Zealand Dollars (NZD $) and include New Zealand Goods and Services Tax (GST). » Bachelor of Science/Bachelor of Science (Technology): $27,975 a year » Master of Science (Research): $31,185 a year » Master of Science/Master of Environmental Sciences (180 points): $45,860 – $46,775 » Doctor of Philosophy (PhD): All new international PhD students, studying full-time may be eligible to pay Domestic New Zealand annual tuition fees. Fees may be subject to annual increase. Estimate: $5964 a year. The University of Waikato in Hamilton sits in the heart of New Zealand’s North Island, 90 minutes south of Auckland, New Zealand’s largest city. The Waikato region is fast developing as a centre for high-quality research and is home to agile and innovative businesses. We are pioneers of agriculture and agricultural science – the dairy industry is one of New Zealand’s biggest export earners, and the country boasts a core of agricultural scientists and technicians who are constantly at the leading edge of scientific research in bio sciences and life sciences. The University of Waikato is a high performer in research commercialisation. We also show strength in sustainability and influence international thought in a range of fields and industries. For more information about the Faculty of Science & Engineering's research and innovation ventures, visit www.sci.waikato.ac.nz/research World-ranked The University of Waikato is a world-ranked, research-led University. You will learn from award-winning lecturers and world-leading researchers so you can be sure you’re in great hands. In rankings released in January 2015, Times Higher Education (THE) ranked the University of Waikato 61st out of 100 “most international” universities in the world. THE has used the international outlook indicators from its world rankings, and considers how many international students a university has, how many international staff teach and research there, and the proportion of research papers being generated with an international co-author. The latest International Student Barometer survey showed the University of Waikato is highly ranked by international students. Waikato was ranked number one in New Zealand for student support, and 11th in the world for careers office support. IELTS TOEFL Paper based TOEFL Internet based Overall band Writing band All Bands TOEFL TWE TOEFL Writing Score 6.0 - 6.0 550 5.0 79 20 IELTS TOEFL Paper based TOEFL Internet based Overall band Writing band All Bands TOEFL TWE TOEFL Writing Score 6.5 6.0 - 577 5.0 90 22 14 Faculty of Science & Engineering | University of Waikato Scholarships and prizes School leaver scholarships » The Vice-Chancellor's Academic Excellence School Leaver Scholarship ($5000) » The University of Waikato Academic Merit School Leaver Scholarship ($3000) » Science Admission Fees Scholarship ($4000) » Brian Perry Charitable Trust Undergraduate Scholarship Undergraduate scholarships and prizes Just some of the awards available to undergraduate science students: » Hamilton Zoo – Science and Engineering Studentship » Fisher and Paykel Healthcare Undergraduate Scholarship in Physics » Smartrak Software Development Scholarship ($4000) » Bruce Liley Prize in Physics » Dow Agrosciences Prize » Earth Sciences Excellence Award » H S Gibbs Prize in Earth Sciences » Jared Simpson Memorial Prize in Biological and/or Earth Sciences » Jeanette Gillespie Memorial Prize » New Zealand Institute of Chemistry J E Allan Memorial Prize » New Zealand Soil Science Undergraduate Prize » Orica Chemnet First Year Chemistry Prize » Shannon Young Award » Society of Materials Group New Zealand Incorporated (SMNZI) Student Prizes » Tom Shaw Memorial Prize For further information contact the Scholarships Office: » Email: [email protected] » Website: www.waikato.ac.nz/scholarships Scholarships galore for Kiriana Scholarships have helped a great deal with Kiriana Isgrove’s studies with a whopping $50,000 awarded to her over three years. Most recently Kiriana was awarded the $2000 Sir Apirana Ngata Memorial Scholarship and a $10,000 Dame Te Atairangikaahu Waikato Regional Council Scholarship. Before that she was also awarded a $10,000 Whānui Scholarship, which aims to encourage and support Māori as leaders in the agribusiness sector. And her ambitions don’t end there – she’s already taking her science knowledge to the world by joining a volunteer expedition to South America where she has helped with horticultural conservation work on the Galapagos Islands. Kiriana is a former student of Hauraki Plains College and she has just begun a Master of Science. At high school Kiriana considered herself an “average” student. "I find university so different, and I excel in most of my papers. I've achieved far better grades here and have been given opportunities I never thought I'd have." Scholarship winners: Each year the University of Waikato awards 10 Science Admission Fees Scholarships of up to $4000 each to science students beginning their first year of study. 