Counseling and Consultation Models, Exams of Social Work

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CPCE Exam

Josiah is getting counseling for his anxieties. His counselor mentions that treatment planning will be triadic. If the counselor uses the Capian model of consultation, the role of the consultant is: - to guide the counselor and Josiah as they discuss details that will lead to an anxiety disorder diagnosis. The triadic feature of counseling and consultation includes the consultant, counselor, and client. Within the Capian model, the consultant acts as a supervisor in relation to the counselor and client reaching a diagnosis. Counselors should maintain continuous communication with prescribers who are known as - physicians who prescribe medication to clients. Physicians who prescribe medication are known as prescribers in the counseling field. Counselors are expected to maintain contact between such professionals when dealing with a client who is taking medications, especially for disorders they are dealing with. A counselor is working with a client who has trouble in social groups and with his identity within society as a whole. The client deems to be politically aware and concerned, so the counselor develops a list of political groups that the client may consider joining. The client immediately begins crossing off groups that do not seem to align with his views or interests. It is likely that the client is experiencing - uncertainty reduction. Uncertainty reduction is part of the social identity theory. During this process, people seek out groups and environments that are predictable and align with their preferences. Part of one's gender identity involves sexual orientation. A good definition of sexual orientation is - sexual preference. Sexual preference refers to one's sexual orientation, and the sex to which one is attracted to. Per Albert Bandura's social cognitive theory, outcomes of modeled behavior, regardless of whether such outcomes are the result of reinforcement or punishment, are part of a _____ experience. - vicarious Vicarious outcomes of a situation based on modeled behavior are deemed as such because they provoke emotional responses. This term was coined by Albert Bandura. Per Lev Vygotsky, young children develop speech and language through a series of stages to reach communicative and egocentric speech while developing inner speech. Which of the following statements is NOT true? - While developing autonomous speech, children will begin to develop an internal dialogue.

Lev Vygotsky posited that speech and language development occurs in various stages. These include pre-intellectual speech (crying, babbling), autonomous speech (word invention), naive psychology (object-word recognition), and communicative and egocentric speech. The latter includes further development of vocabulary and speaking in monologues. If a counselor is helping a client overcome anxieties by counting backwards from one to ten, listening to soothing music when tense, and practicing yoga, the counselor is giving - hypofocus treatment. Hypofocus treatment is given to clients to help them to fend off negativity and help them to focus on the present. Techniques like counting backwards, listening to soothing music, or doing yoga can be part of a hypofocus treatment. In relation to grief and bereavement counseling, grief counseling is - more broadly applied to loss. Bereavement counseling is focused on loss due to death, while grief counseling is more focused on loss, in general, and can relate to loss due to death or the loss of a relationship or job. A counselor is guiding a client through a cultural formulation interview. The client has struggled with social activities and has various phobias. The counselor and client have already evaluated how the client's culture may influence his socialization habits and development of certain phobias. Thereafter, the counselor and client discuss how his socialization and phobias would be defined by others, especially those within his own culture. It is likely that the next domain for the counselor and client will move into is - identification of previous coping methods concerning socialization and phobias. A cultural formulation interview is comprised of four main domains. The first focuses on the cultural definition of the problem, while the second focuses on cultural concepts associated with the cause of any issue(s). The counselor and client have worked through the first two domains and will move into the third domain, which is focused on identification of past coping and how cultural factors may have influenced such coping. One of the most commonly acceptable forms of unnatural termination between a client and counselor relationship is - a practicum student termination. Unnatural terminations occur when a client-counselor relationship is abruptly ended. This may occur for various reasons. One of the more common reasons is a practicum student abruptly leaving after fulfilling educational requirements. A psychologist is meeting with a child's parents individually to establish when best she can observe the child interacting with each parent separately. The psychologist, as well, is reviewing any court

documents and information from the child's interview. The psychologist is partaking in such processes because she is most concerned about - granting appropriate custody of the child. When conducting a child custody evaluation, psychologists will attempt to interview all involved individually and observe the child interacting with family members. The psychologist, as well, will review any court documents prior to writing a report that establishes specific custodial recommendations. A counselor is assessing a client's IQ and aptitude. The most appropriate type of assessment is probably