15Study Science at Waikato Biological Sciences Study Biological Sciences at Waikato and begin your adventure on a lifelong journey of learning. Whether you enjoy solving problems in a laboratory or working outdoors, our degrees are hands-on from day one. As a biology student at Waikato you’ll benefit from one-on-one time with world-renowned researchers and enjoy significantly more practical laboratory time throughout your degree than at many other major tertiary providers. Surrounded by lakes, rivers and amazing ecosystems, the University of Waikato is uniquely placed in the heart of the North Island to provide the ultimate learning environment. Careers in Biological Sciences come in many shapes and sizes, with many offering opportunities for travel. From managing the Savannah animals at Hamilton Zoo, to working with embryos at a London fertility clinic, our graduates find jobs in exciting and challenging industries in New Zealand and overseas. Botany, ecosystems and restoration Plants are vital to the continuation of life on our planet, through their role as a source of energy for people, animals, birds and bugs. From humble mosses to towering kauri trees, the study of botany encompasses the structure and evolution of plants, their organisation into communities, their way of functioning and how they reproduce. Terrestrial ecology introduces you to the interactions between organisms and their environment, adaptation to environmental change and restoration principles. Naturally, this involves field trips to fascinating places such as Mount Taranaki, Waingaro Forest, Maungatautari Ecological Island and Pureora Forest Park. Restoration ecology is a specialisation across the disciplines relating to land, freshwater and marine ecology. Learn about the consequences of environmental change and destruction and how to set about the delicate and complicated task of recreating communities consisting of interdependent ecosystems. Experience the thrill of helping to secure the future of endangered species and witness the eradication of predators in communities of animals and birds. Cells, microbes and molecules – the basic building blocks of life Whether you’re in a field covered in mud or in a pristine laboratory, cells microbes and molecules are all around. Cell and molecular biology is the study of the machinery by which cells and whole organisms function. It combines genetics, biochemistry and cell biology to discover the role of proteins in all living organisms. Knowledge of genes and gene function enables the study of populations, for conservation, and when reconstructing evolutionary relationships. Microbiology concerns micro-organisms, typically bacteria and fungi; how to identify and culture them; how they live; how some infect and cause disease in plants and animals; and how we can make use of their activities. Micro-organisms are crucial to the function of an ecosystem and are an important component in biotechnology. Waikato University’s research in the discipline of thermophiles is highly regarded. Thermophiles are micro-organisms living in extreme environments such as the freezing temperatures of Antarctica and Rotorua’s thermal hot pools. In these areas, scientists find a collection of organisms, genes and enzymes which can be used in biotechnology studies. Marine and freshwater environments Water is the driving force in nature: it is one of our most valuable resources and the one most under threat. As a biologist you can study freshwater ecosystems including lakes, rivers, streams and wetlands, alongside marine environments such as the ocean and estuaries. At Waikato you’ll experience these environments first-hand, with field trips to areas such as Raglan beach and Rotorua lakes. Studying these ecosystems involves looking at the plant, animal and microbial populations that inhabit them and the structure and function of the water. Knowledge of organisms that live in these environments leads to an understanding of the processes and factors controlling populations, which is critical to an organism’s conservation and sustainable management. The distribution and abundance of organisms and how they carry out basic functions, such as feeding, metabolism and reproduction, is integral to this knowledge. Teaching is closely coupled with research that involves restoration of biodiversity in marine and freshwater habitats. 18 Faculty of Science & Engineering | University of Waikato Ella Grierson BSc, MSc, Biological Sciences Mercury Bay Area School, Whitianga Research Associate, Plant and Food Research Undergraduate and postgraduate study in biology has led to an exciting role in plant genetics for graduate Ella Grierson. Ella works in the plant pigments team at Plant and Food Research in Palmerston North. “I’m assisting with research focussed on understanding the genes responsible for certain valuable traits, to enable us to develop new plant cultivars faster. We use a wide range of techniques, and I’m currently working on projects involving molecular biology as well as tissue culture.” Ella says that no two days are the same and she’s enjoying working with like- minded people who share her enthusiasm for plant biology. “Being part of such a friendly team and to be contributing to our understanding of plant genetics is really exciting.” Start your degree in Tauranga In Tauranga, you may start by enrolling in either the Diploma in Environmental Management Level 6 or the Diploma in Marine Studies Level 6 with Bay of Plenty Polytechnic. Once you complete the full two years of either diploma (with a B average), you can then apply to enrol in the University’s Biological Sciences papers offered in Tauranga. Potential employers » Agricultural and fisheries sectors » Biotechnology industry » Conservation sector » Crown research industries » Medical and animal health diagnostic laboratories » National government, local bodies, regional and district councils » Non governmental organisations » Zoos Career opportunities » Agricultural researcher » Biosecurity officer » Chemical analyst » Conservation officer » Fisheries scientist » Forensic technician » Geneticist » Marine biologist » Medical sciences technician » Plant pathologist/ physiologist » Quarantine officer Study Science at Waikato 19 Biotechnology is the application of science and engineering to develop useful products and technologies from biological materials. Uses can stretch from cloning human cells and creating antibiotics, through to cheese making and beer brewing, or waste management and biofuels. In New Zealand, a country which relies heavily of the agriculture industry for a strong economy, biotechnologists work to increase yields from livestock and horticulture, while also ensuring farmers reduce their own impact on the environment. Due to the diverse range of uses for biotechnological research, study of this subject has become crucial in healing, fuelling and feeding the world both now and for future generations. The study of Biotechnology at Waikato University examines the extraction, recovery and purification of biochemicals from the meat, dairy and other industries and explores technological applications at industrial and molecular levels. Courteney Nielsen BSc, Biotechnology Cambridge High School Laboratory Technician, MilkTestNZ Courteney Nielsen is enjoying the ‘aha!’ moments, in her position as a Laboratory Technician at MilkTestNZ. “I love being able to use my degree in a practical way and the times when a piece of information just clicks, which is usually because of something I learnt at uni.” MilkTestNZ tests farm-supplier milk samples from across the country for milk composition and microbial quality. Courteney works in a lab environment across a range of different tests and machines with a team of 15-20 technicians. “The lab work involves sample sorting, component testing, BactoScan (a machine that provides a quick approximation of total bacterial count), plating and colony counting for specific organisms, and inhibitory substance testing. We are regularly rotated around the different roles in the laboratory and we are always learning new things, which means it’s always kept interesting and no two days are the same.” Courteney says her BSc gave her a good springboard to start from. “On-the- job training will always be necessary, but the practical training at university meant I was familiar with lab equipment, and the theory I learnt has helped me understand the reasons why we do what we do in the lab.” As for the future, Courteney is happy to have found such a great role straight out of study. “The company has a clear progression up the levels of technician, so I will always be up-skilling while I’m at MilkTestNZ.” Career opportunities » Bioengineer » Biotechnologist » Food technologist » Laboratory technician » Pharmaceutical engineer » Quality assurance officer Potential employers » Crown research institutes » Food and dairy industry » Pharmaceutical industry » Private research companies » Universities and polytechnics Biotechnology 20 Faculty of Science & Engineering | University of Waikato Nicholas Kuan BSc(Tech), Chemistry St John’s College, Hamilton With an excellent reputation for chemistry research, a relaxed campus, and a handful of scholarships on offer, former St John’s College student Nicholas Kuan knew the University of Waikato was the right choice for him. The opportunity to complete a summer research project after his first year of a BSc(Tech) has been a highlight for Nicholas, who says the new challenges he faced during his study meant he learnt a range of different chemistry techniques in a short time. Alongside experts in the field, his research project looked into the antibacterial properties of mānuka honey. The research investigated the limitations of a recently-published method for quantifying dihydroxyacetone (DHA), which is one of the components involved when determining the Unique Mānuka Factor (UMF) of a sample of honey. “I have a real interest in food chemistry and hope to work towards a career in this industry. However, at the moment I’m focused on learning the fundamentals of chemistry, alongside papers in physics, biological sciences and calculus.” Cody Wright BSc, MSc(Research), Chemistry Katikati College Technologist, Hill Laboratories, Hamilton As a Technologist at Hill Laboratories, Cody is using chemistry to help ensure that horticultural products are safe to eat. Hill Laboratories supplies testing services to a large range of clients from New Zealand and overseas to make sure that what people consume at the end of the production process meets regulations and has no harmful chemicals. Products as diverse as kiwifruit through to dried spices are tested for pesticide and other residue levels using a suite of high-tech equipment. “My main role as a Technologist involves developing new testing methods and improving existing methods in the lab and assessing how the lab instruments will handle the tests I design.” Cody was offered his current position soon after graduating and cites choosing to study at Waikato as the best career decision he could have