• a functioning assessment. Functioning assessments are those that evaluate clients' abilities, as determined by people's IQs and aptitudes. In analyzing the dispersion of a data set, a counselor will identify variable changes and reach conclusions from - inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics lends to identifying general trends in data, through, for instance, recognition of the dispersion (variances). Inferential statistics uses such findings to form conclusions that will support or negate the hypothesis. In behavioral therapy, a client fails to meet the goal of passing a major test. Based on the therapy's methodology, the client is likely to - relearn and retry. Behaviorism therapy is focused on goal setting and behaviors needed to attain such goals. A client who does not meet a goal will be expected to relearn or retry. The outcome of affective counseling focuses on self-actualization. A good definition of self- actualization is - attaining one's full potential. Self-actualization is focused on self-fulfillment and recognition of one's full potential. Affective counseling encourages people to take responsibility for their emotions and seek out their best selves. In relation to cognitive and emotional functions, problems, and attitudes, relational emotive behavior therapy is focused on - change

Rational emotive behavior therapy is focused on altering cognitive and emotional functions, redefining problems, and changing attitudes. This type of therapy considers both cognitive and behavioral approaches. A person who breaks a law that she perceives as unjust, such as civil-rights advocates did in the 1960s, is in _____ of moral development. - the first post-conventional stage (stage five) A person who breaks a law that she perceives as unjust, such as civil-rights advocates did in the 1960s, is in the first post-conventional stage (stage five) of moral development. The aged population - is growing by a large percentage. McDonald's using Olympic athletes in its ads is classical conditioning because _____. - it links healthy athletes with fast food, planting the idea that fast food is healthy When you think of Olympic athletes, you think of healthy, muscular people who are the picture of health and fitness. In order to plant the idea that McDonald's food is healthy, the company sponsored Olympic athletes who appeared in their ads. Non-judgmental response is also often referred to as _____. - unconditional positive regard Non-judgmental response is also often referred to as unconditional positive regard. Unconditional positive regard is a concept of Carl Roger's Person-Centered Therapy and involves the counselor accepting the client regardless of the client's background, lifestyle, history, etc. Students who are disabled will be led by special ed teachers through a program called: - Individualized education program A student with a disability can go through an IEP, or individualized education program, which is guided, assessed, and monitored by the special ed teacher. No matter how much he wants to stop, Jim cannot stop playing World of Warcraft. There are days he will log in at work and continue playing even though it impacts his performance. What is Jim's need for online gaming considered? - A compulsion

Jim's online gaming may be considered a compulsion, meaning he is having a great need to perform a behavior no matter how much he wants to stop. Sometimes this compulsion goes way beyond just a need and may entail detailed planning of how and when to perform this behavior in the future. What is psychological measurement? - The process of assessing psychological traits The process of assessing psychological traits, like stereotyped thinking or traits like anxiety or intelligence, is called psychological measurement. If a counselor chooses to practice theoretical purity the following is true: - they work only with clients who will benefit from the techniques of a particular theoretical model they can refer clients to other counselors when needed they only use one theoretical model in their counseling practice Career development counselors allow businesses to - make better use of employee skills. increase the loyalty of employees. enhance communication. increase retention. The American Counseling Association's Vista Online has published a four-step method for completing a needs assessment that school counselors can follow. What is Step One of this method? - Identify the research questions the assessment will answer that should result in achieving goals for the person or persons being studied Step One of the four-step method is to identify the research questions the assessment will answer, which should result in achieving certain goals for the person or persons being studied. These questions will drive the needs assessment throughout the study, but especially in the data collection and analysis phase of the assessment. Research questions should be structured around queries of how or why something is occurring. What would you call someone who has sufficient training to obtain some type of counseling certification but does not possess an advanced degree? - Paraprofessional Which type of model is the Caplan model? - Mental health The Caplan model is a mental health model that can either be used in a client-supervisor relationship or when one counselor asks for the expertise of another counselor regarding something with which the consultee counselor is unfamiliar. Which of the following is important in transactional analysis theory: - structural analysis game analysis