made. “During my undergraduate studies I received a Summer Research Scholarship which gave me a head start on my masters thesis research. The MSc(Research) gave me a real enthusiasm for research and so it’s been a real buzz to work in a research and development orientated job.” Study Science at Waikato 23 Environmental Sciences If we are to achieve environmental sustainability, we need to understand how the environment works and ensure we leave the world in a healthy functioning state for future generations. Pressures and impacts on our environment are increasing as the human population grows and we recognise the need to manage our soil, water, ecological, marine, mineral, and energy resources in a sustainable manner. Environmental Sciences is the interdisciplinary study of our environment and our role in its management. Environmental Science draws on all the sciences, but particularly ecology and Earth sciences. Environmental Sciences can provide the scientific basis for understanding environmental problems, and finding solutions to them. As an environmental scientist or technician, you can become directly involved in effective environmental management. Specialisations Our degree structures allow the flexibility for you to develop your own programme of study or choose a defined specialisation in: » Environmental Microbiology: You will learn about the important role microorganisms play in underpinning environmental processes, from recycling nutrients to bioremediation of contaminated sites. » Environmental Modelling: Learn to use computer models to understand, and predict changes in, a range of environments such as estuaries, lakes, rivers, coastlines, climate, waves, and ocean currents. » Land and Freshwater Environments: Discover the importance of the sustainable management of soil and water resources for human survival, biodiversity and wider ecological values. » Marine Sciences: Explore marine organisms and the sustainable management of marine environments, including processes such as the effects of coastal erosion and sedimentation. Career opportunities » Agricultural adviser » Biosecurity officer » Coastal resource manager » Consent planner » Environmental analyst » Environmental scientist » Hydrologist » Oceanographer » Water resource manager Potential employers » Crown research institutes » Education providers » Energy companies » Environmental consultancies » National government, local bodies, regional and district councils » Non-governmental organisations Sarah Bowler BSc, Environmental Sciences Rangitikei College When Sarah visited Waikato University as a school student she fell in love with the serene campus and was impressed by the approachable staff. Now she is in her final semester of a BSc and the university has lived up to her high expectations. “At Waikato Uni I don’t just get swallowed up by the crowds of people. I get the chance to be an individual and stand out and that comes from being on a first-name basis with lecturers and tutors. The relatively smaller class sizes and the close student-teacher relationships have been so valuable for me in my studies so far.” In addition to study Sarah is working part-time at DairyNZ, an organisation dedicated to dairy industry success through ongoing sustainability, profitability and innovation. 24 Faculty of Science & Engineering | University of Waikato Environmental Planning Are you interested in understanding the nature of our environment and the ways in which humans interact with it? Does identifying challenges and finding innovative and sustainable solutions appeal to you? Do you want a vocational qualification that leads to a career? The study of environmental planning is based on the recognition that environmental problems and solutions involve social, economic and cultural dimensions as well as the natural and physical environment. The Environmental Planning programme at Waikato is strongly interdisciplinary. You will be encouraged to see the links between human behaviour and environmental consequences through papers that combine social science and the natural sciences. The programme will provide you with knowledge and skills for careers in urban planning, environmental management and sustainability. Career opportunities » City planner » Community development co-ordinator » Conservation planner » Environmental consultant » Environmental educator » Environmental planner » Iwi planning co-ordinator » Policy analyst » Resource consent planner Potential employers » National government, local bodies, regional and district councils » Natural resource users such as dairy and energy companies » Planning consultancies » Resource management consultancies » Surveying and engineering companies Degree options Environmental Planning can be studied as an interdisciplinary major in a Bachelor of Science or Bachelor of Science (Technology) through the Faculty of Science & Engineering or as a Bachelor of Environmental Planning with an Environmental Science and Resource Planning pathway through the Faculty of Arts & Social Sciences. Scott Richardson BSc, Environmental Planning Mount Maunganui College An excellent reputation, a location close to home and flexible science and engineering degrees meant the University of Waikato ticked all the boxes for current student Scott Richardson. This flexibility came in handy when Scott decided to switch from his