script analysis Which of the following describes the child effect theory? - A child's behavior, attitude, and predisposition influence their parents' behavior. The child effects model of influence highlights the influence of children on their parents. A child's behavior, age, and disposition can greatly influence how a parent makes decisions and interacts with their child. John is seeking therapy because of his addiction to pain medication. His family is embarrassed and angry with his addiction, and do not provide any support. Which barrier to attaining treatment goals would this demonstrate? - Unhealthy support system Not having the support of his family demonstrates an unhealthy support system, and could definitely be a barrier to John achieving his treatment goals. It is important to have a healthy support system that supports a client's goals and helps them to achieve them. A person who has parents from several different ethnic groups is considered _____. - multiracial A person whose parents represent multiple ethnic groups is usually described as multiracial. An elaborated version of Parson's approach to vocational counseling was called: - The Trait and Factor Theory Approach A developed version of basic vocational counseling was known as, The Trait and Factory Theory Approach. It was created by E.G. Williamson. In most states _____ counselors do not have to be licensed. - school Who executes the child custody evaluation? - A court appointed psychologist A court appointed psychologist that is trained in doing these types of evaluations does the child custody evaluation. Self-help groups - put people together who have similar problems. To determine what needs to be done with the client, a rehab counselor will - Perform an evaluation

What does Cohesion measure? - A family's degree of closeness Cohesion measures a family's degree of emotional closeness with one another. A client tells a counselor that she is having difficulty getting into a shelter for her and her kids. The client is being evicted from her home in a week and needs a plan of where she will live. The counselor has some contacts at homeless shelters in the area and makes a few phone calls. - Client advocacy The counselor is directly assisting the client by making phone calls to shelters. This is a form of social justice advocacy that is on a smaller individual scale. Which educational psychology perspective proposes that learning occurs through observation? - Social-Cognitive Social cognitive psychology is the perspective in which learning by observing others is the focus of study. Why is it helpful for psychologists to use a diagnosis instead of a list of symptoms? - It increases the ability to accurately communicate between mental health professionals. Brian doesn't like being told what to do. He feels bossed around by his parents and doesn't want to listen to his teachers. Brian has a(n): - Issue with authority Since Brian doesn't like being told what to do by those in authority positions, he has an issue with authority. Which of the following situations describes a problem in the dimension of thought? - You are terrified because you believe the clouds are giant marshmallows and it will soon start raining sugar The thought and emotions dimensions deal with the internal landscape and reactions of an individual. People who think differently, drastically differently, can have difficulties with social issues, and they will likely behave differently as well. An example is an individual who is terrified because he believes the clouds are giant marshmallows and it will soon start raining sugar. This thinking will more than likely cause social difficulties. Darren measures how tall his younger brother is. Which of the following types of measurement is Darren using? - Direct observation

Observing someone's hair color is an example of direct observation, whereby a researcher can look at a person and see the trait they are measuring. Physical characteristics, like hair color, eye color, and body type, are all able to be directly observed. The idea that we are striving to obtain realization, fulfillment, autonomy, self-determination, and perfection is known as ___. - actualizing tendency The idea of striving toward realization, fulfillment, autonomy, self-determination and perfection is referred to as actualizing tendency. Interest, aptitude, or intelligence have to do with which occupational factor? - Psychological The skill set, aptitudes and personal interests that an individual holds will ultimately affect their choice of occupation. These are considered psychological factors. Which of the following is an example of applied psychological research? - Research measuring the level of impairment of driving skills with alcohol intoxication Applied research is one type of research that is used to answer a specific question that has direct applications to the world. This is the type of research that solves a problem, such as figuring out how to measure the level of impairment of driving skills while intoxicated. Professional organizations for counselors work as _________ to increase awareness and improve overall working conditions. - advocates Professional organizations provide advocacy for their members and the counseling field at large. Working as advocates, the professional organizations increase public awareness and fight for the rights of those in the counseling field. Who is the client in the organizational model? - The employees Always remember that there are three parties involved (it is a triadic relationship). The consultant is the counselor, the consultant is the company, the clients are the employees. The reason for this is that the company is asking how they can retain employees, increase worker satisfaction and other matters that concern their employees when using a counselor as a consultant. All of the following statements are true about the ego EXCEPT: - It accounts for our aggressive tendencies

The ego mediates the demands of the id and the superego. It tries to find a socially appropriate way to satisfy what the id wants. Resistance is a focus of the gestalt theory, and introjection is part of this. A good definition for introjection is - passive world experiences. Introjection, a form of resistance, is the result of people passively partaking in world experiences. A therapeutic approach that reasons that problems people face and actions associated with these are the result of thinking and mental processes aligns with the _____ approach. - cognitive therapy Cognitive therapeutic approaches focus on cognitive functioning and the effects thereof on people's issues and the problems they face. Therapy is often needed for those who experience faulty reasoning, also known as cognitive distortions. The principles of reinforcement and punishment are applied to learning in which of the following techniques? - applied behavior analysis What is the primary reason that various strategies like art and play therapy are used in counseling? - To help kids bring out their inner feelings and move through them to heal The biggest reason that strategies like art and play therapy are used in sessions, is to draw out children's feelings and thoughts, and help them process through them. Many people buy alcohol, lottery tickets or eat more food than they should on occasion. Which of the following could be a factor that would influence addiction in one person rather than another? - A person's particular type of lifestyle Not every person who buys a lottery ticket or drinks one beer will become an addict. However, based on the choices above, one factor that might influence addiction in a person could be a particular type of lifestyle which is a factor in developing addictions. Counselors working with children and adolescents - ethically should maintain confidentiality. have a legal obligation to inform parents. may be lay witnesses. should have parent's permission to see the child in private practice. A researcher is working on a scientific experiment where it is important to measure the temperature at which the acid he is analyzing becomes a gas and highly toxic. Why should he use an interval scale? -

Because both the order and difference between the temperature level matters. When the order and differences between the levels of a variable matter, but they are not in a ratio, it is measured on an interval scale. A cornerstone of Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development is that society and culture play a key role in promoting development. What type of perspective is this considered to be? - A sociocultural perspective Vygotsky's theory is sometimes referred to as having a sociocultural perspective, which means the theory emphasizes the importance of society and culture for promoting cognitive development. How does a counseling consultant perform their role? - The counselor either observes or acts as an expert to provide advice Consultation is a third party activity. This means that the consultant is not directly responsible for the client, but acts as a subject matter expert. Cynthia is a counselor who is helping Jack and Jill with discipline of their son, Joe. Counselors like Cynthia help people with a myriad of problems. Which area of assistance is Cynthia helping Jack and Jill with specifically? - Family management Family management is one of the various areas of which counselors work with people. It includes helping parents manage and discipline their children, so that the family works in a cohesive manner. When creating a client's treatment plan, you have the client identify things that they would like to accomplish during the treatment process. Which part of a treatment plan does this demonstrate? - Treatment goals and objectives Treatment goals and objectives can be identified as things that the client would like to accomplish during the treatment process. When an individual experiences an interruption to or loss of normal thought process, this is known as a _____. - Cognitive disorder Cognitive disorders occur when a person experiences a loss or interruption of normal thought processes. There are three general types of cognitive disorders: dementia, delirium, and amnesia. Donald Super's developmental self-concept theory concentrated on stages during the lifespan, including _____. -

The years from birth to early 20s The 20s The 30s The 40s All answers are correct. Donald Super's developmental self-concept theory looked at our career progression in developmental stages of growth. As we develop, we go through stages toward career maturity. This includes the time from birth to retirement. According to emotional development theories, _____ - 11-year-olds are better at understanding other people's emotions than 3-year-olds. 11-year-olds are better at understanding other people's emotions than 3-year-olds because they are older and therefore more emotionally developed. Identify the best example of the transactional effect from the following choices. - A father spends a lot of time reading with his son. The son's relationship with the father is strengthened due to this, and the father's tension about parenting is softened. According transactional effect, if problems develop early into the relationship between parent and child (such as lack of understanding, neglect, or trust), the interactions and relationships will be poor. However, if the parent-child transactions are more positive in nature, the child will develop and thrive, and the relationship between parent and child will flourish. Adler's theory is centered around the idea - of growth and reaching our potential. Frenchman ____ reformed the way the mentally ill were treated in the 18th century. - Philippe Pinel Substitution happens when: - A cultural trait is switched out for something different How are sex and gender different? - Sex is a means of classifying males and females based on sexual organs. Gender is a psychological state of being male or female. A person's sex is determined by their sexual organs. Gender identity is a psychological state of being male or female. Which step of the action research process is concerned with how learning and results can be used to help future issues within the organization? - Specifying Learning What is the difference between empathetic response and being sympathetic? -