original choice of engineering to a science degree majoring in Environmental Planning. “My supporting subjects are coastal oceanography and coastal geomorphology. I’m also looking forward to completing papers in marine biology and geographical information science.” And while he has enjoyed learning about new and interesting topics in science, he has also relished the opportunity to explore the Waikato region. “Field trips have given me the chance to put the skills I’ve learnt in lectures and laboratories into practice in the real world.” Study Science at Waikato 25 Efficiently converting New Zealand’s raw materials and commodity goods into products is important to the national economy. To do this, we need to understand the properties of materials as diverse as food, wood, metals, plastics and fuel. Once we have this knowledge, we can design processes to manufacture these materials into local and export products. Materials and processing skills are used during industrial and other activities where materials are undergoing chemical, biochemical or physical changes. Process engineering involves knowing how to prepare raw materials, how to make reactions occur, and how to separate and purify the products. It also involves understanding how to limit and treat wastes, minimise energy use, and consider sustainable processes. Ultimately, value is added to raw materials to manufacture useful products that can be as varied as dietary formulae, foods, ceramics that can withstand high temperatures, new metal alloys, pharmaceuticals, laminated boards, functional proteins, and composites. Materials and Processing can also be studied as part of a Bachelor of Engineering (Honours) (BE(Hons)) under the programme of Materials and Process Engineering. The BE(Hons) is accredited by the Institution of Professional Engineers New Zealand (IPENZ). Find out more about studying this programme in our publication "Study Engineering at Waikato." Biodegradable plastic from animal protein waste University of Waikato researchers have invented a novel manufacturing process to turn low-value animal protein into high-value biodegradable plastic. In New Zealand, bloodmeal is produced as a co-product from the meat industry and is available in large quantities, typically used as animal feed or fertiliser. The new product, called Novatein™, uses bloodmeal and standard plastic processing equipment to produce bioplastic with a wide range of applications including seedling trays, plant pots, pegs, and vine clips. Its unusual ingredient – bloodmeal – offers a cost competitive, sustainable alternative to petroleum-based plastic resins. Its bloodmeal colour can also be modified, giving it a translucent, honey-coloured appearance. "For me, the most gratifying thing is being able to use low-value sustainable materials to create a high-value product that breaks down without polluting the environment," says University of Waikato chemical and biological engineer Dr Johan Verbeek. Career opportunities » Energy efficiency engineer » Environmental engineer » Materials engineer (plastics, composites, metallurgy) » Process design engineer » Products/process development engineer Potential employers » Crown research institutes » Environmental industries » Food and dairy industries » Iron and steel manufacturing » Oil and gas industries » Petrochemical and plastics industry » Pulp, paper and wood industries Materials and Processing 28 Faculty of Science & Engineering | University of Waikato Potential employers » Electronics companies » Energy sector » Government agencies » Health and medical sector » Universities and polytechnics Physics aims to understand the entire physical world, from the sub-atomic to the cosmological. Physics is a fundamental science that involves understanding the basic principles by which all things in the universe exist and operate. Therefore physics is a foundation of other scientific disciplines and the natural basis of all the technology disciplines such as electronics, engineering and computer science, which were pioneered by physicists. Many famous scientists, such as Einstein and Newton were physicists. Physicists are versed in mathematics, computer programming, experimental science and the design of complex instruments. As such, they are among the most versatile scientists, able to easily cross boundaries into other disciplines such as chemistry, biology, medicine, Earth and planetary sciences. For example, there are biophysicists, geophysicists, astrophysicists and neurophysicists. Physics papers are organised into theoretical, experimental and electronics subject areas. Electronic engineering is a technology of close interest to this subject and includes the theory, design and construction of electronic devices, instruments and systems. Career opportunities » Astronomy » Banking and financial modelling » Defence and armed forces » Medical physics » Meteorology and climate change » Nanotechnology » Telecommunications and information systems Corban Neeley BSc, Physics Whangarei Boys’ High School Current Master of Physics student at the University of Western Australia Corban has set his sights on becoming a medical physicist – a job he never knew existed before studying Physics at Waikato University. After playing guitar for years and being the front man in a band, Corban decided to study electronics and learn how to