Empathy is expressing a deep understanding of someone else's plight. Empathy involves a deep understanding of someone else's plight. During counseling sessions, counselors can use the techniques of self-disclosure and congruence to foster empathetic dialogue with their clients. Sympathy is a feeling of sadness that we have for someone else. Enrollment in a college or university is called _________. - matriculation Matriculation is the term for official enrollment in a college or university. School counselors are important in terms of student matriculation as they work hard to keep students on track and support them through the application process. A transaction is: - the fundamental unit of social interaction EBP stands for: - evidence based practice What is an example of art therapy? - Drawing in the presence of a counselor and showing the work to him or her An example of art therapy includes a counselor instructing a student to draw in his or her presence. What type of developmental delays do people with autism and Asperger's syndrome have? - Emotional and behavioral People with autism and Asperger's syndrome have emotional and behavioral developmental delays. They have problems communicating and interacting with others. They have very rigid behavioral patterns and don't like it when their schedule is interrupted. Licensure and certification differ in purpose but are alike in - requiring an examination. requiring certain coursework. requiring training. desire to protect the public. Prevailing theories in psychology suggest that the main factors influencing our personalities include all of the following EXCEPT which one? - Strangers Studies suggest that personality results from a mix of sources that include family, friends, genetics, and experiences over time.

The basic foundational tools involved in developing effective counseling relationships and a positive environment for change are: - microskills Education provided to a person about a mental health condition is called: - psychoeducation If a client is experiencing chemical dependency, which of the following could be a short-term goal for them? - Identify triggers for substance use A short-term goal for chemical dependency would be identifying triggers for substance use, since this is something that could be achieved in the near future. The other examples provided would be examples of long-term goals, since they would require more time and planning before they could be achieved. Vincent lost his wife Amelia to cancer. When he meets with a therapist, the therapist says, 'When Amelia died, what were you feeling and thinking?' What two grief counseling techniques is the therapist using? - Speaking about the loss; being direct The therapist is asking Vincent to talk about the loss--his feelings, thoughts, what he was doing and where he was--when his wife died. This is a grief counseling technique that can prove very cathartic and freeing. She is also being direct in saying Amelia's name and using the word, 'died,' instead of euphemisms such as 'passed away.' It is helpful to be direct and use the loved one's name during bereavement counseling. Vocational rehabilitation works with - employees who have had accidents. employees who have become disabled. employees who have mental disabilities. employees with substance abuse problems. Which statement below identifies a major difference between learning theories and psychoanalytic theories? - Learning theories can be tested and applied to real life situations. The major strength of behavioral learning theories is their ability to be tested and to be practically applied. This differs from psychoanalytic theories because the ideas involved are difficult to test. Because of this, psychoanalytic theory does not have substantial research available to support its ideas. Family systems theory says: - Families act as units Families should be studied as systems

Individuals should not be studied without taking into account their family system Barbara is best friends with Carla outside of their PTSD support group. Carla often comes off as being angry and aggressive. Barbara can't be honest with Carla about her anger because she fears it will ruin their friendship. This group dynamic refers to: - Group coalitions ____ is known as the father of psychology. - Wilhelm Wundt Which of the following best describes a belief system? - Certain principles that help us define our role and the world around us. Ethics are - suggested standards of conduct based on values The concept that development occurs biologically, intellectually, and emotionally is called _____. - multi-dimensionality One aspect of life span development is that development is multidimensional, or change happens across many different aspects (biologically, intellectually and emotionally) of a human life. This is the theory that describes learning as an active process of constructing new ideas or concepts based on previous knowledge: - Constructivism The idea of discovery learning is often referred to as constructivism, which emphasizes the active role of the learner in building and constructing new ideas and concepts in order to understand and make sense of information. ____ argued that people with abnormal behavior suffered from mental illness, not witchcraft. - Johann Weyer What is an interprofessional communication? - A communication with someone from a different profession As counselors, we often interact with different professionals, and these are called interprofessional communications. Dr. Nodd does a study in which she observes parents and their children interacting at home. She finds that the more supportive parents are, the less aggressive their children are. What conclusion can Dr. Nodd make? - Level of support and aggression are negatively correlated.