fix his own equipment. He expanded his knowledge further and continued study in an area he had always been passionate about – physics. “The mathematical side of physics creates a deeper understanding of everyday life. Physics has opened my eyes to a number of career opportunities which I was never aware of and has made me passionate about several different areas.” Corban was recognised for his academic achievements through two scholarships – the University of Waikato Adult Learners Scholarship and the Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Undergraduate Scholarship in Physics. Corban says university is a life-changing experience. “Waikato has a really good down-to-earth vibe about it. The lecturers are approachable and always make themselves available to help you understand a topic.” Following a BSc at Waikato University, he was awarded a full scholarship to complete a Master of Physics specialising in Medical Physics, at the University of Western Australia. He is currently in his final year and in the process of writing up his thesis. Physics Study Science at Waikato 29 Electronics is the science and technology concerned with the controlled flow of electrons and other carriers of electric charge. Electronics covers a wide range of exciting modern developments ranging from microscopic electronic circuits and machines, mobile and computer communications, advances in medical diagnosis and treatment, to developments in the latest audio and video technologies. Studying electronics will give you valuable skills in electronic engineering and design. You will have the option to specialise in some of the most progressive areas in electronics today such as optoelectronics or mechatronics. Optoelectronics deals with the conversion of electrical signals to light or vice-versa. Examples such as solar cells, fibre optics and lasers are integral components of everyday devices such as supermarket barcode scanners and long distance communication systems. Mechatronics combines aspects of electronic software and mechanical engineering to produce devices such as printers, cars, aircraft, photocopiers and even washing machines. These are fast-growing areas in which you can develop a productive and satisfying career. Electronics can also be studied as part of a Bachelor of Engineering (Honours) (BE(Hons)) under the programme of Electronic Engineering. The BE(Hons) is accredited by the Institution of Professional Engineers New Zealand (IPENZ). Find out more about studying this programme in our publication "Study Engineering at Waikato." Potential employers » Electrotechnology and electronics industries » Health and biomedical industries » Information technology and telecommunications sectors Career opportunities » Design engineer » Electronic engineer » Electronic technician » Information systems engineer » Mechatronic designer » Programmer Enhanced surge protection technology A supercapacitor-based surge protector, the S-TViQ, invented by University of Waikato Senior Lecturer Nihal Kularatna, has made it to commercialisation. Mr Kularatna discovered that unlike existing surge absorption products that have a limited lifetime which degrade with every surge, supercapacitors can absorb countless power surges without any degradation. He went on to develop a supercapacitor-based circuit with the potential to offer longer lifetime components and superior surge protection than existing products. "As electronic circuits become more sophisticated, consumer electronic products are becoming more sensitive to power issues such as high voltage surges and spikes," he says. "The S-TViQ is like an electronic shock absorber and can be used for devices such as desktops computers, tablets, TVs and cash registers." Mr Kularatna was born and brought up in Sri Lanka, which he says is a lightning-prone country. "I saw a lot of damage done to electrical and electronic equipment in home and work environments, so finding a way to protect this type of equipment from transient surges in power has been a lifelong interest of mine." Electronics Faculty of Science & Engineering | University of Waikato30 The big challenges facing the world today require research that transcends disciplinary boundaries. That requires flexibility in the ways we seek to understand the world and the ways we prepare for the future. Waikato’s scientists work together across disciplines, creating a cohesive unit and providing our students with unique opportunities. Whatever science discipline appeals to you, we have the experts who will provide you with the skills you'll need in the future. Waikato PhD graduate Megan Grainger is working hard to unlock the antibacterial properties of honey, a scientific project that will help the beekeeping industry and will provide new markets around the world. sci.waikato.ac.nz/thefutureiscalling Megan Grainger Bachelor of Science, Master of Science (Research), PhD Fraser High School Faculty of Science and Engineering Te Mātauranga Pūtaiao me te Pūkaha W H E R E T H E W O R L D I S G O I N G T E A H U N G A O T E A O ©The University of Waikato, April 2015. The University of Waikato Private Bag 3105 Hamilton 3240 New Zealand Toll Free: 0800 WAIKATO Website: www.waikato.ac.nz Faculty of Science & Engineering Phone: +64 7 838 4625 Fax: +64 7 838 4218 Email: [email protected] Toll Free: 0800 438 254 Website: sci.waikato.ac.nz