As the level of support increases, aggression decreases so we know that these two variables move in opposite directions and they are negatively correlated. What does the diathesis-stress model say? - Vulnerability and stress combine to lead to mental illness. The diathesis-stress model of psychology says that a combination of vulnerability to a mental illness and life stress causes a person to develop a psychological disorder. What does a counselor who comes from a behavioral perspective focus on? - The actions of an individual and how they are reinforced Behavioral Therapy is concerned with what we do and what reinforcement continues our actions. Ethnic identity usually begins to develop during _____. - adolescence The ethnic identity of an individual usually begins to develop in adolescence. However, ethnic identity is not fully developed until adulthood for most people. Which educational perspective proposes that the responsibility of learning falls on the learner rather than the teacher? - Constructivist Constructivism proposes the idea that the learner constructs, rather than absorbs, knowledge from his or her experiences, therefore is responsible for his or her own learning. The working stage is when - members feel most comfortable to disclose. members can roleplay their problem. members may be given homework to do between sessions. members are able to talk about what they have learned in group. Which of the following is NOT a strategy older adults can use to delay a slowdown in their cognitive development? - Sleeping more Physical exercise, mental 'workouts,' like doing crossword or Sudoku puzzles, or taking a class, can help slow cognitive decay in the elderly. Humanistic psychologists like Maslow believe we can reach self-actualization, which is: - Achieving our highest unique potential

Maslow's hierarchy of needs demonstrates how individuals can achieve self-actualization and achieve their highest potential if first satisfying needs like food, safety, self-esteem, and belonging. Jane is seeking therapy after struggling with depression for several months. She feels that therapy will help her and she has expressed that she trusts you with her treatment. Which strength in attaining goals does this demonstrate? - Positive view of treatment Jane has expressed that she feels positive about therapy and that she trusts you as her therapist. Having this positive view of the treatment process can certainly be a strength in helping her to achieve her treatment goals. Cathy is a client who is experiencing panic attacks after being a victim of a robbery. What might be a long-term treatment goal for Cathy? - Recovery from trauma In Cathy's situation, recovery from the traumatic event that she experienced would be a long-term goal, since it is something that will probably take a lot of time to achieve. The other examples of goals that are provided would be short-term goals, since they could more likely be attained in the near future. Whether a person is male or female is known as his or her_____. - Gender How is the term vernacular associated with the theory of acculturation? - Vernacular is considered part of the language element of acculturation because it includes the local dialect and word choices used in the native language. The term vernacular is considered part of the language element of acculturation because it includes the local dialect and word choices used in the native language. For example, in Great Britain the word 'loo' is used to represent what is know in the United States as a bathroom. The word 'loo' is considered vernacular language, being that it is part of the local dialect and word choice assigned to that item. It is unethical for a counselor - to have a sexual relationship with a client. to say they can do techniques they have not been trained to do. to counsel family members. to take advantage of a client because of having power over them. All answers are correct. Counselors should not engage in techniques for which they have not had training. Counselors should never engage in sexual relationships with clients. Other dual relationships

should also be handled with caution. Counseling friends or relatives can be a conflict of interest, and the counselor should evaluate whether or not it may harm the client. A counselor should never take advantage of a client because they have power over them. Malpractice suits require the following to succeed: - a professional relationship between counselor and client. client has suffered harm or injury. there must be a causal relationship between practitioners negligence and damage or injury suffered by client. counselor acted negligently. If you go to your child's teacher to ask advice about improving their self-esteem, you are seeking counseling from a: - Non-professional Inferential statistics are important to a study because they allow researchers to _____. - draw conclusions from the descriptive statistics data Inferential statistics can be used to draw conclusions from the data that descriptive statistics describe. What is one reason why women are more likely to be diagnosed with depression? - They are more likely to show emotions. Tony is seeing a counselor for suicidal ideation. He just lost his job, his only source of income, his home and he has been diagnosed with depression. Tony admits that he continues to fight this battle because of immense love for his son. Yet Tony is reaching his breaking point and has started to think of ways to end his life. Which of the following is a protective factor in Tony's life? - His son Tony's will to live is strengthened by love for his son. Therefore, it is a protective factor meaning that it is a component of his life that decreases the likelihood that he will commit suicide. During a child custody evaluation, who will the psychologist interview? - The parents, children, and professionals who know the family will be interviewed During a child custody evaluation the parents, children, and professionals who know the family will be interviewed. A grief counselor, Dr. Jim Brown, recommends to his clients who are grieving to at least get outside and take a walk for half an hour each day. Which of the following grief counseling technique is Dr. Brown employing? - Teaching coping skills for grief

Coping skills can be taught to help individuals with grief. These coping skills can focus on bettering the grieving person's emotional and physical health. They can include breathing exercises, connecting with family and friends, exercise, nutrition, meditation, etc. A person who thinks that depression should be treated with talk therapy also most likely believes that the cause of depression is _____. - psychosocial The psychosocial view believes a person's environment leads to the development of the disorder. Psychosocial treatments involve talking to a psychologist, individually or in a group, in order to work through whatever issues are causing the depression. Which of the following counseling skills involves directing the conversation with the client toward certain topics or areas? - Focusing Focusing is when the counselor guides the conversation toward a particular area that they feel is important. How does the consultation process work in a triadic relationship? - There is a consultant, a consultee and a client The three parties involved in a consulting relationship are the consultant, consultee and client. The consultant is asked, as an expert, to provide information useful to the consultee regarding the client. In counseling, as time and the relationship progresses, the shift will be: - From external to internal ideas If the patient shows resistance in counseling, the counselor should: - Discuss it with the client If a college student is having a particularly difficult time concentrating in class or on homework, they might have: - ADHD When a college student has a particularly difficult time concentrating in class or on homework, they might have ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Collaboration refers to: - A counselor joining with other school staff to help students In this lesson, collaboration refers to a counselor interacting with other school staff to be aware and intervene with students in need.

What is a possible reason that many different theoretical models exist in counseling today? - different theoretical models may work better with different clients it allows counselors to choose which theoretical model they are most comfortable practicing it provides a way to categorize counseling techniques new developments are constantly being developed through research Which of the following is NOT true about the idea of wellness? - mental health treatment is always viewed as a medical disorder Ginzburg and his colleagues believe career decision making is done in three phases. In phase one the child _____. - plays with dolls role plays pretends begins thinking of careers Phase one is fantasy (until about 11 years old) in which children roleplay, pretend, and begin to think about careers they would like to do when they grow up. The children make arbitrary choices, which may not be based in reality. A useful resource in career counseling, the Career Library has a lot of resources, including the - Occupational Outlook Handbook the 0*Net materials on job hunting What are the most impactful changes in families over the past several decades? - The structure of the family and the roles of the members Families have changed a great deal over the past several decades, particularly in their structure and the roles of family members. This includes single parents and dual career couples. Applied research: - Answers a real-world problem Applied research is one type of research that is used to answer a specific question that has direct applications to the world. What type of research is the following: The juveniles primarily avoided each other during their interactions. However, when contact did occur, there was some aggression noted ('squaring off'=5; verbal threats=3). However, after each interaction the juveniles would then separate and continue to avoid each other. - Mixed methods

Mixed methods represents the middle group, the application of qualitative and quantitative methodologies to fully describe an event. Which sex a person is attracted to is called: - Sexual orientation Sexual orientation describes which sex a person is attracted to. Exploring a person's unconscious through spontaneous word association is known as: - Free association Exploring a person's unconscious through spontaneous word association is free association. Unlike Freud, Adler believed: - People are motivated to improve themselves Adler didn't agree with everything Freud said. Adler's ideas were based on a humanistic view of life, which says that people actively seek to improve themselves. This was completely different from Freud, who believed that people were motivated by things they lacked. Storming in group context means - the group members are trying to find their role in the group. The process of growth and change that people go through is called: - Development What are four concepts associated with the theory of acculturation? - Language, immersion, assimilation and integration The four concepts associated with the theory of acculturation are language, immersion, assimilation and integration. The theory of acculturation includes each of these general components as part of the acculturation process.